公开(公告)号：US09989660B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-05

申请号：US14728086

申请日：2015-06-02

申请人： PGS Geophysical AS

发明人： Jyoti Kumar ,  Guilherme Jangelme

IPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/30

CPC分类号： G01V1/362 ,  G01V1/303 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/6222

摘要： At least some of the example embodiments are methods including: performing Normal MoveOut (NMO) correction on a first Common Depth Point (CDP) gather, the NMO correction based on a reference velocity of sound in water, the NMO correction creates first NMO data with a plurality of traces; selecting a first estimated velocity that makes travel time represented in the traces substantially the same; calculating a zero-offset time shift that represents a difference in travel time as between the reference velocity and the first estimated velocity at a zero-offset trace; performing NMO correction on the first CDP gather based on a final estimated velocity to create second NMO data; adding the zero-offset time shift to each trace of the second NMO data; and then performing reverse NMO correction on the second NMO data to create corrected data.

公开(公告)号：US20180003842A1

公开(公告)日：2018-01-04

申请号：US15199272

申请日：2016-06-30

申请人： SCHLUMBERGER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

发明人： Richard Coates ,  Craig Beasley ,  Hannah Flath ,  Clara Castellanos Lopez

IPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/364 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/56

摘要： A method comprising for deghosting seismic data is disclosed. The method includes the steps of acquiring seismic data by conducting a survey of a subsurface area of interest wherein the seismic data includes ghost data and estimating a time-varying wave height above the subsurface area of interest during at least a portion of the survey, wherein the estimation of the wave height is based at least in part on a remote measurement of the wave height during the survey. The estimated time-varying wave height is used to characterize the ghost data and deghost the seismic data based at least in part on the characterized ghost data.

公开(公告)号：US08467265B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12693683

申请日：2010-01-26

申请人： Dirk-Jan van Manen ,  Massimiliano Vassallo

发明人： Dirk-Jan van Manen ,  Massimiliano Vassallo

IPC分类号： G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/364 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/56 ,  G01V2210/57

摘要： A technique for processing seismic data acquired in a seismic survey conducted in the presence of a rough sea includes receiving a first dataset that is derived from data acquired by a first set of seismic sensors generally towed at a first depth in the seismic survey and receiving a second dataset that is derived from data acquired by a second set of seismic sensors generally towed at a second depth that is different than the first depth in the seismic survey. The first dataset is indicative of at least pressure measurements, and the second dataset is indicative of at least crossline particle motion measurements. The technique includes determining crossline particle motion measurements in the presence of a relatively flat sea surface based at least in part on the crossline measurements that are indicated by the second dataset and the pressure measurements that are indicated by the first dataset.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理在存在粗糙海域的地震勘测中获取的地震数据的技术包括：接收由第一组地震传感器获取的数据导出的第一数据集，所述第一组地震传感器通常在地震勘测中的第一深度被拖曳并接收 第二数据集是由第二组地震传感器采集的数据导出的，通常在与地震勘测中的第一深度不同的第二深度上拖曳。 第一数据集至少指示压力测量，第二数据集指示至少交叉粒子运动测量。 该技术包括至少部分地基于由第二数据集指示的交叉线测量值和由第一数据集指示的压力测量结果，在存在相对平坦的海面的情况下确定交叉粒子运动测量。

公开(公告)号：US20170219732A1

公开(公告)日：2017-08-03

申请号：US15409938

申请日：2017-01-19

申请人： CGG SERVICES SAS

发明人： Gordon POOLE

IPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/282 ,  G01V1/301 ,  G01V1/364 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/56 ,  G01V2210/614

摘要： Computing device, computer instructions and method for correcting an image, of a surveyed surface, due to a free-surface reflection. The method includes calculating a free surface reflection operator for a seismic source displaced in water based on a position of the source, and an air-water interface datum; receiving recorded seismic data d recorded with seismic sensors (r), wherein the recorded seismic data is associated with a pressure and/or a particle motion produced by a seismic wave in earth; correcting the recorded seismic data d based on the free surface reflection operator to obtain transformed seismic data; and generating an image of the surveyed subsurface, based on the transformed seismic data, wherein the image is indicative of various layers of the earth. The free surface reflection operator varies while a source signal is being emitted by the source.

公开(公告)号：US20160178773A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-23

申请号：US14728086

申请日：2015-06-02

申请人： PGS Geophysical AS

发明人： Jyoti Kumar ,  Guilherme Jangelme

IPC分类号： G01V1/36

CPC分类号： G01V1/362 ,  G01V1/303 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/6222

摘要： At least some of the example embodiments are methods including: performing Normal MoveOut (NMO) correction on a first Common Depth Point (CDP) gather, the NMO correction based on a reference velocity of sound in water, the NMO correction creates first NMO data with a plurality of traces; selecting a first estimated velocity that makes travel time represented in the traces substantially the same; calculating a zero-offset time shift that represents a difference in travel time as between the reference velocity and the first estimated velocity at a zero-offset trace; performing NMO correction on the first CDP gather based on a final estimated velocity to create second NMO data; adding the zero-offset time shift to each trace of the second NMO data; and then performing reverse NMO correction on the second NMO data to create corrected data.

摘要翻译： 示例性实施例中的至少一些是包括：在第一公共深度点（CDP）集合上执行正常MoveOut（NMO）校正的NMO校正，基于水中的参考基准速度的NMO校正，NMO校正创建具有 多个痕迹; 选择在轨迹中表示的行进时间基本上相同的第一估计速度; 计算表示在零偏移轨迹处的参考速度和第一估计速度之间的行进时间差的零偏移时间偏移; 基于最终估计速度对第一个CDP收集进行NMO校正，以创建第二个NMO数据; 将零偏移时移添加到第二NMO数据的每个轨迹; 然后对第二NMO数据执行反向NMO校正以产生校正数据。

公开(公告)号：US20130028048A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-31

申请号：US13190210

申请日：2011-07-25

申请人： Walter SÖLLNER

发明人： Walter SÖLLNER

IPC分类号： G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/362 ,  G01V1/28 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/67 ,  G01V2210/675 ,  G01V2210/679

摘要： Disclosed are apparatus and methods for seismic imaging which accounts for sea-surface variations. In accordance with one embodiment, a source wave-field is forward propagated to a subsurface level below a sea floor. In addition, a receiver wave-field is backward propagated to the subsurface level, wherein the backward propagation in time comprises synchronized backward running of the sea surface. Other embodiments, aspects, and features are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了考虑海面变化的地震成像的装置和方法。 根据一个实施例，源波场向前传播到海底以下的地下水平。 此外，接收器波场反向传播到地下水位，其中时间的反向传播包括海面的同步反向运行。 还公开了其它实施例，方面和特征。

公开(公告)号：US20020126576A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-12

申请号：US09801377

申请日：2001-03-07

申请人： WesternGeco L.L.C.

发明人： Jan Douma ,  William H. Dragoset

IPC分类号： G01V001/28

CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 ,  G01V1/362 ,  G01V2210/52 ,  G01V2210/532

摘要： A method of compensating for seismic receiver motion in a marine seismic survey wherein at least one receiver is towed behind a moving seismic vessel comprises producing an acoustic energy wave at a seismic source, and recording the reflection arrival time t2 of the acoustic energy wave at the one receiver. The offset x between the source and the one receiver is determined. The normal moveout velocity V for the acoustic energy, and the velocity VB of the seismic vessel, are also estimated. A corrected reflection arrival time t1 of the acoustic energy wave is then determined by applying a time correction to the recorded reflection arrival time t2. The time correction is a function of the offset x, the normal moveout velocity V, and the velocity VB of the seismic vessel. The method is applicable to a plurality of receivers, whether the receivers are arranged in a single sensor acquisition system or hardwired to form receiver groups.

摘要翻译： 一种在海洋地震勘测中补偿地震接收器运动的方法，其中至少一个接收器被拖在移动的地震船的后面，包括在地震源产生声能波，并将声能波的反射到达时间t2记录在 一个接收器。 确定源和一个接收器之间的偏移量x。 还估计了声能的正常移动速度V和地震船的速度VB。 然后通过对记录的反射到达时间t2施加时间校正来确定声能波的校正反射到达时间t1。 时间校正是地震船的偏移x，正常移动速度V和速度VB的函数。 该方法适用于多个接收机，无论接收机是布置在单个传感器采集系统中还是硬连线以形成接收机组。

公开(公告)号：US20180267189A1

公开(公告)日：2018-09-20

申请号：US15542718

申请日：2015-12-18

申请人： CGG SERVICES SA

发明人： Ross HAACKE ,  Robert ZIETAL

IPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/362 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/47 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/58

摘要： Effects of time variability of water velocities in seismic surveys are addressed. Traveltime discontinuities in the input seismic data which are associated with the time-variable water velocities are determined. The input seismic data is transformed from a data space that contains the traveltime discontinuities into a model space which does not contain the traveltime discontinuities. Then the transformed seismic data is reverse transformed from the model space back into the data space.

公开(公告)号：US20130301387A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-14

申请号：US13850134

申请日：2013-03-25

申请人： Gert-Jan A. van Groenestijn

发明人： Gert-Jan A. van Groenestijn

IPC分类号： G01V1/36

CPC分类号： G01V1/368 ,  G01V1/36 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/675

摘要： Method for redatuming seismic data to any arbitrary location in the subsurface in a way that is consistent with the internal scattering in the subsurface. Direct arrival times are estimated from every point to every point on the edges of a virtual box in the subsurface (102). Green's functions are estimated by iterative optimization (103), using the direct arrival times as initial guesses (102), to minimize error in the source field reconstruction, which consists of the multidimensional auto-correlation of the Green's functions. The estimated Green's functions are the used to determine simulated internal multiple reflections (104). The measured data may be corrected by subtracting the simulated internal multiple reflections, or the Green's function may be used to do local imaging or local velocity model building, particularly advantageous in full wavefield inversion (104).

摘要翻译： 将地震数据以与地下内部散射一致的方式将地震数据重新转换为地下任意位置的方法。 直接到达时间是从每个点估计到地下虚拟箱边缘的每个点（102）。 绿色函数通过迭代优化（103）估计，使用直接到达时间作为初始猜测（102），以最小化源场重建中的误差，其由绿色函数的多维自相关组成。 估计的绿色功能是用于确定模拟内部多重反射（104）。 可以通过减去模拟的内部多重反射来校正测量数据，或者可以使用Green的功能来进行局部成像或局部速度模型建立，在全波场反演中尤其有利（104）。

公开(公告)号：US20130028049A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-31

申请号：US13190049

申请日：2011-07-25

申请人： NAIDE PAN

发明人： NAIDE PAN

IPC分类号： G01V1/38

CPC分类号： G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/532 ,  G01V2210/56

摘要： Rough sea elevation is estimated from a high-frequency portion of recorded pressure data and recorded vertical velocity component data. Generalized deghosting and datuming operators are constructed, which take into account the estimated rough sea elevation and irregular recording depth conditions. A low-frequency portion of the recorded pressure data is decomposed into up-going and down-going wavefields on a horizontal reference plane, using the generalized datuming and deghosting operators. A low-frequency portion of the vertical velocity component data is reconstructed from the decomposed up-going and down-going wavefields on the horizontal reference plane, using the generalized datuming and deghosting operators.

摘要翻译： 从记录的压力数据的高频部分和记录的垂直速度分量数据估计粗海拔。 构建了广义的反虚反射和数据运算符，考虑到估计的海拔高度和不规则的记录深度条件。 记录的压力数据的低频部分使用广义的数据和反重影算子在水平参考平面上分解成上下波场。 使用广义数据和去虚拟运算符，从水平参考平面上的分解的上行和下行波场重构垂直速度分量数据的低频部分。