公开(公告)号：US20240258089A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-01

申请号：US18564743

申请日：2022-05-26

申请人： Adaptas Solutions Pty Ltd

发明人： Daen Ekers ,  David Whiteley

IPC分类号： H01J43/30 ,  H01J43/18

CPC分类号： H01J43/30 ,  H01J43/18

摘要： The present invention relates to electron multipliers as used in ion detection apparatus such as mass spectrometers. The multiplier comprises a voltage stabilizing component or system, and is configured to reduce a negative effect of voltage fluctuations within and/or electromagnetic radiation emitted by the voltage stabilizing component or system during operation on an output signal of the electron multiplier. The multiplier may be configured so as to decouple the voltage fluctuations within and/or the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the voltage stabilizing component or system from its output signal.

公开(公告)号：US20150187550A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-02

申请号：US14571701

申请日：2014-12-16

申请人： Agilent Technologies, Inc.

发明人： Kazushi Hirano

IPC分类号： H01J43/10 ,  H01J49/02

CPC分类号： H01J49/025 ,  H01J43/26 ,  H01J43/30

摘要： A secondary electron multiplier includes: a conversion dynode for emitting a secondary electron in response to an incident ion; a plurality of dynodes configured to have multi-stages from second to final stages for receiving the secondary electron; and a first voltage applying device for applying a first negative voltage to the conversion dynode and sequentially dividing the first negative voltage to apply to each of the second-stage and subsequent dynodes, wherein the secondary electron multiplier is configured to sequentially multiply the emitted secondary electron by the second-stage and subsequent dynodes. In the secondary electron multiplier, any of the second-stage and subsequent dynodes have a second voltage applying device for applying a second negative voltage. The secondary electron multiplier has an improved ion detection efficiency without a large reduction of a usable period thereof, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of a mass spectrometer.

摘要翻译： 二次电子倍增器包括：用于响应于入射离子发射二次电子的转换倍增电极; 多个倍增电极被配置为具有从第二级到第二级的多级，用于接收二次电子; 以及第一电压施加装置，用于将第一负电压施加到转换倍增电极，并且顺序地分割第一负电压以施加到每个第二级和随后的倍增电极，其中二次电子倍增器被配置为顺序地将发射的二次电子 通过第二级和后续的倍增极。 在二次电子倍增器中，任何第二级和随后的倍增电极都具有用于施加第二负电压的第二电压施加装置。 二次电子倍增器具有改善的离子检测效率，而不会大大降低可用的周期，从而提高了质谱仪的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US08963094B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

申请号：US13753458

申请日：2013-01-29

申请人： Rapiscan Systems, Inc.

发明人： Tsahi Gozani ,  Michael Joseph King ,  Donald Bennett Hilliard ,  Joseph Bendahan

IPC分类号： G01T1/164

CPC分类号： G01T3/06 ,  G01T1/167 ,  G01T1/2008 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G01T3/008 ,  G01V5/0075 ,  G01V5/0091 ,  H01J43/08 ,  H01J43/30

摘要： The present invention provides a gamma-neutron detector based on mixtures of thermal neutron absorbers that produce heavy-particle emission following thermal capture. In one configuration, B-10 based detector is used in a parallel electrode plate geometry that integrates neutron moderating sheets, such as polyethylene, on the back of the electrode plates to thermalize the neutrons and then detect them with high efficiency. The moderator can also be replaced with plastic scintillator sheets viewed with a large area photomultiplier tube to detect gamma-rays as well. The detector can be used in several scanning configurations including portal, drive-through, drive-by, handheld and backpack, etc.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种基于热中子吸收剂的混合物的γ中子检测器，其在热捕获之后产生重粒子发射。 在一种配置中，基于B-10的检测器用于平行电极板几何形状，其将中子调节片（例如聚乙烯）集成在电极板的背面上，以使中子热化，然后以高效率进行检测。 调节剂也可以用用大面积光电倍增管观察的塑料闪烁体片替代，以检测伽马射线。 检测器可用于多种扫描配置，包括门禁，驱动器，驱动器，手持和背包等。

公开(公告)号：US20140138517A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-22

申请号：US14127067

申请日：2012-06-15

申请人： Mirko Liedtke ,  Eva Simbuerger ,  Daniel Schwedt

发明人： Mirko Liedtke ,  Eva Simbuerger ,  Daniel Schwedt

IPC分类号： G02B21/00

CPC分类号： G02B21/008 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  H01J43/30

摘要： A switch which reduces the voltage between the photocathode and the first dynode in the activated switching state compared to the deactivated switching state and a control unit which is adapted to move a target spot, which can be illuminated by means of the light source, over a scanning field by means of a deflecting unit. The control unit activates the switch when the target spot enters a given region of the scanning field and deactivates the switch when the target spot exits the region.

摘要翻译： 一种开关，其与处于去激活的开关状态相比，在激活的开关状态下降低光电阴极和第一倍增电极之间的电压;以及控制单元，其适于移动可以通过光源照亮的目标点， 通过偏转单元进行扫描场。 当目标点进入扫描场的给定区域时，控制单元激活开关，当目标点离开区域时，控制单元停止开关。

公开(公告)号：US08700346B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-15

申请号：US13144082

申请日：2010-01-11

申请人： Pascal Jourdan

发明人： Pascal Jourdan

IPC分类号： G01F17/00

CPC分类号： G01F17/00 ,  H01J43/246 ,  H01J43/30

摘要： The invention relates to a device for measuring and processing an input signal (To) of at least two decades, comprising: an electron multiplier (4) that has an exponential gain on the basis of the power supply voltage (Vm) thereof and which receives said input signal (To); a power supply (5) that provides the power supply voltage (Vm) of said multiplier (4); a control circuit (6) of the power supply (5), the gain (10) and shift (11) parameters of which are adjustable and define an output signal range while varying the exponential gain of said multiplier (4); a logarithmic compression amplifier (T), the output of which is received as an input of the control circuit (6) so as to vary the exponential gain of the electron multiplier (4), in a continuous manner over the dynamic range of a measurement, on the basis of the output signal (IoG) of the electron multiplier (4), and forming the output signal (Vout) of said device; a measuring and calculating means for predetermining the value of the exponent (b) for the exponential gain of the electron multiplier (4) and for calculating the gain (10) and shift (11) parameter values of said control circuit (6) on the basis of the value of said predetermined exponent (b). The invention also relates to a corresponding leak detector and measuring and processing method.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于测量和处理至少二十年的输入信号（To）的装置，包括：电子倍增器（4），其基于其电源电压（Vm）具有指数增益，并且接收 所述输入信号（To）; 提供所述乘法器（4）的电源电压（Vm）的电源（5）; 电源（5）的控制电路（6），其增益（10）和移位（11）参数是可调节的，并且在改变所述乘法器（4）的指数增益的同时限定输出信号范围; 对数压缩放大器（T），其输出作为控制电路（6）的输入被接收，以便在测量动态范围内连续地改变电子倍增器（4）的指数增益 ，基于电子倍增器（4）的输出信号（IoG），并形成所述装置的输出信号（Vout）; 用于预先确定电子倍增器（4）的指数增益的指数（b）的值并用于计算所述控制电路（6）的增益（10）和移位（11）参数值的测量和计算装置， 所述预定指数（b）的值的基础。 本发明还涉及相应的泄漏检测器和测量和处理方法。

公开(公告)号：US08618457B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-31

申请号：US12321162

申请日：2009-01-16

申请人： Anthony George Wright

发明人： Anthony George Wright

IPC分类号： H01J40/14

CPC分类号： H01J43/30

摘要： A method of measuring an anode current in an electron-multiplier device having an anode, a cathode, dynodes and a voltage divider network for applying voltages to the dynodes, which method includes applying an HV positive voltage to the anode and intermediate voltages to the dynodes, the cathode being at or near circuit ground potential, conducting dynode currents through or in parallel to the voltage divider to a point substantially at cathode potential, and deriving from those currents a current representative of the anode current.

公开(公告)号：US08519327B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-27

申请号：US13380440

申请日：2009-06-22

申请人： Hideaki Izumi

发明人： Hideaki Izumi

IPC分类号： H01J49/26

CPC分类号： H01J49/025 ,  H01J43/30

摘要： In an ion detector, power supplies (21 through 23) generating independently controllable voltages are provided to respectively apply voltages to first to fifth dynodes (11 through 15), a final dynode (16), and an anode (17) in a secondary electron multiplier (10). Furthermore, the signal from the anode (17) is extracted, and the signal from the fifth dynode (15), which has a low electron multiplication rate, is extracted. These two signals are concurrently converted into digital values, taken in by a data processing unit (34), and stored in a data storage unit (35). When a mass spectrum is created in the data processing unit (34), the two detected data for the same time are read out and the presence or absence of signal saturation or waveform deformation is determined from the values of one of the detection data. If there is a high probability of signal saturation, the detection data based on the signals in the intermediate stages are selected, and the level of the selected data is corrected. The application of independent voltages to the secondary electron multiplier (10) makes the signal saturation less likely to occur. Even if saturation temporarily occurs, an unsaturated signal can be reflected in the mass spectrum.

摘要翻译： 在离子检测器中，提供产生独立可控电压的电源（21至23），以分别施加电压到第二至第五倍增电极（11至15），最终倍增电极（16）和阳极（17） 乘数（10）。 此外，提取来自阳极（17）的信号，并且提取具有低电子倍率的来自第五倍增极（15）的信号。 这两个信号同时被转换为由数据处理单元（34）接收的数字值，并存储在数据存储单元（35）中。 当在数据处理单元（34）中产生质谱时，读出两个相同时间的检测数据，并根据检测数据之一的值确定是否存在信号饱和或波形变形。 如果信号饱和的概率很高，则选择基于中间级的信号的检测数据，校正所选数据的电平。 对二次电子倍增器（10）施加独立电压使得不太可能发生信号饱和。 即使暂时发生饱和，也可以在质谱中反映不饱和信号。

公开(公告)号：US08389942B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12997251

申请日：2009-06-11

申请人： Edward James Morton

发明人： Edward James Morton

IPC分类号： G01T1/166

CPC分类号： H01J43/30 ,  G01T1/16 ,  G01T1/167 ,  G01T1/208 ,  G01T3/06 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0091 ,  H01J40/04 ,  H01J43/08 ,  H01J43/18

摘要： The invention provides a switchable photomultiplier switchable between a detecting state and a non-detecting state including a cathode upon which incident radiation is arranged to impinge. The photomultiplier also includes a series of dynodes arranged to amplify a current created at the cathode upon detection of photoradiation. The invention also provides a detection system arranged to detect radiation-emitting material in an object. The system includes a detector switchable between a detecting state in which the detector is arranged to detect radiation and a non-detecting state in which the detector is arranged to not detect radiation. The system further includes a controller arranged to control switching of the detector between the states such that the detector is switched to the non-detecting state while an external radiation source is irradiating the object.

公开(公告)号：US08389941B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-05

申请号：US12976861

申请日：2010-12-22

申请人： Joseph Bendahan ,  Edward James Morton

发明人： Joseph Bendahan ,  Edward James Morton

IPC分类号： G01T1/164

CPC分类号： H01J43/30 ,  G01T1/16 ,  G01T1/167 ,  G01T1/208 ,  G01T3/06 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0091 ,  H01J40/04 ,  H01J43/08 ,  H01J43/18

摘要： The present invention provides a gamma-neutron detector based on mixtures of thermal neutron absorbers that produce heavy-particle emission following thermal capture. The detector consists of one or more thin screens embedded in transparent hydrogenous light guides, which also serve as a neutron moderator. The emitted particles interact with the scintillator screen and produce a high light output, which is collected by the light guides into a photomultiplier tube and produces a signal from which the neutrons are counted. Simultaneous gamma-ray detection is provided by replacing the light guide material with a plastic scintillator. The plastic scintillator serves as the gamma-ray detector, moderator and light guide. The neutrons and gamma-ray events are separated employing Pulse-Shape Discrimination (PSD). The detector can be used in several scanning configurations including portal, drive-through, drive-by, handheld and backpack, etc.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种基于热中子吸收剂的混合物的γ中子检测器，其在热捕获之后产生重粒子发射。 检测器由一个或多个嵌入在透明氢光导中的薄屏幕组成，也可作为中子调节剂。 发射的颗粒与闪烁体屏幕相互作用并产生高光输出，该光输出由光导收集到光电倍增管中并产生中子被计数的信号。 通过用塑料闪烁体代替导光材料来提供同时的γ射线检测。 塑料闪烁体用作γ射线检测器，调节剂和光导。 使用脉冲形状识别（PSD）分离中子和γ射线事件。 检测器可用于多种扫描配置，包括门禁，驱动器，驱动器，手持和背包等。

公开(公告)号：US20090057548A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11897693

申请日：2007-08-31

申请人： August Hidalgo ,  Kenneth L. Staton

发明人： August Hidalgo ,  Kenneth L. Staton

IPC分类号： H01J49/02

CPC分类号： H01J43/30 ,  H01J43/26 ,  H01J49/025

摘要： A system for detecting ions is disclosed. The system includes a detector having a plurality of dynodes arranged in an electron cascading configuration, and a power supply circuit electrically coupled to the plurality of dynodes. The plurality of dynodes include a first dynode and a second dynode. The power supply circuit is arranged to selectively adjust a potential difference between the first and second dynodes between a detection mode and a blanking mode. A method of detecting ions is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测离子的系统。 该系统包括具有以电子级联配置布置的多个倍增电极的检测器和电耦合到多个倍增电极的电源电路。 多个倍增电极包括第一倍增电极和第二倍增电极。 电源电路设置成在检测模式和消隐模式之间选择性地调节第一和第二倍增电极之间的电位差。 还公开了一种检测离子的方法。