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公开(公告)号：US3848065A
公开(公告)日：1974-11-12
申请号：US29368672
申请日：1972-09-29
申请人： MONSANTO CO
发明人： PAULIK F
CPC分类号： C01B7/135
摘要： 1. A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AQUEOUS HYDROGEN IODIDE WHICH COMPRISES REACTING HYDROGEN AND IODINE IN WATER AT A TEMPERATURE FROM ABOUT 70* TO ABOUT 125*C. AND A PRESSURE FROM ABOUT 50 TO ABOUT 80 P.S.I.G. IN CONTACT WITH A CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF RHODIUM AND RUTHENIUM SUPPORTED ON AN INERT MATERIAL, THE AMOUNT OF METAL IN SAID CATLSYT BEING IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 0.00001 MOLE TO ABOUT 0.01 MOLE PER MOLE OF IODINE.
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公开(公告)号：US4357309A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US240158
申请日：1981-03-03
申请人： Sara J. Arnold , Kenneth D. Foster
发明人： Sara J. Arnold , Kenneth D. Foster
摘要： An apparatus and method for generating on demand a gaseous product from a liquid phase reaction of one reactant in the solid phase at ambient room conditions and another reactant in the liquid phase at ambient room conditions. The reactants preferably are iodine crystals, and liquid tetrahydronaphthalene (THN), with the gaseous product being hydrogen iodide. The liquid phase reaction, in the preferred embodiment, is 2I.sub.2 +C.sub.10 H.sub.12 .fwdarw.4HI+C.sub.10 H.sub.8, known per se. Preferably, THN is pumped from a reservoir to be sprinkled over the iodine crystals in another reservoir. Some iodine dissolves into the liquid THN, with the resulting solution then percolating through a reaction zone containing a heated, porous packing material. Heat is transferred to the solution, thereby promoting, i.e., driving the above reaction. The gaseous hydrogen iodide is then removed from the reaction zone; typically for direct use, for example, in a chemical laser. The gaseous HI is generated at sufficiently high flow rates and/or partial pressures to be used in chemical lasers, eg., based on HF, HCl or HBr which operate at about 2700 nm, 3800 nm, and 4100 nm, respectively.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在环境室条件下根据需要从固相中的一种反应物的液相反应产生气态产物的装置和方法，以及在环境室条件下在液相中的另一种反应物。 反应物优选为碘晶体和液体四氢化萘（THN），气态产物为碘化氢。 在优选实施方案中，液相反应是本身已知的2I2 + C10H12→4HI + C10H8。 优选地，THN从储存器泵送以在另一储存器中的碘晶体上喷洒。 一些碘溶解到液体THN中，所得溶液然后渗透通过含有加热多孔填料的反应区。 将热量转移到溶液中，从而促进，即驱动上述反应。 然后从反应区中除去气态碘化氢; 通常用于直接使用，例如在化学激光中。 气体HI以足够高的流速和/或分压产生，用于化学激光器，例如分别基于在约2700nm，3800nm和4100nm处工作的HF，HCl或HBr。
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公开(公告)号：US4198384A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-15
申请号：US850641
申请日：1977-11-11
申请人： Sam P. Robinson
发明人： Sam P. Robinson
CPC分类号： B01D53/70 , C01B7/01 , F23G5/16 , F23G7/00 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A method and apparatus for disposing of waste material by means of a multi-stage reaction favoring desired reaction products. The rate at which different reactions reach equilibrium at different temperatures and the effects of reaction stoichiometry are controlled by the process to promote desired reactions and discriminate against undesired ones. In the preferred embodiment, the present invention is a method of incinerating chlorinated hydrocarbons comprisingreacting the chlorinated hydrocarbon at high temperature with less than a stoichiometric amount of oxygen for a period of time minimizing generation of nitrogen oxides;quenching the reacting chlorinated hydrocarbon-air mixture with water, whereby phosgene generated in the first part of the reaction is hydrolized, free chlorine is minimized and the temperature of the reacting chlorinated hydrocarbon-air mixture is reduced to a lower temperature to minimize generation of nitrogen oxides;further reacting the chlorinated hydrocarbon-air-steam reaction mixture at said lower temperature for a period of time not long enough to allow the formation of a significant amount of nitrogen oxides;adding additional air to the reacting chlorinated hydrocarbon-air-steam mixture to further reduce the temperature of said reacting mixture and to provide a stoichiometric excess of oxygen and lower the reaction temperature;further reacting said chlorinated hydrocarbon-air-water mixture with said stoichiometric excess of oxygen at said still lower temperature for a period of time long enough to fully react said chlorinated hydrocarbon to HCl, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O, but still sufficiently short to prevent formation of a significant amount of nitrogen oxides;heating water and generating steam from indirect heat exchange with the effluent gas stream; andscrubbing hydrogen chloride gas out of said effluent gas stream.Apparatus is provided to permit this stage-wise reaction and to control the addition of quench water and air, as well as the addition of any additional hydrocarbon fuel, as needed, to insure minimum generation of nascent oxygen and chlorine and nitrogen oxides while insuring substantially all the chlorine in the combustion gas stream is converted into hydrogen chloride.
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公开(公告)号：US4663145A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US774420
申请日：1985-09-10
IPC分类号： B01J8/12 , C01F7/30 , C01G49/06 , C01G53/00 , C23F1/46 , C23G1/36 , C01B7/18 , B01J8/08 , C01B17/90 , F27B15/00
CPC分类号： C23G1/36 , B01J8/12 , C01F7/30 , C01G49/06 , C01G53/00 , C01G53/04 , Y10S159/29 , Y10S423/01 , Y10S423/02
摘要： A device for and method of working up etching and pickling liquids consisting of a vertical furnace having one or more vertical reaction spaces through which balls move at a maximum packing density.The furnace has a temperature gradient from the bottom (high) to the top (low). The reaction space and the balls consist of a material which is inert with respect to the liquid to be worked up. The liquid is introduced into the upper side of the furnace so that a film is formed in the heated surface of the balls. The salt dissolved in the liquid decomposes pyrolytically. The metal oxide is deposited on the surface of the balls and is removed therefrom after leaving the reaction space. The acid residue vapours are drained at the top and recovered in a separate absorber to the original pickling or etching acid.
摘要翻译： 一种处理由具有一个或多个垂直反应空间的垂直炉组成的蚀刻和酸洗液体的装置和方法，球以最大填充密度移动。 炉具有从底部（高）到顶部（低）的温度梯度。 反应空间和球由相对于被处理液体是惰性的材料组成。 将液体引入炉的上侧，使得在滚珠的加热表面中形成膜。 溶解在液体中的盐分解热分解。 金属氧化物沉积在球的表面上，并在离开反应空间之后被除去。 酸残留蒸气在顶部排出并在单独的吸收器中回收到原酸洗或酸蚀酸。
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公开(公告)号：US4089940A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US786009
申请日：1977-04-08
申请人： John H. Norman , John L. Russell, Jr. , John T. Porter, II , Kenneth H. McCorkle , Thomas S. Roemer , Robert Sharp
发明人： John H. Norman , John L. Russell, Jr. , John T. Porter, II , Kenneth H. McCorkle , Thomas S. Roemer , Robert Sharp
摘要： Hydrogen is thermochemically produced from water in a cycle wherein a first reaction produces hydrogen iodide and H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 by the reaction of iodine, sulfur dioxide and water under conditions which cause two distinct aqueous phases to be formed, i.e., a lighter sulfuric acid-bearing phase and a heavier hydrogen iodide-bearing phase. After separation of the two phases, the heavier phase containing most of the hydrogen iodide is treated, e.g., at a high temperature, to decompose the hydrogen iodide and recover hydrogen and iodine. The H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 is pyrolyzed to recover sulfur dioxide and produce oxygen.
摘要翻译： 在循环中由水热化学产生氢气，其中第一反应在引起两个不同水相形成的条件下通过碘，二氧化硫和水的反应产生碘化氢和H 2 SO 4，即较轻的含硫酸相和 较重的含碘碘化物相。 分离两相之后，将大部分碘化氢的较重相进行处理，例如在高温下分解碘化氢并回收氢和碘。 H2SO4被热解以回收二氧化硫并产生氧气。
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公开(公告)号：US4089939A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US772308
申请日：1977-02-25
摘要： Hydrogen is produced from water by reacting I.sub.2 SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O to make hydrogen iodide and sulfuric acid. SO.sub.2 is present in a substantial molar excess with respect to the available H.sub.2 O and I.sub.2 is also present in excess to cause the formation of a lighter sulfuric acid-bearing phase and a heavier hydrogen iodide-bearing phase. The heavier phase is separated from the lighter phase, degassed to remove SO.sub.2 and then treated with additional HI and I.sub.2 to cause the formation of a light immiscible fraction containing sulfuric acid and water which is removed to substantially reduce the sulfur content of the degassed phase. Finally, the hydrogen iodide product is separated and decomposed to produce hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 通过使I 2 + L，SO 2和H 2 O反应从水中产生氢气以制备碘化氢和硫酸。 SO 2相对于可用的H 2 O存在相当大的摩尔过量，并且I2也过量存在，以形成具有较轻硫酸的相和较重的含碘化氢的相。 较重的相与较轻的相分离，脱气以除去SO 2，然后用另外的HI和I 2进行处理，以形成含有硫酸和水的轻质不混溶部分，其被除去以显着降低脱气相的硫含量。 最后，将碘化氢产物分离并分解产生氢气。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4460551A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-17
申请号：US456090
申请日：1982-12-28
申请人： Dieter Boese , Rene Etter
发明人： Dieter Boese , Rene Etter
摘要： In the process for the production of synthetic anhydrite and pure hydrofluoric acid, a reaction is initiated using fluorspar with a mixture containing sulphuric acid, oleum and the reflux of the acidic scrubbing. The aim is to produce synthetic anhydrite which contains only the desired small proportion of CaF.sub.2, while the free H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 is completely neutralized, but other desirable accelerators are still retained. The reaction is so arranged that fluorosulphonic acid does not enter the reactor at all or only in minute quantity and the new formation of fluorosulphonic acid is effectively repressed. For this end, the components of CaF.sub.2 and acid mixture are fed into the reactor at an elevated temperature and the reactor intake is so heated, whereby the reaction is initiated at 100.degree. C. and thus new formation of fluorosulphonic acid is arrested. The exhaust gases from the reactor are hot-dried in a first stage and the dust is expelled, before the material is cooled in the subsequent stages.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH81 / 00146 Sec。 371日期1982年12月28日 102（e）日期1982年12月28日PCT提交1981年12月28日PCT公布。 公开号WO82 / 03848 日期为1982年11月11日。在生产合成无水石膏和纯氢氟酸的方法中，使用氟石与含硫酸，发烟硫酸和酸性洗涤剂的回流的混合物开始反应。 目的是生产合成的无水石膏，其仅含有所需的小比例的CaF 2，而游离H 2 SO 4完全中和，但仍然保留其它所需的促进剂。 反应如此布置，使得氟磺酸全部或仅以微量的量进入反应器，并且氟代磺酸的新形成被有效地抑制。 为此，将CaF 2和酸混合物的组分在升高的温度下进料到反应器中，并将反应器进料如此加热，由此在100℃开始反应，从而阻止新的氟磺酸形成。 来自反应器的废气在第一阶段被热干燥，并且在随后的阶段中冷却材料之前将粉尘排出。
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公开(公告)号：US4127644A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-28
申请号：US792445
申请日：1977-04-29
摘要： Hydrogen is produced from water by first reacting I.sub.2, SO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O to make hydrogen iodide and sulfuric acid. A substantial molar excess of SO.sub.2 and I.sub.2 in the reaction zone creates a lighter sulfuric acid-bearing phase and a heavier polyiodic-acid-bearing phase. The heavier phase is separated, degassed and then contacted with phosphoric acid to permit distillation of HI of low water content and recovery of I.sub.2 as a separate fraction. Hydrogen is recovered from HI vapor, as by thermal decomposition.
摘要翻译： 通过首先使I2，SO2和H2O反应生成碘化氢和硫酸，从而产生氢。 在反应区域中相当大量的过量的SO 2和I 2产生较轻的含硫酸相和较重的含多碘酸的相。 将较重的相分离，脱气，然后与磷酸接触，以允许蒸馏低水含量的HI，并将I2作为分离馏分回收。 通过热分解从HI蒸气中回收氢。
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9.发明授权Process for recovering hydrogen and elemental sulfur from hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans-containing gases 失效从硫化氢和/或含有气雾剂的气体中回收氢和元素硫的方法
公开(公告)号：US4066739A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-03
申请号：US672004
申请日：1976-03-30
申请人： Wu-Chi Chen
发明人： Wu-Chi Chen
CPC分类号： C01B3/04 , B01D53/485 , B01D53/52 , C01B17/05 , Y02E60/364
摘要： A process for removing hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans from hydrogen sulfide and/or mercaptans-containing gases using aqueous iodine slurry and/or solution to recover elemental sulfur as one product and to generate hydriodic acid which is dehydrated, pressurized, and decomposed into iodine for recycling and into hydrogen for recovering as another product.
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公开(公告)号：US3761579A
公开(公告)日：1973-09-25
申请号：US3761579D
申请日：1971-09-01
申请人： MONSANTO CO
摘要： Aqueous hydrogen iodide is prepared by the reaction of iodine, water and carbon monoxide in a reaction medium containing a strong acid at temperatures in the range from about 75* to about 200* C and pressures from about 25 to about 500 psig employing a rhodium- or iridium-containing catalyst.
摘要翻译： 碘化氢水溶液通过碘，水和一氧化碳在包含强酸的反应介质中在约75至约200℃的温度和约25至约500psig的压力下反应来制备，使用铑 - 或含铱催化剂。
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