摘要:
A process for preparing substantially gel-free, high molecular weight, high unsaturation copolymers of an isoolefin and conjugated diolefins having a number average molecular weight of at least 120,000 and a mole percent of unsaturation of at least 5 percent which comprises carrying out the polymerization in a homogeneous phase, introducing the catalyst comprising a hydrocarbyl aluminum dihalide and carrying out the reaction at a temperature of less than -100*C.
摘要:
THERE IS DISCLOSED A PROCESS FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF BUTADIENE AND BUTADIENE IN MIXTURE WITH OTHER CONJUGATED DIOLEFINS TO FORM POLYMERS CONTANING AT LEAST 90 PERCENT OF THE BUTADIENE UNITS IN THE CIS-1,4 CONFIGURATION COMPRISING CONTACTING AT LEAST ONE DIOLEFIN UNDER POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS WITH A CATALYST COMPRISING (A) AT LEAST ONE ORGANOMETTALLIC COMPOUND, (B) AT LEAST ONE ORGANONICKEL COMPOUND, AND (C) AT LEAST ONE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM A GROUP CONSISTING OF METAL FLUOROBORATES, METAL FLUOROPHOSPHATES, METAL FLUOROANTIMONATES AND ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF FLUOROPHOSPHATES AND FLUOROANTIMONATES WHEREIN THEMETAL IS SELECTED FROM A GROUP CONSISTING OF LITHIUM, BERYLLIUM, CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, NICKEL AND COBALT.
摘要:
THIS INVENTION IS DIRECTED TO THE RADIATION INDUCED POLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE IN WHICH TERTIARY BUTYL ALCOHOL IS USED AS THE REACTION MEDIUM. VARIOUSSOLVENTS HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED AS A REACTION MEDIUM FOR THE RADIATION INDUCED POLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO BE CARRIED OUT UNDER HIGH REACTION PRESSURE, AND IT HAS BEEN FOUND THAT TERTIARY BUTYL ALCOHOL IS THE MEDIUM WHICH PRODUCES HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT PRODUCTS IN HIGH YIELD AND GIVES THE GREATEST RATE OF POLYMERIZATION REACTION.
摘要:
BUTADIENE AND/OR ISOPRENE,OPTIONALLY WITH STYRENE, ARE POLYMERIZED CONTINUOUSLY BY INTRODUCING AT LEAST PART OF THE MONOMER, HYDROCARBON DILUENT, AND A LITHIUM BASED INITIATOR INTO THE BOTTOM REGION OF AN ELONGATED, VERTICAL, PRESSURIZED REACTION VESSEL. THE MATERIALS ARE AGITATED, AND ADDITIONAL MONOMER, IF ANY, IS INTRODUCED TO THE VESSEL AS THE MATERIALS FLOW FROM THE BOTTOM TO THE TOP OF THE REACTION VESSEL, AND THEN INTO A SECND VESSEL. THE HEAT IS CONTAINED WITHIN THE REACTION VESSEL. A PORTION OF VAPOR IS REMOVED FROM THE SECOND VESSEL TO CONTROL THE PRESSURE WITHIN IT; IN THIS MANNER THE PRESSURE, AND HENCE THE TEMPERATURE IN THE REACTION VESSEL ARE CONTROLLED TO PERMIT SOME BOILING IN THE TOP OF THE REACTION VESSEL. THE BOILING PRODUCES AGITATION, AND THE REMOVAL OF VAPOR RAISES THE SOLIDS CONTENT OF THE MATERIALS. VAPORS REMOVED ARE CONDENSED AND RECYCLED, AND THE REAMINING MATERIAL IS DISHCARGED FROM THE SECOND VESSEL.
摘要:
POLYACRYLATES ARE PREPARED IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION UNDER SPECIALLY CONTROLLED REACTION CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE EFFICIENT FLOCCULANTS. AMMONIUM ACRYLATE TO POLYMERIZED AT A MONOMER CONCENTRATION WITHIN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 10 WEIGHT PERCENT OF THE POLYMERIZATION SYSTEM UP TO THE MONOMER SATURATION LEVEL, IN THE PRESENCE OF AT LEAST 0.1 WEIGHT PERCENT OF AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE. THE UPPER LIMIT ON THE AMOUNT OF HYDROXIDE EMPLOYED WILL RANGE DOWNWARDLY FROM ABOUT 15 WEIGHT PERCENT TO APPROXIMATELY 5 WEIGHT PERCENT FOR MONOMER CONCENTRATIONS FROM 10 TO 40 WEIGHT PERCENT RESPECTIVELY. FURTHER IMPROVEMENT IN POLYMER PROPERTIES IS ACHIEVED BY THE INCORPORATION OF AT LEAST ABOUT 1 WEIGHT PERCENT, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF POLYMERIZATION SYSTEM, OF AN ALKALI METAL SALT.