公开(公告)号：US08302461B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-06

申请号：US12300952

申请日：2007-05-12

申请人： Judit Angster ,  Andreas Schmohl ,  Andras Miklos

发明人： Judit Angster ,  Andreas Schmohl ,  Andras Miklos

IPC分类号： G01N7/02

CPC分类号： G01N29/348 ,  G01N1/405 ,  G01N21/1702 ,  G01N29/2425 ,  G01N29/4481 ,  G01N2021/1704 ,  G01N2291/021 ,  G01N2291/0423

摘要： A gas detector with a selectively adsorbing surface (3) and an acoustic measuring cell (5) is presented. The detector is characterized in that the selectively adsorbing surface (3) and the acoustic measuring cell (5) can be arranged with respect to one another such that gases desorbed by means of thermal desorption from the adsorbing surface (3) reach the acoustic measuring cell (5) and there trigger a pressure wave that can be measured by one or more acoustic pick-ups (13, 14), in particular microphones, which are arranged in the acoustic measuring cell (5). Furthermore, a corresponding method is provided. The detector is particularly suitable for measuring contaminants in interior spaces and ventilation systems.

摘要翻译： 提出了具有选择性吸附表面（3）和声测量单元（5）的气体检测器。 检测器的特征在于，选择性吸附表面（3）和声学测量单元（5）可以相对于彼此布置，使得通过从吸附表面（3）的热解吸解吸的气体到达声学测量单元 （5），并且触发可以由布置在声测量单元（5）中的一个或多个声拾取器（13,14）特别是麦克风测量的压力波。 此外，提供了相应的方法。 检测器特别适用于测量内部空间和通风系统中的污染物。

公开(公告)号：US07925449B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-12

申请号：US11856900

申请日：2007-09-18

申请人： Howard W. Lutnick ,  Antonio Papageorgiou

发明人： Howard W. Lutnick ,  Antonio Papageorgiou

IPC分类号： G01N7/02

CPC分类号： G01N33/2829 ,  F02P5/145 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G06Q99/00

摘要： Products and processes are provided herewith for analyzing octane content in a fuel sample that include the step or steps of receiving an octane measurement of a fuel sample from a octane analyzer, rounding the octane measurement to a nearest recognized octane rating, comparing the rounded octane measurement with a listed octane rating for the fuel sample, and communicating results of the comparison to a user of the octane analyzer. The octane analyzer may be incorporated into a fuel pump or a vehicle. The results of the comparison may also be used to adjust the vehicle operating parameters to account for the actual octane rating of the fuel dispensed into the vehicle.

摘要翻译： 本文提供的产品和方法用于分析燃料样品中的辛烷值，其包括从辛烷值分析仪接收燃料样品的辛烷值测量值的步骤或步骤，将辛烷值测量值舍入到最接近的公认辛烷值， 燃料样品列出了辛烷值，并与辛烷值分析仪的使用者进行了比较。 辛烷值分析仪可以结合在燃料泵或车辆中。 比较结果也可用于调整车辆操作参数以考虑分配到车辆中的燃料的实际辛烷值。

公开(公告)号：US07810376B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-12

申请号：US11983128

申请日：2007-11-06

申请人： Serguei Koulikov

发明人： Serguei Koulikov

IPC分类号： G01N7/02

CPC分类号： G01N1/405 ,  G01N7/02 ,  G01N2001/2264 ,  G01N2001/387

摘要： The gas absorption/adsorption memory effect in gas analysis can be reduced by controlling gas flow conditions such that the partial pressure of the analyte of interest is held constant, if the measured analyte concentration is within a predetermined range. Keeping the analyte partial pressure constant is helpful for mitigating the memory effect because changes in analyte absorption/adsorption rates tend to be driven by changes in analyte partial pressure. The memory effect can also be mitigated by performing concentration measurements at two or more different gas flow conditions, and employing a mathematical model to estimate true concentration and “memory effect” contributions to measured concentrations at one or more of the flow conditions. The mathematical model can be based on an assumption that the true analyte concentration is independent of flow rate or pressure, while the “memory effect” contribution to measured concentration is inversely proportional to flow rate or pressure.

摘要翻译： 如果测量的分析物浓度在预定范围内，则气体分析中的气体吸收/吸附记忆效应可以通过控制气体流动条件来降低，使得目标分析物的分压保持恒定。 保持分析物分压恒定有助于减轻记忆效应，因为分析物吸收/吸附速率的变化倾向于由分析物分压的变化驱动。 还可以通过在两种或多种不同气体流动条件下进行浓度测量来减轻记忆效应，并采用数学模型来估计在一个或多个流动条件下的测量浓度的真实浓度和“记忆效应”贡献。 数学模型可以基于真实分析物浓度与流量或压力无关的假设，而“记忆效应”对测量浓度的贡献与流速或压力成反比。

公开(公告)号：US20080034839A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-14

申请号：US10589801

申请日：2005-02-07

申请人： Johannes Ante ,  Thomas Hammer ,  Thomas Kappes

发明人： Johannes Ante ,  Thomas Hammer ,  Thomas Kappes

IPC分类号： G01N7/02

CPC分类号： G01N15/0656 ,  G01N1/2205 ,  G01N1/2252

摘要： Particle concentration is monitored in a gas stream, in particular rust particle concentration in the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine. A sensor in the gas stream collects the particles that are monitored. The sensor is integrated as a capacitive element in an electromagnetic resonant circuit excited by an alternating voltage. The sensor includes a non-conducting base body and two electrodes spaced apart from each other. A characteristic value of the resonant circuit varying on the basis of the particle load of the sensor is determined as a reference value when the sensor is unloaded. The change in the characteristic value due to the particle load is determined relative to the reference value.

摘要翻译： 在气流中监测颗粒浓度，特别是内燃机排气流中的锈颗粒浓度。 气流中的传感器收集被监测的颗粒。 传感器作为电容元件集成在由交流电压激励的电磁谐振电路中。 传感器包括不导电的基体和彼此间隔开的两个电极。 当传感器被卸载时，基于传感器的粒子载荷而变化的谐振电路的特性值被确定为参考值。 相对于参考值确定由于粒子载荷引起的特征值的变化。

公开(公告)号：US20070003440A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-04

申请号：US10683316

申请日：2003-10-10

申请人： Robert McGill ,  Eric Houser

发明人： Robert McGill ,  Eric Houser

IPC分类号： G01N7/02 ,  B32B9/04

CPC分类号： C08G77/60 ,  Y10T436/163333 ,  Y10T436/17

摘要： This invention relates generally to a new class of chemoselective polymer materials. In particular, the invention relates to linear polycarbosilane compounds for use in various analytical applications involving sorbent polymer materials, including chromatoghraphy, chemical trapping, analyte collection, and chemical sensor applications. These polymers have pendant and terminal aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups that are functionalized with halogen substituted alcohol or phenol groups, having the general structure: wherein n is an integer greater than 1; wherein at least one of R1 and R2 is a linear or branched arm having at least one group independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and aryl groups, or combinations thereof, and having at least one halogen substituted alcohol or phenol groups attached thereto; wherein any said R1 and R2 aryl groups are attached to said [Si—X-]n either directly or through a short hydrocarbon chain; wherein any remaining said R1 or R2 group is a hydrocarbon or carbosilane group; wherein X is a polymer component selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene groups, and combinations thereof; and wherein Z1 and Z2 are end groups independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkyl silanes, aryl silanes, hydroxyl, silicon hydride, alkoxides, phenols, halogen substituted alcohols, halogen substituted phenols, organosilyl, and combinations thereof. These polymeric materials are primarily designed to sorb hydrogen bond basic analytes such as organophosphonate esters (nerve agents and precursors) and nitro-substituted compounds (explosives).

公开(公告)号：US5767383A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US799754

申请日：1997-02-11

申请人： Gary D. Keil ,  Ronald G. Morgan ,  Sheryl A. Tipton ,  Wayne A. Supak

发明人： Gary D. Keil ,  Ronald G. Morgan ,  Sheryl A. Tipton ,  Wayne A. Supak

IPC分类号： G01N31/00 ,  G01N1/00 ,  G01N7/02 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N7/00

CPC分类号： G01N7/02 ,  G01N33/0054

摘要： A process for automated measurement of ammonia in a gas mixture containing ammonia gas and one or more water-insoluble gases includes providing a water reservoir adapted for supplying water therefrom through a first solenoid valve and providing a measurement vessel adapted for receiving water. The vessel is adapted for draining the water therefrom through a second solenoid valve. The vessel is also adapted for receiving the gas mixture through a third solenoid valve and purging the gas mixture from the vessel through a fourth solenoid valve. The vessel is adapted for maintaining the gas in the vessel and receiving water thereinto in an amount sufficient to dissolve the ammonia gas contained in the gas mixture, into the water, and allowing a differential pressure between the gas mixture and the water containing dissolved ammonia to be measured. The process also includes providing a measurement vessel adapted for allowing height of water within the vessel to be measured, providing means for measuring height of water within measurement vessel, and providing recording means for converting the measured height signal to an ammonia concentration value.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在含有氨气和一种或多种不溶于水的气体的气体混合物中自动测量氨的方法包括提供适于通过第一电磁阀从其中供水以及提供适于接收水的测量容器的储水器。 容器适于通过第二电磁阀将水从其排出。 容器还适于通过第三电磁阀接收气体混合物，并通过第四电磁阀从容器中清除气体混合物。 容器用于将气体保持在容器中并以足以将包含在气体混合物中的氨气溶解到水中的量接收水，并且允许气体混合物和含有溶解氨的水之间的压差 被测量。 该方法还包括提供适于允许测量容器内的水的高度的测量容器，提供用于测量测量容器内的水的高度的装置，以及提供用于将测量的高度信号转换为氨浓度值的记录装置。

公开(公告)号：US5157960A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US475659

申请日：1990-02-06

申请人： Timothy R. Brehm ,  Leon R. Glicksman

发明人： Timothy R. Brehm ,  Leon R. Glicksman

IPC分类号： G01N7/02 ,  G01N15/08

CPC分类号： G01N15/08 ,  G01N7/02

摘要： Method and apparatus are provided for accurately and more rapidly measuring the permeability of various test gases in cellular polymeric materials with very low permeation rates, comprising a constant volume test chamber sealed with indium gaskets, said chamber being connected to a gas inlet valve and test gas reservoir with pressure gauge, gas outlet valve and oil check valve, an absolute pressure transducer to track the change in pressure in the test chamber, and said chamber being submerged in a water bath for strict temperature control. A thinly cut foam sample is placed in the test chamber surrounded by the test gas, where the gas inside the sample is first allowed to reach equilibrium with the surrounding gas; the pressure of the surrounding gas is then raised or lowered, and the rate at which the sample takes up or gives off the test gas is recorded over time as a change in pressure of the test gas around the foam. From this pressure variation the desired permeability coefficient may be measured, and achieved more quickly due to the reduced thickness of the sample. Unlike standard prior art transmission-method devices, this new sorption method and apparatus also allows for separate determination of the diffusion and solubility coefficients; it further allows for the use of much thinner foam samples than can be reliably used in prior art methods, resulting in a substantial reduction in testing time. The effective diffusion coefficient is used as an input to a computational model which predicts the rate of aging in a foam insulation panel. The effective solubility coefficient is used primarily to understand the behavior of the blowing agent in the foam system.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于以非常低的渗透速率准确地并且更快速地测量多孔聚合材料中的各种测试气体的渗透性的方法和装置，其包括用铟垫片密封的恒定体积的测试室，所述室连接到气体入口阀和测试气体 具有压力表的储存器，气体出口阀和止油阀，用于跟踪测试室中的压力变化的绝对压力传感器，并且所述室被浸没在严格温度控制的水浴中。 将薄切的泡沫样品放置在由测试气体包围的测试室中，其中样品中的气体首先被允许与周围气体达到平衡; 然后周围气体的压力升高或降低，随着时间的推移，记录样品吸收或释放测试气体的速率随着泡沫周围的测试气体的压力变化而被记录。 从该压力变化可以测量期望的渗透系数，并且由于样品的厚度减小而更快地实现。 与标准现有技术的传输方法装置不同，这种新的吸附方法和装置还允许单独测定扩散和溶解度系数; 它进一步允许使用比现有技术方法中可靠地使用的更薄的泡沫样品，导致测试时间的显着降低。 有效扩散系数被用作预测泡沫隔热板中的老化速率的计算模型的输入。 有效的溶解度系数主要用于了解发泡剂在泡沫体系中的作用。

公开(公告)号：US4016065A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-05

申请号：US622991

申请日：1975-10-16

申请人： Sidney Marion Beck ,  Campbell Moore Gilmour

发明人： Sidney Marion Beck ,  Campbell Moore Gilmour

IPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  G01N7/02 ,  G01N33/18 ,  C25B1/04

CPC分类号： G01N33/1806 ,  C25B1/02 ,  G01N7/02

摘要： The disclosed electrolytic field respirometer consists of a sample vessel in which oxygen is utilized by a biological sample. Oxygen is provided on demand from an electrolytic cell which is turned on when the electrolyte level in a contact tube rises because of decreased pressure in the sample vessel due to oxygen consumption. A compensating vessel is operatively connected to the electrolytic cell to balance pressure fluctuations due to changes in the environmental pressure or temperature to which the respirometer is subjected.

摘要翻译： 所公开的电场式呼吸计量仪由其中生物样品使用氧气的样品容器组成。 当由于氧消耗导致样品容器中的压力降低时，当接触管中的电解质水平升高时，电解池中的氧被提供。 补偿容器可操作地连接到电解池，以平衡由于呼吸计受到的环境压力或温度的变化引起的压力波动。

公开(公告)号：US3507146A

公开(公告)日：1970-04-21

申请号：US3507146D

申请日：1968-02-09

申请人： WEBB JAMES E ,  NASA

发明人： CAMPBELL GORDON W ,  BREEZE ROBERT K

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/145 ,  B01L7/00 ,  G01N1/00 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N33/483 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N7/02

CPC分类号： A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/02042 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/0833 ,  B01L7/00

公开(公告)号：US2684289A

公开(公告)日：1954-07-20

申请号：US10943649

申请日：1949-08-10

申请人： GUILD LLOYD V

发明人： GUILD LLOYD V

IPC分类号： B01L5/04 ,  G01N7/02

CPC分类号： G01N7/02 ,  B01L5/04 ,  Y10T137/2559 ,  Y10T137/791