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公开(公告)号：US06314092B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US08849146
申请日：1997-06-09
申请人： Stephen Reeve
发明人： Stephen Reeve
IPC分类号： H01J116
摘要： A path between a selected first node and a selected second node is identified in a telecommunications network. A system cost is estimated for making a connection between the first node and the second node, a potential first intermediate note interconnectable from the first node is identified and a first set of systems costs are estimated from said first intermediate nodes to said second node. In addition, the second intermediate nodes connectable from the second node are identified and a second set of systems costs are estimated from the second intermediate nodes to the first node. On the basis of a comparison between the first set of systems costs and the second set of systems costs, between the first and second nodes, a starting node and a target node are selected.
摘要翻译： 在电信网络中识别所选择的第一节点和所选择的第二节点之间的路径。 估计用于在第一节点和第二节点之间建立连接的系统成本，识别从第一节点可互连的潜在的第一中间票据，并且从所述第一中间节点估计第一组系统成本到所述第二节点。 另外，从第二节点可连接的第二中间节点被识别，并且从第二中间节点到第一节点估计第二组系统成本。 基于第一组系统成本与第二组系统成本之间的比较，在第一和第二节点之间，选择起始节点和目标节点。
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公开(公告)号：US06825596B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US08609354
申请日：1996-03-01
申请人： David A. Cathey
发明人： David A. Cathey
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H01J1/3044 , H01J1/3042 , H01J9/025 , H01J2201/30403 , Y10S148/116 , Y10S148/172 , Y10S438/978
摘要： Electron emitters and a method of fabricating emitters which have a concentration gradient of impurities, such that the highest concentration of impurities is at the apex of the emitters, and decreases toward the base of the emitters. The method comprises the steps of doping, patterning, etching, and oxidizing the substrate, thereby forming the emitters having impurity gradients.
摘要翻译： 电子发射体和制造具有杂质浓度梯度的发射体的方法，使得最高浓度的杂质位于发射体的顶点，朝向发射体的基底减小。 该方法包括掺杂，图案化，蚀刻和氧化衬底的步骤，从而形成具有杂质梯度的发射体。
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公开(公告)号：US06657370B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09641521
申请日：2000-08-21
申请人： Joseph E. Geusic
发明人： Joseph E. Geusic
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H05G2/003 , B82Y10/00 , G03F7/70016 , G03F7/70033 , H01J9/18 , H01J61/09 , H01J61/30
摘要： A microcavity discharge device generates radiation with wavelengths in the range of from 11 to 14 nanometers. The device has a semiconductor plug, a dielectric layer, and an anode layer. A microcavity extends completely through the anode and dielectric layers and partially into the semiconductor plug. According to one aspect of the invention, a substrate layer has an aperture aligned with the microcavity. The microcavity is filled with a discharge gas under pressure which is excited by a combination of constant DC current and a pulsed current to produce radiation of the desired wavelength. The radiation is emitted through the base of the microcavity. A second embodiment has a metal layer which transmits radiation with wavelengths in the range of from 11 to 12 nanometers, and which excludes longer wavelengths from the emitted beam.
摘要翻译： 微腔放电装置产生波长在11至14纳米范围内的辐射。 该器件具有半导体插头，电介质层和阳极层。 微腔完全延伸穿过阳极和电介质层，并部分地延伸到半导体插头中。 根据本发明的一个方面，基底层具有与微腔对准的孔。 微腔内填充有压力下的放电气体，该放电气体通过恒定直流电流和脉冲电流的组合激发，以产生所需波长的辐射。 辐射通过微腔的底部发射。 第二实施例具有传输波长在11至12纳米范围内的辐射的金属层，并且其不包括来自发射光束的较长波长。
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公开(公告)号：US06794820B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US09585444
申请日：2000-06-02
申请人： Jung Won Kang , Oe Dong Kim
发明人： Jung Won Kang , Oe Dong Kim
IPC分类号： H01J116
摘要： A radio frequency plasma display panel that is capable of reducing a discharge voltage. In the plasma display panel, a dielectric material is entirely coated on a substrate and is patterned to have a convex surface. A first electrode crossing the dielectric pattern is formed on the substrate, and a dielectric layer is entirely coated on the substrate provided with the dielectric pattern and the first electrode. A second electrode crossing the first electrode is formed on a concave groove area in the dielectric layer having a wave shape with lands and grooves.
摘要翻译： 能够降低放电电压的射频等离子体显示面板。 在等离子体显示面板中，电介质材料被完全涂覆在基板上并被图案化以具有凸面。 在基板上形成与介质图案交叉的第一电极，并且在设置有电介质图案和第一电极的基板上整体地涂布电介质层。 与第一电极交叉的第二电极形成在具有焊盘和沟槽的波形的电介质层的凹槽区域上。
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公开(公告)号：US06353290B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US08611899
申请日：1996-03-06
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H03G11/002 , H01J1/304 , H01T4/12
摘要： An apparatus using field emission techniques to limit voltage on RF transmission lines. A voltage limiter comprises a cathode and an anode housed in an airtight tube, whereby the cathode comprises a field emitter array having a plurality of field tips distributed about the surface of an insulating layer, and a microstrip transmission line overlying the insulating layer and having a predetermined width to form electrical contact with a selected group of the field tips. The microstrip transmission line enables propagation of electromagnetic microwave energy over a bandwidth of multiple octaves. The field emitters enable the generation of a flow of electrons at a predetermined breakdown threshold voltage, without the necessity for an external source to induce electron flow. Generation of the electron flow by the field tips creates a reflection wave on the transmission line that interferes with the incident electromagnetic energy to limit the voltage on the transmission line.
摘要翻译： 使用场发射技术来限制RF传输线上的电压的装置。 电压限制器包括阴极和负极，该阴极和阳极容纳在气密管中，由此阴极包括具有围绕绝缘层的表面分布的多个场尖的场发射器阵列和覆盖绝缘层的微带传输线， 预定宽度以与所选择的一组场提示形成电接触。 微带传输线能够在多个八度的带宽上传播电磁微波能量。 场发射器能够以预定的击穿阈值电压产生电子流，而不需要外部源来诱导电子流。 通过场尖产生电子流在传输线上产生干扰入射电磁能的反射波，以限制传输线上的电压。
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公开(公告)号：US06771013B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US09981663
申请日：2001-10-16
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H01J37/073 , H01J1/15 , H01J1/304 , H01J2237/06316 , H01J2237/06341
摘要： A low input power consumption, compact thermal field emitter is suitable for use in electron beam systems, particularly those systems that use an array of electron beams or a miniature electron beam system. The thermal field emitter design reduces heat loss by reducing heat transfer to the base. To achieve reduced loses the design incorporates the use of high electrical resistivity, low thermal conductivity materials for construction of the filament posts and the filaments. Such materials further reduce heat loss and reduce input current requirements. In one embodiment, the base includes counterbores that reduce the heat conduction path between the filament posts and the base, and moves the contact area further from the filament.
摘要翻译： 低输入功率消耗，紧凑的热场发射器适用于电子束系统，特别是那些使用电子束阵列或微型电子束系统的系统。 热场发射器设计通过减少对基座的传热来减少热损失。 为了实现减少的损失，设计结合使用高电阻率，低导热性材料用于构造细丝柱和细丝。 这样的材料进一步减少热损失并减少输入电流要求。 在一个实施例中，底座包括减小灯丝柱和基座之间的热传导路径并使接触区域从灯丝进一步移动的沉孔。
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公开(公告)号：US06680562B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-20
申请号：US09639451
申请日：2000-08-15
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H01J1/15
摘要： A electron emission cathode includes an emitter having an apex from which electrons are emitted. The emitter is attached to a heating filament at a junction and extends from the junction both forward toward the apex and rearward. A reservoir of material that lowers the work function of the emitter is positioned on the rearward extending portion of the emitter. By positioning the reservoir on the rearward extending portion, the reservoir can be positioned sufficiently far from the junction to reduce its temperature and thereby greatly increase the useful life, of the emitter without adversely affected the emission characteristics of the source.
摘要翻译： 电子发射阴极包括具有从其发射电子的顶点的发射体。 发射器在接合处附接到加热丝，并且从接头向前朝向顶点和向后延伸。 降低发射器的功函数的材料储存器位于发射器的向后延伸部分上。 通过将储存器定位在向后延伸部分上，储存器可以被定位成足够远离结点以降低其温度，从而大大增加发射器的使用寿命而不会不利地影响源的发射特性。
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公开(公告)号：US06373175B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US07731409
申请日：1991-07-10
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H01J21/105
摘要： A high-speed field emission vacuum switching device comprises a cathode tip formed on a substrate, an extraction grid close to the cathode tip, and a modulator grid spaced from the cathode tip by a dielectric layer. The grids have apertures aligned with the cathode tip. An anode is spaced from the modulator grid by a dielectric layer. By use of the modulator grid, a substantial improvement in high-frequency switching performance can be achieved. A collector grid may be provided between the extraction grid and the modulator grid, and a cut-off grid may be disposed between the modulator and collector grids.
摘要翻译： 一种高速场致发射真空开关装置，包括形成在基板上的阴极尖端，靠近阴极尖端的提取栅格，以及通过电介质层与阴极尖端隔开的调制栅。 栅格具有与阴极尖端对准的孔。 阳极通过介电层与调制器栅格间隔开。 通过使用调制器电网，可以实现高频开关性能的显着提高。 可以在提取格栅和调制器栅格之间设置收集器栅格，并且可以在调制器和收集器栅极之间设置截止栅格。
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公开(公告)号：US06297586B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09263217
申请日：1999-03-05
申请人： Kazuya Nakayama , Tadashi Sakai , Naoshi Sakuma , Tomio Ono
发明人： Kazuya Nakayama , Tadashi Sakai , Naoshi Sakuma , Tomio Ono
IPC分类号： H01J116
CPC分类号： H01J21/105 , H01J1/3044
摘要： Disclosed herein are a cold-cathode power switching device and a method of manufacturing the same. The device has a high voltage resistance and can be manufactured with high yield though its element area is large to control large currents. In the method, arrays of miniature emitters are prepared, and the emitter arrays are adhered to a conductive substrate having trenches. The conductive substrate is cut along the trenches, forming a plurality of substrates. The gaps between these substrates are filled with insulating resin. As a result, a multi-module power switching device for controlling large currents is manufactured with high yield. Further, cold-cathode modules, each having a gate pad, are arranged on a cathode electrode made of a conducive substrate, insulating strips are formed on the cathode electrode, gate lines are formed on the insulating strips, and the gate pads are connected to the gate lines. The electrons emitted from the modules can be controlled at a time. Each module may have a cathode pad connected to a cathode line. Depressions are made in those part of an anode electrode which oppose the gate pads and cathode pads, providing a sufficient insulation distance between each emitter and the anode electrode. Hence, a cold-cathode power switching device of field emission type can be provided which has a high voltage resistance.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种冷阴极电力开关装置及其制造方法。 该器件具有高耐压性，并且可以以高产率制造，尽管其元件面积大以控制大电流。 在该方法中，制备微型发射体的阵列，并且发射极阵列粘附到具有沟槽的导电衬底上。 沿着沟槽切割导电衬底，形成多个衬底。 这些基板之间的间隙用绝缘树脂填充。 结果，以高产率制造用于控制大电流的多模块功率开关装置。 此外，在由导电基板制成的阴极上配置有具有栅极焊盘的冷阴极模块，在阴极上形成绝缘条，在绝缘条上形成栅极线，栅极连接到 门线。 可以一次控制从模块发射的电子。 每个模块可以具有连接到阴极线的阴极焊盘。 在与栅极焊盘和阴极焊盘相对的阳极电极的那些部分进行抑制，从而在每个发射极和阳极电极之间提供足够的绝缘距离。 因此，可以提供具有高耐电压性的场致发射型冷阴极功率开关器件。
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