Abstract:
The chloride retention of an alumina catalyst over the course of operation and regeneration can be controlled and stabilized by incorporating a small amount of a component selected from the group including phosphorus, boron, titanium, silicon, and zirconium. Steam treatments have been used to simulate commercial hydrothermal stability and a small amount of the stabilizer component has been discovered which balances chloride retention. Moreover, in a multi-catalyst hydrocarbon conversion process, such as the two-step reforming of naphtha, it has been discovered that proper selection of a catalyst having lower chloride retention in combination with another catalyst having higher chloride retention results in a process with increased yield and/or higher octane gasoline.
Abstract:
A process for increasing a yield of an isomerization zone by removing at least a portion of the C 6 cyclic hydrocarbons from a stream having iC 4 hydrocarbons, iC 5 hydrocarbons, and iC 6 hydrocarbons prior to the stream being passed into the same isomerization zone. Suppression of the iC 4 hydrocarbons does not occur, allowing the iC 4 hydrocarbons to be isomerized in the same isomerization zone as the iC 5 hydrocarbons and iC 6 hydrocarbons.
Abstract:
A process for increasing a yield of an isomerization zone by removing at least a portion of the C 6 cyclic hydrocarbons from a stream prior to it being passed into the isomerization zone. Additionally, disproportionation reactions occur producing valuable C 3 hydrocarbons and C 4 hydrocarbons. Also, a higher ring opening conversion of C 5 cyclic hydrocarbons is observed.
Abstract:
One embodiment is a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, a lanthanide-series metal, and a support. Generally, an average bulk density of the catalyst is 0.300 to 1.00 gram per cubic centimeter. The catalyst has a platinum content of less than 0.375 wt%, a tin content of 0.1 to 2 wt%, a potassium content of 100 to 600 wppm, and a cerium content of 0.1 to 1 wt%. The lanthanide-series metal can be distributed at a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal in a 100 micron surface layer of the catalyst less than two times a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal at a central core of the catalyst.
Abstract:
One exemplary embodiment can be a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, at least two alkali metals or at least two alkaline earth metals, or mixtures of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and a support.
Abstract:
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves increasing the processing temperatures in the reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize advantages in the equilibriums, but require modifications to prevent increasing thermal cracking and to prevent increases in coking. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.