摘要:
Forward osmosis membranes having a hydrophilic support layer and a polyamide rejection layer in a thin film composite membrane are considered. Preferred support layer materials include aramid polymers and PVDF. A woven or non-woven mesh can be incorporated into the support layer to improve handling properties of the membrane. Flat sheet and hollow fiber configurations are possible. Antifouling techniques are provided. The polyamide layer can be formed on the hydrophilic support layer by interfacial polymerization. Applications include forward osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis applications, such as industrial product and/or waste concentration, hydration bags, energy/pressure generation, and controlled delivery of chemicals (e.g., for pharmaceutical applications).
摘要:
The invention is directed to an antimicrobial membrane, to a method for preparing said antimicrobial membrane, to a process of operating said antimicrobial membrane, and to uses of said antimicrobial membrane. The antimicrobial membrane of the invention comprises on at least one side of the membrane a multilayer coating, said multilayer coating having alternate polycation and polyanion layers, wherein one or more polycation layers and one or more polyanion layers comprise metal nanoparticles having antimicrobial activity, wherein i) said metal nanoparticles comprise silver; and ii) at least 75 wt.% of said metal is present in a reduced form.
摘要:
Selective retaining a relatively hydrophilic molecule from a mixture of a relatively hydrophobic molecule and the relatively hydrophilic molecule can be achieved using a hydrophobic, microporous hybrid membrane based on silica, wherein at least 25 % of the silicon atoms is bound to a bridging C 1 -C 12 -hyrdocarbylene group. The average number of carbon atoms of the bridging groups and any additional monovalent organic groups, taken together, is at least 3.5. The membrane can be part of a production facility for separating alcohol/water mixtures.
摘要:
The present invention provides a nanoparticle-filled polymer comprising one or more nanoparticles dispersed within the one or more polymeric materials, wherein the one or more nanoparticles have a diameter of between 0.1 nm and 100 nm, wherein the nanoparticle-filled rubbery polymer behaves as a nanocomposite exhibiting higher permeability than the native polymer membrane.
摘要:
Thin film composite, TFC, membranes for use in forward and reverse osmosis may include mono- and/or di- hydrolyzed TMC and/or nanoparticles, alkaline earth alkaline metal complexes or other additives and/or nanoparticles. Specific concentration and ratio ranges of components used for interfacial polymerization may be used to enhance the flux increase and/or limit the rejection decrease in these membranes and/or reduce fouling. Techniques are provided for determining the usefulness of particular additives and the best ranges of concentration for both membrane improvement and membrane fabrication repeatability based on non-linearities identified in the effects of the additives on flux and rejection.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a method of making, compositions and method of using high performance UV cross-linked polymer functionalized molecular sieve/polymer mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with either no macrovoids or voids of less than several angstroms at the interface of the polymer matrix and the molecular sieves. These UV cross-linked MMMs are prepared by incorporating polymer functionalized molecular sieves into a continuous UV cross-linkable polyimide polymer matrix followed by UV cross-linking. The UV cross-linked MMMs in the form of symmetric dense film, asymmetric flat sheet membrane, or asymmetric hollow fiber membranes have good flexibility, high mechanical strength, and exhibit significantly enhanced selectivity and permeability over polymer membranes made from corresponding continuous polyimide polymer matrices for carbon dioxide/methane and hydrogen/methane separations. The MMMs are suitable for a variety of liquid, gas, and vapor separations.
摘要:
The present invention provides a new composite material comprising a polymer matrix comprising dispersed molecular sieve porous particles of which at least part are hollow particles, meaning that the particles comprise a shell enclosing cavities, of which the volume is at least two times larger than the average volume of the pores comprised in the shell of such particle. The invention further relates to membranes comprising such materials as well as the use of such membranes.
摘要:
A method of forming a liquid composite composition comprising: providing a solvent composition comprising: an organic solvent; dispersed nanoparticles; and a non-volatile liquid; applying said solvent composition to a substrate; and removing said solvent to form said liquid composite composition.
摘要:
Novel brominated poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) compounds are synthesized and found to have improved carbon dioxide separation properties, including improved carbon dioxide permeability and improved carbon dioxide/nitrogen selectivity. silica filler
摘要:
The instant invention is directed to improved separator systems suitable for use in lithium batteries. The current invention provides a microporous separator having extremely high air permeability, low shutdown temperatures and high integrity. The separator comprises UHMW polyethylene and a titanium oxide (TiO2) particulate filler.