Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotic separation systems and methods. More particularly, one or more aspects of the invention involve the use of osmotically driven membrane processes, such as forward osmosis, to separate solutes from aqueous solutions and systems and methods for maximizing solvent and/or solute recovery.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotically driven membrane processes and more particularly to draw solutions and draw solute recovery techniques for osmotically driven membrane processes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to membrane modules and applications therefor. In particular, the invention relates to the construction of membrane modules for use in forward osmosis, heat exchange, and distillation processes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to improving flux in osmotically driven membrane systems by promoting and controlling the growth of biofilms on a surface of the membrane.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for the storage of potential energy that may be readily converted to electrical power delivered to a customer or grid distribution are disclosed. This method may involve the use of salinity gradients, or as they may be also described, osmotic pressure gradients or differences between two solutions, to produce hydraulic pressure in a concentrated solution, allowing for the generation of power.
Abstract:
The invention relates to osmotically driven membrane processes and systems and methods for recovering draw solutes in the osmotically driven membrane processes. Osmotically driven membrane processes involve the extraction of a solvent from a first solution by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Draw solute recovery may be carried out by various means to recover and recycle draw solutes contained within a diluted second solution and obtain a product solvent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to osmotically driven membrane processes and systems and methods for recovering draw solutes in the osmotically driven membrane processes. Osmotically driven membrane processes involve the extraction of a solvent from a first solution by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi -permeable membrane. Draw solute recovery may be carried out by various means to recover and recycle draw solutes contained within a diluted second solution and obtain a product solvent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to repairing and/or modifying a surface of a membrane in osmotically driven membrane systems by the introduction of one or more substances to the membrane.
Abstract:
Separation processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane.
Abstract:
Separation systems and processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed and generally involve the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. These systems and processes involve the integration of the osmotically driven membrane systems, such as forward osmosis, with renewable energy sources, such as solar thermal power plants or geothermal installations for the recovery of draw solutes.