Abstract:
The invention relates to repairing and/or modifying a surface of a membrane in osmotically driven membrane systems by the introduction of one or more substances to the membrane.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotically driven membrane systems and processes and more particularly to systems and processes for handling feed streams without pretreatment and increased brine concentration for zero liquid discharge, including forward osmosis separation (FO), direct osmotic concentration (DOC), pressure-assisted forward osmosis (PAFO), and pressure retarded osmosis(PRO). The system includes: a plurality of forward osmosis units, each having a semi-permeable membrane assembly and a tank; and a separation system in fluid communication with the plurality of forward osmosis units and configured to separate the dilute draw solution into the concentrated draw solution and a solvent system.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotic separation systems and methods. More particularly, one or more aspects of the invention involve the use of osmotically driven membrane processes, such as forward osmosis, to separate solutes from aqueous solutions and systems and methods for maximizing solvent and/or solute recovery.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotically driven membrane processes and more particularly to draw solutions and draw solute recovery techniques for osmotically driven membrane processes.
Abstract:
Separation processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate a solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Pre-treatment and post-treatment may also enhance the osmotically driven membrane processes.
Abstract:
Separation processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane.
Abstract:
A system feed inlet is connected to a forward osmosis (FO) element bank. A system feed transfer directs fluid flow from the FO element bank through a system feed outlet to a second FO element bank through a system feed inlet. A system draw transfer directs indirect fluid flow from the second FO element bank to the first FO element bank.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotically driven membrane systems and processes and more particularly to increased brine concentration for zero liquid discharge using osmotically driven membrane systems and processes and the related draw solute recovery techniques for the osmotically driven membrane systems and processes.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to osmotically driven membrane systems and processes and more particularly to integrating these systems and process with a Solvay process to provide a brine feedstock with an increased concentration and modified composition to improve the soda ash production process.