公开(公告)号：WO2003073809A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2002/027988

申请日：2002-09-03

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC.

Inventor： GOERGEN, Joel, R. ,  ARMESTEAD, Ashby ,  HUNT, Greg

IPC: H05K1/02

CPC classification number: H05K1/0245 ,  H05K1/0228 ,  H05K1/0248 ,  H05K1/0298 ,  H05K7/1459 ,  H05K2201/044 ,  H05K2201/09236 ,  H05K2201/09263

Abstract: A high-speed router backplane is disclosed. The disclosed construction and layout techniques enable the construction of a reliable, high-layer-count, and economical backplane for routers and the like that use signaling across the backplane at trace speeds of 2.5 Gbps or greater. Specific ranges of differential trace geometry characteristics, with significant single-ended coupling to adjacent ground planes, have been found to provide the parameters needed for such signaling. New trace routing and layering techniques also help in the realization of a backplane embodiment containing roughly 600 operable high-speed differential pairs, while also providing sufficient electromagnetic interference management to allow power distribution to occur within the same backplane.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高速路由器背板。 所公开的结构和布局技术使得能够构建用于路由器等的可靠，高层次和经济的背板，其以2.5Gbps或更大的跟踪速度在背板上使用信令。 已经发现具有显着的单端耦合到相邻接地层的差分迹线几何特征的特定范围提供了这种信号所需的参数。 新的跟踪路由和分层技术还有助于实现包含大约600个可操作的高速差分对的背板实施例，同时还提供足够的电磁干扰管理以允许在同一背板内发生功率分配。

公开(公告)号：WO2009017800A2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：PCT/US2008009270

申请日：2008-07-31

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS INC

Inventor： GOERGEN JOEL R ,  SUBRAMANIAN KRISHNAMURTHY ,  GUI ANN

IPC: H04L25/03

CPC classification number: H04L25/03866 ,  H04L7/04 ,  H04L25/14 ,  H04L25/4908

Abstract: In one embodiment, a hybrid backplane coding scheme transmits data using lengthy sequences of scrambled data, separated by 8b/ 10b control character sequences that prepare the receiver for the next scrambled sequence and permit realignment if necessary. Several lanes are coded separately in this manner, and then multiplexed on a common channel. Alignment sequences in the control character sequences, as well as scrambler seeds, are set to avoid synchronization of patterns generated among all lanes, which would tend to confuse a receiving serdes and/or phase-locked loop that recovers timing from the multiplexed scrambled signals.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，混合背板编码方案使用冗余的加扰数据序列来发送数据，该数据由8b / 10b控制字符序列分隔，其为下一个加扰序列准备接收机，并且如果需要则允许重新对准。 以这种方式分开编码几个通道，然后在公共信道上多路复用。 设置控制字符序列中的对准序列以及加扰器种子以避免在所有通道之间产生的模式的同步，这将趋向于混淆从多路复用的加扰信号恢复定时的接收serdes和/或锁相环路。

公开(公告)号：WO2009017800A3

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：PCT/US2008/009270

申请日：2008-07-31

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC.

Inventor： GOERGEN, Joel, R. ,  SUBRAMANIAN, Krishnamurthy ,  GUI, Ann

IPC: H04L25/03 ,  H04L25/49 ,  H04L25/14

Abstract: In one embodiment, a hybrid backplane coding scheme transmits data using lengthy sequences of scrambled data, separated by 8b/ 10b control character sequences that prepare the receiver for the next scrambled sequence and permit realignment if necessary. Several lanes are coded separately in this manner, and then multiplexed on a common channel. Alignment sequences in the control character sequences, as well as scrambler seeds, are set to avoid synchronization of patterns generated among all lanes, which would tend to confuse a receiving serdes and/or phase-locked loop that recovers timing from the multiplexed scrambled signals.

公开(公告)号：WO2003067906A2

公开(公告)日：2003-08-14

申请号：PCT/US2002/027999

申请日：2002-09-03

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC.

Inventor： GOERGEN, Joel, R.

IPC: H04Q1/10

CPC classification number: H05K1/0245 ,  H04Q1/03 ,  H04Q1/10 ,  H04Q1/155 ,  H04Q2201/12 ,  H05K3/4641 ,  H05K7/1459 ,  H05K2201/044 ,  H05K2201/09236 ,  H05K2201/09354 ,  H05K2201/09636

Abstract: A high-speed, high-power modular router is disclosed. As opposed to conventional designs using optical backplane signaling and/or bus bars for power distribution, the disclosed embodiments combine high-power, low-noise power distribution with high-speed signal routing in a common backplane. Disclosed backplane features allow backplane signaling at 2.5 Gbps or greater on electrical differential pairs distributed on multiple high-speed signaling layers. Relatively thick power distribution layers are embedded within the backplane, shielded from the high-speed signaling layers by digital ground layers and other shielding features. A router using such a backplane provides a level of performance and economy that is believed to be unattainable by the prior art.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高速，高功率模块化路由器。 与使用光学背板信号传输和/或母线进行配电的常规设计相反，所公开的实施例将高功率，低噪声功率分配与高速信号路由结合在公共背板中。 公开的背板功能允许在分布在多个高速信令层上的电气差分对上以2.5 Gbps或更高的背板信号传输。 相对较厚的配电层嵌入在背板内，通过数字接地层和其他屏蔽功能与高速信号层隔离。 使用这种背板的路由器提供了现有技术无法达到的性能和经济水平。

公开(公告)号：WO2012071423A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-31

申请号：PCT/US2011/061864

申请日：2011-11-22

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC. ,  ZINJUWADIA, Kalpesh ,  RAO, Srikanth

Inventor： ZINJUWADIA, Kalpesh ,  RAO, Srikanth

IPC: H04J1/10

CPC classification number: H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/021 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/745

Abstract: A packet network device includes a route processor that operates to maintain one or more forwarding tables and it includes one or more line cards that operate to process information received by the packet network device from the network and to forward the information to its correct destination. The route processor also operates to identify which incoming prefixes can be used to update the forwarding tables or to identify prefixes stored in the packet network device that can be redistributed from one network protocol to another network protocol running on the route processor. A table management function running on the route processor operates to identify the best match between an incoming prefix and information included in policy statement associated with both an ordered prefix-list and a radix tree structure.

Abstract translation: 分组网络设备包括操作以维护一个或多个转发表的路由处理器，并且其包括一个或多个线卡，其操作以处理由分组网络设备从网络接收的信息，并将信息转发到其正确的目的地。 路由处理器还用于识别哪些入站前缀可用于更新转发表，或者识别存储在分组网络设备中的可以从一个网络协议重新分配到在路由处理器上运行的另一个网络协议的前缀。 在路由处理器上运行的表管理功能用于识别输入前缀和包括在与有序前缀列表和基数树结构相关联的策略语句中的信息之间的最佳匹配。

公开(公告)号：WO2009023238A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-19

申请号：PCT/US2008009713

申请日：2008-08-13

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS INC

Inventor： GOERGEN JOEL R ,  HUNT GREG

IPC: H05K3/42 ,  H05K1/02

CPC classification number: H05K3/429 ,  H05K1/0216 ,  H05K1/0237 ,  H05K3/0047 ,  H05K2201/044 ,  H05K2201/09236 ,  H05K2201/09845 ,  H05K2203/0207 ,  H05K2203/0242 ,  H05K2203/175 ,  Y10T29/49165

Abstract: A high-speed router backplane is disclosed. The router backplane uses differential signal pairs on multiple signal layers, each sandwiched between a pair of digital ground layers. Thru- holes are used to connect the differential signal pairs to external components. To reduce routing complexity, at least some of the differential signal pairs route through a via pair, somewhere along their path, to a different signal layer. At least some of the thru-holes and vias are drilled to reduce an electrically conductive stub length portion of the hole. The drilled portion of a hole includes a transition from a first profile to a second profile to reduce radio frequency reflections from the end of the drilled hole.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高速路由器背板。 路由器背板在多个信号层上使用差分信号对，每个信号对夹在一对数字接地层之间。 通孔用于将差分信号对连接到外部组件。 为了降低路由复杂度，差分信号对中的至少一些在其路径的某处沿着不同的信号层路由通路对。 钻出至少一些通孔和通孔以减少孔的导电短截线长度部分。 孔的钻孔部分包括从第一轮廓到第二轮廓的转变，以减少从钻孔的端部的射频反射。

公开(公告)号：WO03073808A8

公开(公告)日：2005-04-07

申请号：PCT/US0227987

申请日：2002-09-03

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS INC

Inventor： GOERGEN JOEL R

IPC: H05K1/02 ,  H05K1/11 ,  H05K1/16 ,  H05K3/42 ,  H05K3/46 ,  H05K7/14

CPC classification number: H05K1/0245 ,  H05K1/0248 ,  H05K1/116 ,  H05K1/162 ,  H05K3/429 ,  H05K3/4641 ,  H05K7/1459 ,  H05K2201/09236 ,  H05K2201/09263 ,  H05K2201/09454 ,  H05K2201/09636 ,  H05K2201/09718

Abstract: A high-speed router backplane, and method for its fabrication, are disclosed. The backplane uses differential signaling trace pairs on multiple high-speed signaling layers, the high-speed signaling layers separated by ground planes. Plated signaling thru-holes connect the trace pairs to the board surface for connection to external components. The signaling thru-holes pass through clearances in each ground plane. At selected ground planes, a conductive pad is patterned within each high-speed signaling thru-hole clearance, the pad slightly larger than the thru-hole diameter. The pads affect the impedance characteristics of the thru-holes, thus providing a better impedance match to the differential trace pairs, reducing signal reflections, and improving the ability to signal across the backplane at high speeds.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高速路由器背板及其制造方法。 背板在多个高速信号层上使用差分信令跟踪对，高速信号层由接地层分开。 电镀信号通孔将走线对连接到电路板表面，以连接到外部组件。 信号通孔穿过每个接地平面内的间隙。 在选定的接地平面，每个高速信号通孔间隙内的导电焊盘都被图案化，焊盘略大于通孔直径。 这些焊盘影响通孔的阻抗特性，从而为差分走线对提供更好的阻抗匹配，减少信号反射，并提高高速信号跨背板的能力。

公开(公告)号：WO2012071430A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-31

申请号：PCT/US2011/061883

申请日：2011-11-22

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC. ,  KHETAN, Vikas ,  SHETTY, Hitha

Inventor： KHETAN, Vikas ,  SHETTY, Hitha

IPC: H04L1/00

CPC classification number: H04L45/00 ,  H04L12/4641 ,  H04L49/3009 ,  H04L49/354 ,  H04L49/555 ,  H04L49/557

Abstract: A packet network device includes a control module, one or more line cards each one or which includes a plurality of ingress and egress ports, and each of the ingress and egress ports are connected to external network links. The line cards maintain forwarding tables and include functionality that employs information in the forwarding tables to determine how incoming packets of information should be forwarded. The control module includes functionality that operates to learn reachability information about other devices connected to the network that are and to use this reachability information to update forwarding tables maintained on the line cards. The control module also includes an enhance ARP functionality that operates in cooperation with standard ARP functionality and other network protocols included on the control module to diminish the amount of data lost in the event that a link connected to one of the egress ports fails.

Abstract translation: 分组网络设备包括控制模块，一个或多个线卡，每个线卡或包括多个入口和出口端口，并且每个入口和出口端口连接到外部网络链路。 线路卡维护转发表，并且包括在转发表中采用信息的功能，以确定如何转发信息的传入。 控制模块包括用于学习关于连接到网络的其他设备的可达性信息的功能，并且使用该可达性信息来更新线路卡上维护的转发表。 控制模块还包括增强的ARP功能，其与标准ARP功能和包括在控制模块中的其他网络协议协同工作，以减少在连接到一个出口端口的链路出现故障的情况下丢失的数据量。

公开(公告)号：WO2003073812A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2002/027986

申请日：2002-09-03

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC.

Inventor： GOERGEN, Joel, R.

IPC: H05K3/46

CPC classification number: H05K3/4688 ,  H05K1/0218 ,  H05K1/024 ,  H05K1/0243 ,  H05K1/0271 ,  H05K1/116 ,  H05K3/382 ,  H05K3/429 ,  H05K3/4626 ,  H05K3/4641 ,  H05K2201/0209 ,  H05K2201/044 ,  H05K2201/0723 ,  H05K2201/09236 ,  H05K2201/093 ,  H05K2201/09309 ,  H05K2201/09318 ,  H05K2201/09327 ,  H05K2201/09354 ,  H05K2201/09381 ,  H05K2201/09454 ,  H05K2201/09636 ,  H05K2201/09663 ,  H05K2201/09718 ,  H05K2201/09781 ,  H05K2203/061 ,  Y10T29/49117 ,  Y10T29/49128 ,  Y10T29/49155 ,  Y10T29/49156 ,  Y10T29/49162 ,  Y10T29/49163 ,  Y10T29/49165

Abstract: The disclosed board fabrication techniques and design features enable the construction of a reliable, high-layer-count, and economical backplane for routers and the like that require a large number of signaling paths across the backplane at speeds of 2.5 Gbps or greater, as well as distribution of significant amounts of power to router components. The disclosed techniques and features allow relatively thick (e.g., three- or four-ounce copper) power distribution planes to be combined with large numbers of high-speed signaling layers in a common backplane. Using traditional techniques, such a construction would not be possible because of the number of layers required and the thickness of the power distribution layers. The disclosed embodiments use novel layer arrangements, material selection, processing techniques, and panel features to produce the desired high-speed layers and low-noise high-power distribution layers in a single mechanically stable board.

Abstract translation: 所公开的板制造技术和设计特征使得能够构建用于路由器等的可靠的，高层次的和经济的背板，其需要以2.5Gbps或更高的速度跨越背板的大量信令路径，以及 作为路由器组件的大量功率分配。 所公开的技术和特征允许相对较厚（例如，三或四盎司铜）功率分配平面与公共背板中的大量高速信号层组合。 使用传统技术，由于需要的层数和配电层的厚度，这种结构将是不可能的。 所公开的实施例使用新颖的层布置，材料选择，处理技术和面板特征来在单个机械稳定的板中产生期望的高速层和低噪声大功率分配层。

公开(公告)号：WO2003067944A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-14

申请号：PCT/US2002/027983

申请日：2002-09-03

Applicant: FORCE10 NETWORKS, INC.

Inventor： GOERGEN, Joel, R.

IPC: H05K1/02

CPC classification number: H05K3/4688 ,  H05K1/024 ,  H05K3/4641 ,  H05K2201/0195 ,  H05K2201/044 ,  H05K2201/0723 ,  H05K2201/09309

Abstract: A high-speed router backplane is disclosed. Because of the large number of high-speed conductive traces present in such a backplane, electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be a serious issue. And because such a router consumes significant amounts of power, some provision must exist (e.g., bus bars in the prior art) within the router for distributing power to the router components. In preferred embodiments, power distribution is accomplished using relatively thick (e.g., three- or four-ounce copper) power distribution planes within the same backplane used for high-speed signaling. To shield these planes from EMI, they are preferably placed near the center of the material stack, shielded from the signaling layers by adjacent digital ground planes. Also, where two power supply planes exist, the power supply planes are placed adjacent, further shielded by their respective power return planes. Each power distribution plane can also include a conductive guard ring to shield that plane from EMI injected at the board edges. And where the backplane includes both high-speed and lower speed signaling traces, at least some lower speed signaling traces are placed on signaling layers, designated as low-speed, that are closest to the power distribution planes.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高速路由器背板。 由于这种背板中存在大量高速导电迹线，电磁干扰（EMI）可能是一个严重的问题。 并且因为这样的路由器消耗大量的功率，所以在路由器内必须存在一些设备（例如，现有技术中的汇流条），以将功率分配给路由器组件。 在优选实施例中，使用在用于高速信号的相同底板内的相对较厚（例如，三或四盎司铜）功率分布平面来实现功率分配。 为了屏蔽这些平面与EMI，它们优选放置在材料堆叠的中心附近，通过相邻的数字接地层与信号层屏蔽。 此外，在存在两个电源平面的情况下，电源平面被放置在相邻的位置，被其各自的功率返回平面进一步屏蔽。 每个配电平面还可以包括导电保护环，以将该平面与在板边缘处注入的EMI屏蔽。 并且在背板包括高速和低速信令迹线的地方，至少一些较低速度的信令迹线被放置在最接近配电平面的信号层（被称为低速）上。