Abstract:
An apparatus and a method for cavitating a mixture of a fuel and an additive are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a cavitation stream, the cavitation stream comprising a counter jet device, a jet stroke device and a swirling cavitation device. A mixture of a fuel and additive is arranged to pass through the cavitation stream, wherein the mixture undergoes wave and cavitation processing in the swirling cavitation device. The cavitation apparatus further comprises a resonance chamber and a homogenizer, into which the wave and cavitated mixture is passed to obtain an emulsion of improved homogeneity from an outlet of the homogenizer.
Abstract:
An optical head for an endoscope is fitted with an imaging system comprising a solid state imaging sensor and with an illuminating system comprising illuminating means, e.g. LED's. At least one illuminating means is defined by a parameter, which value is different from the value of the same parameter of the remaining illuminating means. Among the parameters are luminous intensity, luminous intensity distribution angle and direction of the longitudinal axis of the illuminating means.
Abstract:
There is provided herein an optical system for a tip section of a multi-sensor endoscope, the system comprising: a front-pointing camera sensor; a front objective lens system; a side-pointing camera sensor; and a side objective lens system, wherein at least one of said front and side objective lens systems comprises a front and a rear sub-systems seperated by a stop diaphragm,said front sub-system comprises, in order from the object side, a first front negative lens and a second front positive lens, said rear sub-system comprises, in order from the object side, a first rear positive lens, an achromatic sub-assembly comprising a second rear positive lens and a third rear negative lens, wherein the following condition is satisfied: f(first rear positive lens) ≤1.8f, where f is the composite focal length of the total lens system and f(first rear positive lens) is the focal length of said first rear positive lens.
Abstract:
An objective lens (30) for an endoscope comprises a front (41a) and a rear (41b) optical sub-system and an aperture stop (51) there between. The rear optical sub-system (41 b) comprises a compound achromatic component (LR2, LR3) and a rear positive lens (LR4) disposed between said component and the image plane of the system in close proximity to the image plane. The rear positive lens (LR4) satisfies the following condition: fR = 4f where f is the focal length of the total objective lens and fR is the focal length of the rear positive lens (LR4).
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods for the treatment of tumors, such as spinal metastases, using compositions that permit the introduction of chemotherapeutics intratumorally while concurrently visualizing the procedure. Thus, in certain embodiments, the invention concerns a composition comprising a chemotherapeutic, an alcohol and an iodinated contrast agent (e.g., iodouracil) that may be introduced into the tumor by direct injection through the aid of an imaging device, such as a CT scanner, x-ray machine, fluoroscope or the like. The ability to visualize drug solution permits the faithful introduction of the drug directly into the tumor, as opposed to surrounding tissues, which is enabled through the use of the contrast medium.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are small molecule, non-peptidyl inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases, and methods for their use. The instant inhibitors are based on a 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one nucleus. A compound represented by structural formula (I), where R1, R2 and R3 are independently described as Y bonded to W, where Y is a 0-6 atom straight or branched saturated or unsaturated chain group comprising C, N, O or S as shown in Table 1, and W is hydrogen or any three membered, four membered, five membered, six membered or fused bicyclic ring system comprising C, N, O or S as shown in Tables 4-9; X is separately and independently selected from Table 2; and salts of said compound. Methods are provided for inhibition of specific protein tyrosine kinases, for example pp60 . Methods are further provided for the use of these inhibitors in situations where the inhibition of a protein tyrosine kinase is indicated, for example, in the treatment of certain diseases in mammals, including humans.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for producing an emulsion of a fuel and an emulsifiable component are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a first cavitation chamber for receiving a first fluid, the first fluid being a first one of the fuel and the emulsifiable component, and wherein the apparatus is arranged to produce a swirling flow of the first fluid in the first cavitation chamber. The apparatus comprises a second cavitation chamber for receiving a second fluid, the second fluid being a second one of the fuel and the emulsifiable component, where the apparatus is arranged to produce a swirling flow of the second fluid in the second cavitation chamber. The first cavitation chamber further comprises an outlet and the first cavitation chamber, the outlet and the second cavitation chamber are arranged coaxially. The second cavitation chamber is arranged to receive the first fluid from the first cavitation chamber through the outlet.
Abstract:
A video endoscope (20) includes a generally rigid, elongate insertion member (22), having distal and proximal ends, and a video camera head (30) fixed at the distal end of the insertion member. A sheath (26) fits over and covers the insertion member, the sheath having a distal portion covering the video camera head, at least a section (36) of which distal portion is substantially transparent.
Abstract:
There is provided herein an optical system for a tip section of a multi-sensor endoscope, the system comprising: a front-pointing camera sensor; a front objective lens system; a side-pointing camera sensor; and a side objective lens system, wherein at least one of said front and side objective lens systems comprises a front and a rear sub-systems seperated by a stop diaphragm,said front sub-system comprises, in order from the object side, a first front negative lens and a second front positive lens, said rear sub-system comprises, in order from the object side, a first rear positive lens, an achromatic sub-assembly comprising a second rear positive lens and a third rear negative lens, wherein the following condition is satisfied: f(first rear positive lens) =1.8f, where f is the composite focal length of the total lens system and f(first rear positive lens) is the focal length of said first rear positive lens.