Abstract:
The invention provides luminescent solid-state compositions comprising difluoroboron beta-diketonates wherein the compositions can exhibit mechanochromic luminescence. The mechanochromic effect on the luminescence can be reversible, such as thermally reversible. Various solid-state forms of the invention can have emission spectra that differ from the properties of the respective difluoroboron beta-diketonate in solution. The mechanochromic effect can be stimulated by pressure such as handwriting, and can be reversed over a period of minutes to hours at room temperature. The invention also provides methods of making and methods of using the solid-state compositions, such as for sensors and for information displays for use in biological sensing, and in art, design, and consumer products. Compositions of the invention, such as compositions in nanoparticulate form, or contained within a matrix material, can be used in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy to provide information concerning pressures and tensions within and external to living cells, tissues, or organisms.
Abstract:
This invention relates to an Amorolfine HCl crystal, to its preparation, to its use in the preparation of antifungal drugs and to a pharmaceutical composition containing the Amorolfine HCl crystal.
Abstract:
The present invention provides in one aspect polymeric luminescent dye compounds having fluorescent properties, phosphorescent properties, or both fluorescent and phosphorescent properties.
Abstract:
The invention provides luminescent solid-state compositions comprising difluoroboron beta-diketonates wherein the compositions can exhibit mechanochromic luminescence. The mechanochromic effect on the luminescence can be reversible, such as thermally reversible. Various solid-state forms of the invention can have emission spectra that differ from the properties of the respective difluoroboron beta-diketonate in solution. The mechanochromic effect can be stimulated by pressure such as handwriting, and can be reversed over a period of minutes to hours at room temperature. The invention also provides methods of making and methods of using the solid-state compositions, such as for sensors and for information displays for use in biological sensing, and in art, design, and consumer products. Compositions of the invention, such as compositions in nanoparticulate form, or contained within a matrix material, can be used in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy to provide information concerning pressures and tensions within and external to living cells, tissues, or organisms.
Abstract:
A control system (Figure 4) for controlling regeneration of a DPF (42) comprises a favorable-condition-based control section (52), a regular control section (54), and a regeneration termination control section (56). Section (54) initiates regeneration when the actual soot loading (CDPF DELTA P) of the DPF becomes sufficiently large to mandate initiation of regeneration. Section (52) initiates regeneration when the actual soot loading (CDPF DELTA P) reaches an amount (SOOTLOADING) less than the amount at which section (54) mandates regeneration, provided that selected engine operating conditions (MFDES, ENGINE SPEED) disclose conditions favorable for regeneration. Section (56) terminates regeneration when soot loading (CDPF DELTA P) is reduced to some minimum amount (DELTA P MIN) or when conditions for continuing regeneration become unfavorable. By burning trapped soot during favorable conditions, the mandatory regeneration is postponed. This can lower the average amount of trapped soot in the CDPF, thereby lowering the average back-pressure on the engine (20).
Abstract:
A control system (Figure 4) for controlling regeneration of a DPF (42) comprises a favorable-condition-based control section (52), a regular control section (54), and a regeneration termination control section (56). Section (54) initiates regeneration when the actual soot loading (CDPF_DELTA_P) of the DPF becomes sufficiently large to mandate initiation of regeneration. Section (52) initiates regeneration when the actual soot loading (CDPF_DELTA_P) reaches an amount (SOOTLOADING) less than the amount at which section (54) mandates regeneration, provided that selected engine operating conditions (MFDES, ENGINE_SPEED) disclose conditions favorable for regeneration. Section (56) terminates regeneration when soot loading (CDPF_DELTA_P) is reduced to some minimum amount (DELTA_P_MIN) or when conditions for continuing regeneration become unfavorable. By burning trapped soot during favorable conditions, the mandatory regeneration is postponed. This can lower the average amount of trapped soot in the CDPF, thereby lowering the average back-pressure on the engine (20).
Abstract:
A remote power unit (1) for providing direct current power to a remote power receiver (2) in a direct current power system (4) is provided. A residual current protection circuit (12) comprises a first switch (13a), which opens a positive voltage rail (16a), and a second switch (13b), which open a negative voltage rail (16b). A first current sensor (14a) measures a first residual current between the first switch (13a) and the remote power receiver (2), while the first switch (13a) is closed and the second switch (13b) is opened. A second current sensor (14b) measures a second residual current between the second switch (13b) and the remote power receiver (2), while the second switch (13b) is closed and the first switch (13a) is open. A controller (15) detects a residual current event, if the first residual current and/or the second residual current are above a residual current threshold.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a HVDC system 100 and corresponding method 200 carried out by the system 100. The system 100 comprises a RPU 101 and at least one RPR 102 connected to the RPU 101 via two power lines 103. The RPU 101 comprises: a control circuit 104 configured to control at least a first RPU switch K3, wherein a HVDC voltage is supplied by the RPU 101 across the two power lines 103, if the first RPU switch K3 is turned ON, and a first determining unit 105 configured to determine a current I1/I2 flowing on a first power line 103a/103b of the two power lines 103. The RPR 102 includes: a control circuit 106 configured to periodically turn ON and OFF a first RPR switch Q1 with an on-time and an off-time in each of predetermined time periods, wherein no current flows through the RPR 102 on the two power lines 103, if the first RPR switch K3 is turned OFF. The control circuit 104 of the RPU 101 is configured to turn OFF the first RPU switch K3, if the current I1/I2 flowing on the first power line 103a/103b is below or equal to a first threshold value during a complete predetermined time period, or the current I1/I2 flowing on the first power line 103a/103b is above a second threshold value during a complete predetermined time period.
Abstract:
The present invention provides in one aspect polymeric luminescent dye compounds having fluorescent properties, phosphorescent properties, or both fluorescent and phosphorescent properties. The luminescent dye compounds and compositions can be used for oxygen sensing that can be conducted without the need for invasive techniques.
Abstract:
A circuit for detecting electrical shock hazard on a metal enclosure of an alternating current equipment is disclosed herein. The circuit include a voltage sample and rectifying module and a voltage comparison module, where the voltage sample and rectifying module is connected between a line conductor and the metal enclosure, and is configured to sample a line-to-enclosure sample voltage and rectify the line-to-enclosure sample voltage (V R,LE ); and output the rectified line-to-enclosure sample voltage (V R,LE ) to the voltage comparison module. The voltage comparison module is configured to compare the rectified line-to-enclosure sample voltage (V R,LE ) with a first threshold voltage, and to detect an electrical shock hazard on the metal enclosure when the rectified line-to-enclosure sample voltage (V R,LE ) is lower than the first threshold voltage.