公开(公告)号：WO2005113947A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：PCT/GB2005/050068

申请日：2005-05-17

Applicant: BRUNEL UNIVERSITY ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei ,  ZHAO, Hua

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei ,  ZHAO, Hua

IPC: F01L13/08

CPC classification number: F02D13/0226 ,  F02B21/00 ,  F02B23/04 ,  F02D13/0257 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/18

Abstract: A method is disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine of the type having an engine cylinder (10) with a reciprocating piston (20), first (24) and second (22) intake ports for admitting gas from an ambient air supply into the engine cylinder, first (14) and second (12) intake valves each arranged between a respective one of the intake ports and the engine cylinder, a non-return valve (32) arranged in the second (22) of the intake ports at a distance from the second intake valve (12) and oriented to allow gas to flow only towards the engine cylinder (10), and a variable valve actuating system for controlling the opening and closing of at least the second intake valve. In the method of the invention, in at least one operating mode of the engine, the second intake valve (12) is opened and closed, while the cylinder (10) is fully isolated from the ambient air, to permit gas transfer between the cylinder and an auxiliary chamber (30) temporarily defined by the part of the second intake port (22) lying between the second intake valve (12) and the non-return valve (32). The second intake valve (12) is opened at a time when the pressure in the auxiliary chamber (30) is greater than the pressure of the ambient air supply such that no gas escapes past the non-return valve (32).

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于操作具有发动机气缸（10）类型的内燃机的方法，所述发动机气缸具有往复活塞（20），第一（24）和第二（22）进气口，用于将气体从环境空气供给到发动机 气缸，第一（14）和第二（12）进气门，每个进气门分别设置在相应的一个进气口和发动机气缸之间;一个止回阀（32），其排列在进气口的第二（22） 并且被定向成允许气体仅朝向发动机气缸（10）流动，以及用于控制至少第二进气门的打开和关闭的可变气门致动系统。 在本发明的方法中，在发动机的至少一个操作模式中，第二进气门（12）打开和关闭，同时气缸（10）与环境空气完全隔离，以允许气缸 以及由位于第二进气门（12）和止回阀（32）之间的第二进气口（22）的部分临时限定的辅助室（30）。 在辅助室30中的压力大于环境空气供给的压力时，第二进气门12打开，使得没有气体逸出通过止回阀32。

公开(公告)号：WO2009106881A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-03

申请号：PCT/GB2009/050177

申请日：2009-02-23

Applicant: BRUNEL UNIVERSITY ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei ,  ZHAO, HUa

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei ,  ZHAO, HUa

IPC: F02B21/00 ,  F02B29/02 ,  F02D13/04 ,  F02N9/04

CPC classification number: F02B21/00 ,  F01L13/06 ,  F02B29/02 ,  F02D13/0226 ,  F02D13/04 ,  F02D41/0002 ,  F02D41/0005 ,  F02D41/0007 ,  F02D2041/001 ,  Y02T10/146 ,  Y02T10/42

Abstract: An engine for use in an air hybrid vehicle comprises at least one cylinder having a piston (20) defining a variable volume working chamber (10) and intake (12, 14) and exhaust (16) valves controlling the flow of air into and out of the working chamber. The cylinder is operable in any one of at least two modes, namely a first mode in which power is generated by burning fuel in the working chamber (10), and a second mode in which the cylinder acts to compress air drawn into the working chamber (10) and to store the compressed air in an air tank (36). The engine further comprises a non-return valve (32) in an intake port leading to an intake valve (12) of the cylinder so as to define an auxiliary chamber (30) in the intake port between the intake valve (12) and the non-return valve (32). A passage (24) connecting the auxiliary chamber (30) to the air tank (36) contains a valve (34) for controlling the flow of compressed air between the auxiliary chamber (30) and the air tank (36). In the invention, a stop (40) is provided which is operative to prevent full closure of the intake valve (12) when the engine is operating in the second mode, whereby the air compressed in the working chamber by the movement of the piston is admitted through the open intake valve (12) into the auxiliary chamber (30).

Abstract translation: 一种用于空气混合动力车辆的发动机包括至少一个气缸，其具有限定可变体积工作室（10）的活塞（20）和进气口（12,14）和排气（16）阀，所述气门控制空气流入和流出 的工作室。 气缸可以以至少两种模式中的任何一种操作，即通过在工作室（10）中燃烧燃料产生动力的第一模式，以及第二模式，其中气缸用于压缩被吸入到工作室中的空气 （10）并将压缩空气储存在空气罐（36）中。 发动机还包括在通向气缸的进气门（12）的进气口中的止回阀（32），以便在进气门（12）和进气门（12）之间的进气口中限定一个辅助室（30） 止回阀（32）。 将辅助室（30）连接到空气罐（36）的通道（24）包含用于控制辅助室（30）和空气罐（36）之间的压缩空气流的阀（34）。 在本发明中，提供了一种止动件（40），其能够在发动机以第二模式操作时防止进气门（12）完全关闭，从而通过活塞的运动在工作室内压缩的空气是 通过打开的进气门（12）进入辅助室（30）。

公开(公告)号：WO2007113507A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

申请号：PCT/GB2007/001165

申请日：2007-03-30

Applicant: THE UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX ,  UNIVERSITY OF BRIGHTON ,  UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON ,  IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE ,  BRUNEL UNIVERSITY ,  STOBART, Richard, Keith ,  PENG, Zhijun ,  CHAUDHARI, Anita, Raghunath ,  HEIKAL, Morgan, Raymond ,  MONAGHAN, Michael, Louis ,  LADOMMATOS, Nicos ,  HARDALUPAS, Ioannis ,  TAYLOR, Alexander, Marinos, Kriton, Peter ,  ZHAO, Hua ,  JIANG, Xi ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： STOBART, Richard, Keith ,  PENG, Zhijun ,  CHAUDHARI, Anita, Raghunath ,  HEIKAL, Morgan, Raymond ,  MONAGHAN, Michael, Louis ,  LADOMMATOS, Nicos ,  HARDALUPAS, Ioannis ,  TAYLOR, Alexander, Marinos, Kriton, Peter ,  ZHAO, Hua ,  JIANG, Xi ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/00 ,  B60L11/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/04 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04455 ,  H01M8/04805 ,  H01M8/04925 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2250/407 ,  Y02E60/563 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

Abstract: A power supply system comprises an internal combustion engine (1) and a fuel cell (2) arranged in series with each other, together with an appropriate fuel supply (6) and an air supply (3) for the fuel cell (2) and internal combustion engine (1). The stream of fuel gas (7) which is exhausted from the anode of the fuel cell (2) is provided as a fuel supply input to the fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine (1). The fuel cell (2) is controlled so as to control the composition of exhausted fuel supply stream (7) that is input from it into the internal combustion engine (1). This is achieved by controlling the fuel cell (2) to remove (consume) a desired amount of the combustible. material (fuel) in the fuel supplied to it, before that fuel is supplied to the internal combustion engine.

Abstract translation: 电源系统包括内燃机（1）和与燃料电池（2）的合适燃料供应（6）和空气供应（3）相互串联布置的燃料电池（2）和 内燃机（1）。 从燃料电池（2）的阳极排出的燃料气体（7）设置为作为内燃机（1）的燃料供给系统的燃料供给输入。 控制燃料电池（2）以控制从其输入到内燃机（1）中的排出的燃料供给流（7）的组成。 这是通过控制燃料电池（2）去除（消耗）所需量的可燃物来实现的。 燃料供应给内燃机之前的燃料中的材料（燃料）。

公开(公告)号：WO2002070875A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-12

申请号：PCT/GB2002/000818

申请日：2002-02-28

Applicant: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: F02B9/00

CPC classification number: F02B37/04 ,  F02B1/12 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F02B37/013 ,  F02B37/12 ,  F02B37/18 ,  F02B37/22 ,  F02B37/24 ,  F02D23/00 ,  Y02T10/144

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (10) is described that is operable under a low and medium power conditions with premixed charge controlled auto-ignition. In order to increase the upper power limit at which the engine may operate reliably with controlled auto-ignition, an exhaust-gas powered turbocharger (16) is provided to increase the exhaust back-pressure at the same time as increasing the intake pressure so as to enable the overall mass of the trapped charge to be increased while retaining a mass ratio of residual gases to fresh intake charge that is sufficient to support auto-ignition.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种内燃机（10），其可在低功率和中等功率条件下操作，并具有预混充电控制的自动点火。 为了增加发动机可控的自动点火可靠运行的上限功率限制，提供排气动力涡轮增压器（16），以在增加进气压力的同时增加排气背压，以便 以使残留气体的质量比保持在足以支持自动点火的新鲜摄入量的同时增加捕获的电荷的总质量。

公开(公告)号：WO2004080744A1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-23

申请号：PCT/GB2004/001018

申请日：2004-03-09

Applicant: MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: B60K6/12

CPC classification number: F02B21/00 ,  B60K3/02 ,  B60K6/12 ,  F01B17/02 ,  F02D17/023 ,  F04B41/04 ,  Y02T10/6208

Abstract: A regenerative air hybrid engine for a road transport vehicle is an internal combustion cycle engine having at least one cylinder (10) operating at coasting and deceleration as an air compressor compressing the air into a storage tand (30) while the intake and exhaust valves (16, 18) of the cylinder continue to operate normally in the absence of fuel, and wherein timed transfer of compressed air from the cylinder into the storage tank is performed in toe steps using a buffer chamber (32) connected to the cylinder and to the storage tand by timed first and second shut-off valves (26, 28). The same engine cylinder is also operated au cruising and acceleration as an air expander using high pressure air from the compressed air storage tank.

Abstract translation: 一种用于公路运输车辆的再生空气混合动力发动机是具有至少一个气缸（10）在作为空气压缩机将空气压缩到储存罐（30）中的空气压缩机中进行作动的内燃循环发动机，同时进气门和排气门 16，18）在没有燃料的情况下继续正常运行，并且其中使用连接到气缸的缓冲室（32）和使用压缩空气 通过定时的第一和第二截止阀（26,28）进行储存。 同样的发动机气缸还可以使用来自压缩空气储罐的高压空气作为空气膨胀器进行自动巡航和加速操作。

公开(公告)号：WO2004059155A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-15

申请号：PCT/GB2003/005713

申请日：2003-12-23

Applicant: MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: F02G1/043

CPC classification number: F02G1/057 ,  F02G1/043 ,  F02G2242/30 ,  F02G2243/30 ,  F02G2270/85 ,  F04B39/06 ,  F05C2201/0412 ,  F05C2203/08

Abstract: A reciprocating gas compressor is described operating according to an extended cycle of 4, 6 or more strokes, wherein the first two strokes are sequential induction and compression strokes using a low pressure gas as working fluid and compressing it to a high pressure gas, and the remaining strokes are pairs of sequential filling and emptying strokes using more of the low pressure gas as heat transfer fluid for transferring heat from inside the gas compressor to outside the gas compressor. The gas compressor also contains an in-cylinder heat regenerator for absorbing heat from the compressed gas and releasing heat to the heat transfer fluid thus achieving near-isothermal compression. Using parallel principles, a reciprocating gas expander is also described for achieving near-isothermal expansion. Also described are reciprocating machines using the near-isothermal gas compressor and near-isothermal gas expander in combination according to the Ericsson heat engine cycle, the Stirling heat engine cycle and the Stirling refrigeration cycle.

Abstract translation: 描述的往复式气体压缩机根据4,6或更多冲程的延伸循环进行操作，其中前两个冲程是使用低压气体作为工作流体并将其压缩成高压气体的顺序感应和压缩冲程，并且 剩余的冲程是使用更多的低压气体作为用于将热量从气体压缩机内部传递到气体压缩机外部的传热流体的顺序填充和排空冲程的对。 气体压缩机还包含一个缸内热量再生器，用于吸收来自压缩气体的热量并将热释放到传热流体上，从而实现近等温压缩。 使用平行原理，还描述了一种往复式气体膨胀机，用于实现近等温膨胀。 还描述了根据爱立信热机循环，斯特林热机循环和斯特林制冷循环，组合使用近等温气体压缩机和近等温气体膨胀机的往复运动机。

公开(公告)号：WO2003002857A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-09

申请号：PCT/GB2002/002689

申请日：2002-06-13

Applicant: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: F02B11/00

CPC classification number: F02D13/0261 ,  F02B1/12 ,  F02B47/08 ,  F02D41/006 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02D2041/001 ,  F02M26/01 ,  Y02T10/18 ,  Y02T10/47

Abstract: A four stroke spark ignition internal combustion engine (10) is de scribed that is capable of operating in a controlled auto-ignition mode. When an engine cylinder is operated in the controlled auto-ignition mode, the exhaust valve is opened during substantially the whole of the exhaust stroke and maintained open for substantially the whole of the intake stroke. While the intake valve is opened during the intake stroke, the charge is admitted into the cylinder in two streams, one stream comprising exhaust gases entering the cylinder from the exhaust system and the other stream comprising a fresh air charge being admitted through the intake system.

Abstract translation: 四冲程火花点火内燃机（10）被描绘为能够以受控自动点火模式操作。 当发动机气缸在受控自动点火模式下操作时，排气门在大体上整个排气冲程期间打开，并且基本上保持打开大体上整个进气冲程。 当进气门在进气冲程期间打开时，进料气体以两股流进入气缸，一个气流包括排气从排气系统进入气缸，另一个气流包括通过进气系统进入的新鲜空气。

公开(公告)号：WO2002073014A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-19

申请号：PCT/GB2002/000831

申请日：2002-02-28

Applicant: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: F02B69/06

CPC classification number: F02D13/0215 ,  F02B1/12 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B69/06 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/027 ,  F02D13/0253 ,  F02D13/0261 ,  F02D13/028 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02M26/01 ,  Y02T10/18

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is disclosed having exhaust 16 and intake 14 poppet valves in which the valve events relative to the rotation of the engine crankshaft are selectable such that the engine may be switched between a two-stroke mode and a four-stroke mode. In the invention, when the engine is operating under low load conditions in the two-stroke mode, the exhaust 16 and intake 14 valve events are timed to occur consecutively with little or no overlap between them. The resulting poor scavenging of burnt gases serves to retain a sufficient proportion of hot residual gases in the combustion chamber to support controlled auto-ignition.nition.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有排气16和进气14提升阀的内燃机，其中相对于发动机曲轴的旋转的阀事件是可选择的，使得发动机可以在二冲程模式和四冲程模式之间切换。 在本发明中，当发动机在二冲程模式的低负载条件下运行时，排气16和进气14阀门事件被定时连续地发生，它们之间很少或没有重叠。 所产生的不良清除燃烧气体用于在燃烧室中保留足够比例的热残余气体以支持受控自动点火。

公开(公告)号：WO2011095794A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-11

申请号：PCT/GB2011/050140

申请日：2011-01-28

Applicant: MA (INNOVATION) 2T4 LIMITED ,  MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

Inventor： MA, Thomas, Tsoi-Hei

IPC: F02B37/18 ,  F17C1/04 ,  F17C5/06

CPC classification number: F17C1/00 ,  F02B21/02 ,  F02B33/00 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F17C2201/0142 ,  F17C2201/018 ,  F17C2201/0195 ,  F17C2201/056 ,  F17C2203/0619 ,  F17C2221/031 ,  F17C2223/0123 ,  F17C2223/035 ,  F17C2250/0482 ,  F17C2260/046 ,  F17C2265/066 ,  F17C2270/0168

Abstract: A gas storage tank is described comprising at least one inflatable bellows (20) confined within a casing (22) and preloaded to extend in length when the gas pressure within the bellows (20) exceeds a predetermined value above the ambient pressure as gases are blown into the bellows (20). The casing (22) has diverging sides (24) guiding the extending bellows (20) and is closed off by a moveable end wall (26) held against the extending bellows (20) by a spring (28), the end wall (26) having adjustable dimensions matching and closing off the widening opening of the diverging sides (24) as the bellows (20) extends against the spring (28).

Abstract translation: 描述了一种储气罐，其包括限制在壳体（22）内的至少一个充气波纹管（20），并且当气体吹出时，当波纹管（20）内的气体压力超过高于环境压力的预定值时，其被预加载以延长 进入风箱（20）。 壳体（22）具有引导延伸波纹管（20）的发散侧（24），并且通过弹簧（28）被可伸展的端壁（26）封闭，该端壁由弹性件（28），所述端壁 ）具有可变尺寸，当波纹管（20）抵靠弹簧（28）延伸时，尺寸匹配并且关闭发散侧面（24）的加宽开口。