Abstract:
A method for preparing a dispersion of nanoparticles of a solid organic dye or pigment in a liquid carrier, the method comprising forming a solution or slurry of the solid organic dye or pigment in an organic or other solvent, and continuously mixing the solution or slurry with the liquid carrier in a counter current or concurrent mixing reactor providing a dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid carrier and solvent mixture and, optionally concentrating the dispersion.
Abstract:
Provided is a method of producing isolated graphene sheets, comprising: (a) providing a reacting slurry containing a mixture of particles of a graphite or carbon material and an intercalant and/or an oxidizing agent; (b) providing one or a plurality of flow channels to accommodate the reacting slurry, wherein at least one of the flow channels has an internal wall surface and a volume and an internal wall-to-volume ratio of from 10 to 4,000; (c) moving the reacting slurry continuously or intermittently through at least one or a plurality of flow channels, enabling reactions between the graphite or carbon particles and the intercalant and/or oxidant to occur substantially inside the flow channels to form a graphite intercalation compound (GIC) or oxidized graphite (e.g. graphite oxide) or oxidized carbon material as a precursor material; and (d) converting the precursor material to isolated graphene sheets.
Abstract:
The invention relates to approach temperatures and approach temperature ranges that are beneficial in operating a pyrolysis reactor, to pyrolysis reactors exhibiting a beneficial approach temperature, to processes for carrying out hydrocarbon pyrolysis in a pyrolysis reactor having a beneficial approach temperature. The pyrolysis reactor can be, e.g., a reverse-flow pyrolysis reactor, such as a regenerative reverse-flow pyrolysis reactor.
Abstract:
A substantially linear ceramic or metallic radiant of ellipsoidal or polygonal cross section is placed proximate furnace tubes or coils in the radiant section of a fired heater to increase the radiant heat directed to the surface of the tubes or coils.
Abstract:
A method for digestion of a crude terephthalic slurry obtained from oxidation of para- xylene in a bubble column reactor oxidation process is provided. The method is conducted in one or more bubble column reactors having one or more segregrated zones defined by horizontal baffles and particle flow through the digestion system is controlled to maximize conversion of partial oxidation intermediates to terephthalic acid while minimizing formation of other contaminant products. Temperature, oxygen flow and content as well as other process and equipment variables are controlled throughout the process to support formation of terephthalic acid. Also provided are bubble column digestion systems stnictured to conduct the digestion method.
Abstract:
An ionic liquid reactor unit and a process for controlling heat generation from an ionic liquid reactor unit. The ionic liquid reactor unit may include an external heat exchanger. The effluent from the reactor is separated in a separation zone allowing the hydrocarbon phase to transfer heat to a cooling fluid. The heat exchanger may be a tube-in- shell, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a hair pin heat exchanger. The heat exchanger accommodates the separation of the ionic liquid from the hydrocarbon phase, and may allow for the ion liquid to be drained.
Abstract:
Described is a baffle comprising a continuous outer edge and an interior portion enclosed by the outer edge and connected to the outer edge. The interior portion comprises one or more teeth each having a tip directed towards the centre of the baffle, a base adjacent to the outer edge, and a tooth edge joining the tip to the base, wherein at least a portion of the tooth edge defines at least a portion of an aperture extending from a first face to a second face of the baffle.
Abstract:
The disclosure relates to a method of performing ozonolysis or ozone-based oxidation on a liquid or emulsified reagent using a tubular falling film reactor with one or multiple tubes wherein the combined ozone and carrier gas flow is co-current.