Abstract:
Dispositif de traitement d'un flux amont par un produit solide et procédé de traitement associé Le dispositif comporte un support (20) et au moins un panier (22A à 22E) porté par le support (20). Le panier (22A à 22E) comporte une paroi ajourée amont (60) et une paroi ajourée aval (62) délimitant entre elles un espace intermédiaire (70) de réception du produit solide (24). La paroi ajourée amont (60) délimite, à l'opposé de l'espace intermédiaire (70), un passage (90) d'amenée du flux amont, la paroi ajourée aval (62) délimitant, à l'opposé de l'espace intermédiaire (70), un passage (92) d'évacuation d'un flux traité. La paroi ajourée amont (60) et la paroi ajourée aval (62) sont montées librement déplaçables l'une par rapport à l'autre et par rapport au support (20), sur une course de dilatation donnée.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a heat generating unit (1) or heater, comprising a reactor (2), in which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is split into water and oxygen by means of catalytic dissociation and heat is produced in the process. Embodiment examples concern, among other things: operation of the reactor (2) using the liquid and vapor phases (41, 42) of the catalyst fluid; operation of the reactor (2) using recirculating means (8, 15; 15'; 410) for the catalyst fluid (40, 41); an integrated catalyst heat exchanger module (11'); a preliminary heat exchanger (171) for transferring heat from a residual fluid (170) to the catalyst fluid (40, 41); and combination with a fuel cell or oxygen/hydrogen combustion. Advantages include heat production free of exhaust gas and optional electricity generation.
Abstract:
A process and apparatus are disclosed for the generation of hydrogen from hydrogen rich compounds. The process uses hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer with a hydrogen rich compound forming a mixture such that when the mixture is exposed to a catalyst forming a hydrogen rich gas.
Abstract:
A method for dissipating heat in a hydrogen generator, comprising the steps of (a) providing a first chamber containing a first material selected from the group consisting of hydrates, (b) providing a second chamber containing a second material selected from the group consisting of hydrides and borohydrides, (c) causing the first material to undergo an endothermic reaction to evolve water, and (d) transporting a portion of the evolved water from the first chamber into the second chamber such that the second material undergoes an exothermic reaction to evolve hydrogen gas.
Abstract:
A water gas shift reactor (10) in which the shift reactor is maintained at near constant temperatures and/or is continuously humidified in manners that attain low exit temperatures at elevated humidity in order to achieve minimum carbon monoxide concentration in the exit gas through exit tube (60). Heat exchanger (10) comprises a housing (12) with a chamber (14). The chamber (14) holds upper and lower circular tubes (16) and (18), each with passages (20) and (22) respectively. The tubes (16) and (18) are connected by vertical tubes (24) and passages (20) and (22) are connected with vertical passage (26). Side arm tube (36) with passage (38) permits water vapor within passage (30) and (34) while pump (40) facilitates circulation.
Abstract:
Methods, systems and apparatuses perform reactions using an organic working fluid as a heat transfer fluid. A process includes the steps of performing Fischer-Tropsch reactions using at least one reactor with fixed bed of catalyst and heat removal surface, removing the heat generated by the reactor with fixed bed of catalyst and heat removal surface using a heat transfer medium, wherein the heat transfer medium comprises an organic working fluid. A reactor comprising a mandrel and at least one layer of tubes spirally wound onto the mandrel, wherein the layer of tubes are configured to receive a heat transfer medium, a shell configured to contain the mandrel and at least one layer of tubes.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for heating a non-combustion chemical reactor with thermal energy from a geothermal heat source are described. A working fluid is directed from the geothermal heat source to the chemical reactor to transfer heat. The working fluid can be circulated in a closed system so that it does not contact material at the geothermal heat source, or in an open system that allows the working fluid to intermix with material at the geothermal heat source. When intermixing with material at the geothermal heat source, the working fluid can transport donor substances at the geothermal heat source to the chemical reactor.
Abstract:
A method and a device for the sulfonation or the sulfation of organic liquid raw materials with an S0 3 /air mixture and other reaction gases in order to perform rapid, highly exothermic gas-liquid reactions in conventional thin-layer falling-film reactors are disclosed. The introduction of the S0 3 /air mixture occurs through several feed locations, which are located within (along) the reaction tube or reaction tubes or in the annular gap of annular-gap falling-film reactors. High peak temperatures, undesirable byproducts, worsening of the color and local oversulfation or oversulfonation, which leads to side reactions, are largely avoided.
Abstract:
A reactor, system and method are described for performing a chemical reaction characterized by a heat of reaction. The reactor (10) includes a first thermally conductive arrangement (30), (32) defining at least one catalytically active flow passage for conducting a fluid (14) at least generally in a predetermined direction (70) while catalytically activating the chemical reaction in a way which produces the heat of reaction. The heat of reaction conducts through the first thermally conductive arrangement in a direction at least generally parallel with the predetermined direction (70). A second thermally conductive arrangement (50), (52) is in thermal communication with the first thermally conductive arrangement and is configured for transferring the heat of reaction to an external process and for redirecting the fluid received from the first thermally conductive arrangement to a different direction (18), (20). The first and second arrangements may be integrally formed using a laminated structure. A system may include a pair of thermally coupled such reactors.