摘要:
Integrated gaseous fuel catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) reformer (401) and fuel cell (467) systems can include a plurality or an array of spaced-apart CPOX reactor units (408), each reactor unit including an elongate tube having a gas-permeable wall with internal and external surfaces, the wall enclosing an open gaseous flow passageway with at least a portion of the wall having CPOX catalyst disposed therein and/or comprising its structure. The catalyst-containing wall structure and open gaseous flow passageway enclosed thereby define a gaseous phase CPOX reaction zone (409), the catalyst-containing wall section being gas-permeable to allow gaseous CPOX reaction mixture to diffuse therein and hydrogen rich product reformate to diffuse therefrom. The gaseous fuel CPOX reformer also can include one or more igniters (435), and a source of gaseous reformable fuel. The hydrogen-rich reformate can be converted to electricity within a fuel cell unit integrated with the gaseous fuel CPOX reformer.
摘要:
A multi-tubular chemical reactor (400) includes an igniter (435) for the initiation of gas phase exothermic reaction within the gas phase reaction zones (409) of the tubular reactor units (408). A method of carrying out a gas phase exothermic reaction within the multi-tubular chemical reactor comprising: introducing gaseous reactants into a tubular reactor unit (408); initiating with radiant heat an exothermic reaction of the gaseous reactants within the reactor unit; and transferring heat produced by the exothermic reaction occurring within the gas phase reaction zone of the reactor unit to the gas phase reaction zone of one or more adjacent reactor units (408), thereby initiating an exothermic reaction within at least one adjacent reactor unit (408) until in such manner an exothermic reaction has been initiated in each of the plurality of spaced-apart reactor units (408).
摘要:
A dual utilization liquid and gaseous fuel CPOX reformer includes first and second CPOX reaction zones for the CPOX reforming at respectively, liquid and gaseous reformable fuels.
摘要:
An apparatus and a method for producing chemicals from a methane-containing gas are provided. More specifically, the method and apparatus make use of heterogeneous catalysis, beginning with the partial oxidation of methane to produce synthesis gas followed by a reaction, such as a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, to produce the chemicals. A partial oxidation reaction zone and Fischer-Tropsch reaction zone are both located within a single reactor.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses estimating casting throughput during casting process to provide polyamide pellets. The method of estimating casting throughput of an extruded polyamide polymer comprises measuring an amount of casting water flowing in to a casting apparatus typically from two or more locations, measuring the temperature of the casting water flowing in, and measuring the temperature of the casting water flowing out. Additional steps include calculating a heat transfer between the casting water flowing in and the casting water flowing out using the measured amount, and correlating the heat transfer to the casting throughput.
摘要:
The method serves to control substances present in a liquid; a liquid mass is brought to temperature and pressure conditions such as to give rise to an appreciable evaporation of the liquid mass; at least one solid surface is arranged, in part inside the liquid mass and in part outside the liquid mass so as to establish at least a meniscus of the liquid on this solid surface; the shape and/or the size and/or the extension and/or the position and/or the temperature of this meniscus is controlled so that the evaporation of the liquid through said meniscus is controlled; any deposition of these substances is also controlled.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for production of nanostmctures using a plasma generator. In an embodiment, a system for use with a reactor for synthesis of nanostmctures may include a chamber defining a pathway for directing a fluid mixture for the synthesis of nanostmctures through the chamber. The system may further include one or more heating zones disposed along the chamber to provide a temperature gradient in the chamber to form catalyst particles upon which nanostmctures can be generated from the components of the fluid mixture. The system may also include a plasma generator for generating a plasma flame in a conduit through which the fluid mixture may be passed to decompose a carbon source in the fluid mixture into its constituent atoms before proceeding into the reactor for formation of nanostmctures.
摘要:
Systems and methods for collecting and processing permafrost gases and for cooling permafrost are disclosed herein. A method in accordance with a particular embodiment for processing gas in a permafrost region includes obtaining a gas from a sacrificial area of a thawing permafrost region, dissociating the gas in a non-combustive chemical process, and circulating a constituent of the gas through a savable area of the thawing permafrost region to cool the savable area. In particular embodiments, this process can be used to cool selected areas of permafrost and/or create clean-burning fuels and/or other products from permafrost gases.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an apparatus for synthesizing F-18 labeled radioactive pharmaceuticals. The apparatus for synthesizing F-18 labeled radioactive pharmaceuticals includescomprises: an F-18 radioactive isotope supply part, a reagent supply part, a polymer precursor cartridge, a first heating unit, a polymer compound cartridge, a synthetic container, a second heating unit, a waste solution container, a recovery container, a transfer gas supplying part, a washing solution supplying part, a connecting tube, a plurality of control valves, and a controller.