Abstract:
Novel isomeric amine mixtures, characterized by amines with N-alkyl groups in the C10-C18 range with a main branch at the 2-position and moderate additional branching in most isomers. The amines are produced from lower olefins by a series of oxo, aldol and reductive amination reactions. The amines and their oxide and quaternary ammonium salt derivatives are of interest in surfactant uses.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to a method of making carboxylated cellulose fibers whose fiber strength and degree of polymerization is not significantly sacrificed. The method involves the use of cyclic nitroxide free radical compounds as a primary oxidant and a hypohalite salt as a secondary oxidant in an aqueous environment. Preferably the oxidized cellulose is then stabilized against D.P. loss in alkaline environments and color reversion with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride. Alternatively it may be treated with an oxidant such as sodium chlorite. The method results in a high percentage of carboxyl groups located at the fiber surface. The product is especially useful as a papermaking fiber where it contributes strength and has a higher attraction for cationic additives. The product is also useful as an additive to recycled fiber to increase strength. The method can be used to improve properties of either virgin or recycled fiber. It does not require high alpha -cellulose fiber but is suitable for regular market pulps.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a reinforced fiber composite which contains cellulosic fibers, the cellulose being present in the crystalline structure cellulose II, by bringing said fiber composite into contact with an aqueous solution of N-methylmorpholin-N-oxide (NMMO) at an elevated temperature and subsequently washing said fiber composite. Said method is characterized in that the fiber composite is brought into contact with the aqueous solution in such a way that the reationship -947 + 0.30xlog(10)t + 0.046xT - 3.53xC + 645xlog(10)C where t is the time in minutes during which the fiber composite is kept in contact with the aqueous NMMO solution, T is the temperature of the aqueous NMMO solution in DEG C and C is the concentration of the NMMO in % mass in relation to the aqueous NMMO solution, gives a figure in the region of 0.30 and 1.70 on the condition that the temperature T is less than 130 DEG C and the concentration C lies in the region of 70 to 84 % mass.
Abstract:
The invention relates to softening agents containing (a) quaternary esters and (b) amine oxides. These mixtures result in improved soft handle and, in particular, better hydrophilia and rewettability. At the same time they also reduce the electrostatic charge between fibres and thus improve wrinkle resistance and ease of ironing.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to liquid fabric softner compositions which have water-like appearance and are clear while providing sufficient fabric softening efficacy and exhibiting good storage stability. The present compositions comprise from 2 % to 40 % by weight of imidazolinium salt (component A), from 2 % to 30 % by weight of mono long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt (component B), from 2 % to 60 % by weight of solubilizer (component C), from 0.3 % to 5 % by weight of polyoxyethylene alkylether (component D) and the remainder, purified water (component E), provided that 1) if B/E is more than 0.08, then (B+C)/A is more than 1.2; 2) if B/E is more than 0.06, then (B + C)/A is more than 1.4; 3) if B/E is more than 0.04, then (B+C)/A is more than 2.0; 4) if B/E is more than 003, then (B+C)/A is more than 2.5; 5) if B/A is more than 0.9, then (B+C)/A is more than 1.1; 6) if B/A is more than 0.5, then (B+C)/A is more than 3.3; or 7) if B/A is more than 0.7, then (B+C)/A and B/E is more than 0.9 and 0.07, respectively.
Abstract:
Wiping products, such as wet wipes, tissues and towels, can be improved by incorporating a sufficient amount of a deliquescent material into the product. The deliquescent material is capable of maintaining a very high equilibrium amount of water in the product which can be advantageous in preventing wet wiping products from drying out and improving the hand feel of dry wiping products.
Abstract:
Disclosed are stabilized body care products, household products, textiles and fabrics which comprise certain hindered nitroxyl, hydroxylamine and hydroxylamine salt compounds and selected organic UV filters. The stabilized products are for example skin-care products, hair-care products, dentifrices, cosmetics, laundry detergents and fabric softeners, non-detergent based fabric care products, household cleaners and textile-care products.
Abstract:
Disclosed are stabilized body care products, household products, textiles and fabrics which comprise certain hindered nitroxyl, hydroxylamine and hydroxylamine salt compounds. Dyed products and articles are effectively stabilized against color degradation. The products are for example skin-care products, hair-care products, dentifrices, cosmetics, laundry detergents and fabric softeners, non-detergent based fabric care products, household cleaners and textile-care products.