Abstract:
An internal combustion engine is described comprising a cylinder having an intake port (14), and two manifolds (24, 34) having branches (22, 32) that are configured to supply two gas streams to the intake port (14) of each cylinder. The two streams enter the cylinder separately so as to produce a stratified charge within the engine cylinder. The first manifold (24) supplies a metered quantity of air within which the fuel to be burnt is despersed and the second manifold (34) supplies dilution gases. A flow obstructing throttle (23) is arranged in each branch (22) of the first manifold to reduce the risk of back-filling of the branches (22) of the first manifold (24).
Abstract:
A method is described for varying the engine load while maintaining optimum charge stratification in a stratified charge engine. In the invention, at least under low and part load conditions, the intake streams (22, 32) supplying the stratified charge are throttled (50, 60) in proportion to one another so as to vary the charge density uniformly across the entire combustible charge without significantly varying the relative volumes of the separate streams nor their relative velocities as they are drawn into the combustion chamber, the relative velocities being such as to minimise mixing within the combustion chamber between the intake streams during the intake and compression periods of the engine.
Abstract:
In order to simplify the design, mounting and control of an exhaust gas decontamination device for an internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculating system and a secondary air supply system, both systems are connected to a common duct section that opens at the exhaust gas side and are alternatively operated.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of adapting the ignition timing in an internal combustion engine to the crankshaft position depending on variations in engine r.p.m., load and overlap between the inlet and exhaust valves. The ratio between combusted and non-combusted gas in the cylinders is computed, and this ratio is utilized, in such a way that the greater the proportion of combusted gas there is, the earlier the ignition will be initiated. The invention also relates to an engine with a control unit (9) and means (11, 13, 14, 15) for computing said ratio, and controlling the ignition timing in the disclosed manner.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, especially one with spark ignition and possibly with a catalyst. On the one hand a new design is proposed and on the other this invention can be applied in certain versions to existing spark ignition engines. The main aim is to reduce the emission of pollutants and/or increase the efficiency. This is achieved by the invention by the blowing of gases which may also contain fuel into the combustion chamber. This primarily generates a controllable, efficient turbulence in the combustion chamber (especially during combustion). The mixture is preferably blown in in pulses and its quantity is controllable depending on the working point. Thus especially cold-starting and warming up and the partial load range of the internal combustion engine are to be improved. In addition, it is proposed to produce a stratified charge by the blowing process.
Abstract:
An internal combustion engine is described comprising a cylinder having an intake valve (14), and two manifolds having branches (22, 32) that are configured to supply two gas streams to the intake valve of each cylinder. The two streams enter the cylinder separately through the valve (14) so as to produce a stratified charge within the engine cylinder. The first manifold (24) supplies a metered quantity of air within which the fuel to be burnt is dispersed and the second manifold (34) supplies stratification gases. A non-return valve (23) is arranged in each branch (22) of the first manifold to permit gas flow in the branch only in the direction towards the intake valve (14).
Abstract:
Fresh air fed into the working chamber (1) of an engine is centrifugally prevented from mixing with the combustion gases deliberately retained therein from one cycle to the next. An assembly for feeding in pressurized fuel (10) is arranged to inject the fuel directly into the central region (G) of the chamber (1), whereby the concentration of retained combustion gases and the temperature are maximized, and the fuel ignition delay is reduced.