Abstract:
This invention relates to a process by means of distillation for the purification of lactide from a crude lactide vapor product stream, which crude lactide is produced by depolymerization of low molecular weight polylactic acid and is composed of at least water, lactic acid, lactide and lactic acid oligomers, wherein a divided wall column is used as one of the distillation stages to obtain a purified liquid lactide product stream as the sidedraw of the said divided wall column.
Abstract:
Provided are a compound of formula (I') or (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, prodrug, stereoisomer, or tautomer thereof, which modulates the activity of SSAO, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I') or (I), and a method of treating or preventing a disease in which SSAO plays a role.
Abstract:
The application relates to lipids of Formula (A-1) and compositions involving the same. Lipid nanoparticles (e.g., empty LNPs or loaded LNPs) include such a lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Lipid nanoparticles (e.g., empty LNPs or loaded LNPs) further including therapeutic and/ or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process of preparing a glycolide product from methyl polyglycolate or its product. The process comprises depolymerizing the methyl polyglycolate or its product in the presence of a depolymerization agent to make a depolymerized product; repolymerizing the depolymerized product to make a glycolic acid oligomer; and pyrolyzing the repolymerized mixture to make a glycolide product. A rare earth metal catalyst may be used facilitate the depolymerization reaction. The glycolide pyrolysis conversion rate may be greater than 90%. Also provided are related glycolide product and the glycolic acid oligomer. The glycolic acid oligomer may have a weight average molecular weight of 4, 000-80, 000.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing cyclic esters by means of a transesterification reaction in the gas phase, comprising the steps of: (i) vaporizing a liquid solution of alpha-hydroxy esters, (ii) passing the ester vapors through a reaction zone containing a solid catalyst and (iii) recovering the cyclic esters from the gaseous product stream; and wherein the solid catalyst comprises at least one metal of titanium (Ti) and Zirconium (Zr), and a SiO 2 support, and wherein said metal is chemically bound to the SiO 2 support through M-O-Si chemical bonds.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of monitoring an environment for the presence of a solvent by: (i) exposing the environment to a luminescent compound, where the relative luminescence emission intensity of the luminescent compound changes upon interaction with the solvent; and (ii) monitoring a change in the relative luminescence emission intensity of the luminescent compound, where the absence of the change indicates the absence of the solvent from the environment, and where the presence of the change indicates the presence of the solvent in the environment. The luminescent compounds include a phosphorous atom with one or more carboxyl groups, where the carboxyl groups are coordinated with one or more metallic ions (e.g., lanthanide ions and yttrium ions). The present disclosure also pertains to sensors for monitoring an environment for the presence of a solvent, where the sensors include one or more of the aforementioned luminescent compounds.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and a device for manufacturing lactide, whereby crude lactide, being prepared by means of depolymerization of lactic acid oligomers, is purified by means of a distillation step. According to the invention, the prepared crude lactide is maintained for a period of at least 5 hours in a reaction vessel at a temperature between 97º C and 200º C prior to the distillation step. Keeping the lactide during a period of time in a reaction vessel leads to a decrease of the lactic acid content and an increase of the lactic acid oligomer concentration, so that the resulting crude lactide can be more efficiently purified during subsequent distillation. A pre-distilling step gives additional advantages.
Abstract:
A process for the production of lactic acid comprising: (a) reacting a stream rich in saccharide with sodium hydroxide in the presence of water to produce a reaction mixture comprising sodium lactate; and (b) subjecting at least part of said reaction mixture to electrodialysis using an electrodialysis cell containing a cation-selective membrane to produce a first product stream comprising lactic acid and a second product stream comprising sodium hydroxide.