The invention discloses a railway hopper car, which comprises a car body, a top cover, a steering frame, a brake device, a car hook buffer device, a bottom door, a bottom door opening and closing mechanism and a longitudinal saddle, wherein the bottom door is arranged in a position of a discharging opening formed in the bottom of a bottom frame; the longitudinal saddle is arranged in the center of the car body in the length direction and is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the car body; through the addition of the longitudinal saddle, the sequence requirements when the left bottom door and the right bottom door are closed is eliminated, so that the structure of the linkage type bottom door opening and closing mechanism is simplified; the manufacturing and repair cost is reduced; by regulating the bottom transverse width L of the longitudinal saddle, the self weight of the bottom door is correspondingly reduced; the bottom door closing force is reduced; the opening and closing performance is further improved; the regulation and control of the discharging flow rate is realized. In addition, the top cover uses a double-layer top cover formed by a dismountable fixed top cover and an openable movable top cover, the adaptation range of cargoes loaded by the hopper car with a cover can be effectively expanded; the requirements that the hopper car can load various cargos and can adapt to various kinds of ground charging equipment can be met.