摘要:
Verfahren zur reduktiven Dehalogenierung von organischen Halogenverbingungen, bei denen mindestens ein Halogenatom kovalent am Kohlenstoff gebunden ist, durch Umsetzung mit Kohlenwasserstoffen in Gegenwart von Kohlenstoff bei erhöhter Temperatur unter Bildung von Halogenwasserstoffen, indem man die Dehalogenierung in Gegenwart von Eisenpulver oder einer Eisenverbindung als Cokatalysator bei Temperaturen von 100 bis 450°C durchführt.
摘要:
A halogen containing compound is coupled in the presence of carbon monoxide, an alkaline medium and a supported palladium catalyst. The reaction is preferably effected at elevated temperature and pressure, for example 80°C to 200°C and 0.2 to 3MNm- 1. The alkaline medium can be aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The support of the supported palladium catalyst may be calcium carbonate or charcoal. The halogen containing aromatic compound can be, for example, chlorobenzene; 4-chlorotoluene; 4-methoxychlorobenzene; 4-chlorophenol; 4-chlorobenzoic acid; 4-chloro-4'-hydroxybenzophenone; 4-bromobenzoic acid; 4-bromophenol; 2-chlorotoluene; 2-hydroxy-5-chlorobenzoic acid or 2-chloropyridine. Some of the resulting compounds or derivatives thereof are novel, such as 4,4'-bis(4-acetoxybenzoyl) biphenyl.
摘要:
Reduktive Dehalogenierung von aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, aromatischen und araliphatischen Halogenverbindungen, bei denen mindestens ein Halogenatom kovalent an Kohlenstoff gebunden ist, indem man die Halogenierungen in der Gasphase im wesentlichen bei Normaldruck oder Überdruck mit Kohlenwasserstoffen an aktivem Kohlenstoff unter Bildung von Halogenwasserstoff umsetzt.
摘要:
@ A C, to C 4 monohaloalkane is converted to hydrocarbons having a greater number of carbon atoms than the monohaloalkane reactant, in particular to aliphatic hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range, by contacting the monohaloalkane at elevated temperature with a clay containing either hydrogen ions and/or metal cations introduced either by exchange and/or by deposition. Preferred as catalysts are the layered clays including stabilised pillared layered clays.
摘要:
This method for producing a fullerene derivative is a method for producing a fullerene derivative having a partial structure shown by formula (1) by reacting a predetermined halogenated compound and two carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton in a mixed solvent of an aromatic solvent and an aprotic polar solvent having a C=O or S=O bond in the presence of at least one metal selected from the group comprising manganese, iron, and zinc; (in formula (1), C* are each carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton, A is a linking group having 1-4 carbon atoms for forming a ring structure with two C*, in which a portion thereof may be a substituted or condensed group).
摘要:
Crude alcohol streams are converted to olefins under reductive or non-reductive dehydroxylation conditions, in the presence of a halogen-based catalyst. The process includes autogenous gas pressure or a gas pressure from 1 psig (~6.89 KPa) to 2000 psig (~13.79 MPa), a temperature from 50 °C to 250 °C, a liquid reaction medium, and a molar ratio of alcohol to halogen from 1:10 to 100:1.
摘要:
A method of preparing functionalized graphene, comprises treating graphene with an alkali metal in the presence of a coordinating solvent, and adding a functionalizing compound. The method further includes quenching unreacted alkali metal by addition of a protic medium, and isolating the functionalized graphene.
摘要:
A process for converting gaseous alkanes to olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof wherein a gaseous feed containing alkanes may be thermally or catalytically reacted with a dry bromine vapor to form alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide. Poly-brominated alkanes present in the alkyl bromides may be further reacted with methane over a suitable catalyst to form mono-brominated species. The mixture of alkyl bromides and hydrogen bromide may then be reacted over a suitable catalyst at a temperature sufficient to form olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof and hydrogen bromide. Various methods and reactions are disclosed to remove the hydrogen bromide from the higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, to generate bromine from the hydrogen bromide for use in the process, to store and subsequently release bromine for use in the process, and to selectively form mono-brominated alkanes in the bromination step. One or more of the reactions of the processes of the present invention may be conducted in a microchannel reactor.