Abstract:
The invention relates to electrically driven rolling stock (3,7), comprising at least one electric motor and a system (9) for receiving electric power from an electrical-supply line (11). Also provided is an emergency generator (13) and a system (49,25,27) of electrical connection between the conversion system (21,23) dedicated to the supply of the motor and the emergency generator (13). The latter suplies power for advance of the rolling stock (3,7) in the event of lack of supply to the rolling stock from said line (11).
Abstract:
An emergency power generating unit (2), comprising a gas turbine (23) to supply the train on-board systems in the event of a failure of the main electrical power supply. Specifically, the power generated by the turbine is used to run an electrical energy generator (29) for powering an air conditioning system (77).
Abstract:
The DC/DC converter with an output current which is periodically variable over time comprises a control network (11) which generates a variable reference signal (Refl) for the input current which is substantially smoothed and obtained from the difference between the output voltage (V out ) and a reference voltage (V ref ). The substantially smoothed reference signal (Refl) causes a variation in the duty cycle of the converter in order to compensate for the variation in the output voltage (V out ) resulting from a variation in the output current (I out ).
Abstract:
A description is given of a power rectifier comprising an output (3, 5) for connection to a supply line (7A, 7B) leading to a load (Z), a cut-off device (9) being connected to said output to break the connection between said rectifier and said supply line. The cut-off device comprises a plurality of MOSFETs (11A-11B) in parallel and a control circuit (19) to make said MOSFETs nonconducting when the output current of said rectifier tends to become inverted.
Abstract:
The circuit comprises a plurality of supply modules for delivering current to a common load. Each supply module (3) is equipped with a driving circuit (23, 25, 27) for controlling the current delivered by the module. The supply modules are connected together by a share bus (9) on which a signal is present for balancing the current delivered by each supply module, in such a way as to control and reduce the difference between the current delivered by a dominant supply module and the current delivered by the remaining supply modules of the circuit. Associated to each supply module are means (31) for generating a PWM signal, the duration of which is proportional to the current delivered by the respective supply module. In addition, each supply module is connected to the share bus in such a way that on the latter there is present a digital share signal, which is a function of the digital PWM signal generated by the dominant supply module. In each supply module, means are provided for generating an error signal, the said means generating, on the basis of the PWM signal of the module itself and on the basis of the digital share signal, an error signal, which constitutes a feedback signal for the driving circuit of the supply module.
Abstract:
The method for controlling a motor compressor (3, 5) in a refrigerating machine envisages determining an optimal rate (f ott ) of operation of the motor compressor, which minimizes energy consumption of the machine, and causing said motor compressor to operate, during each turning-on cycle, alternatively at said optimal rate (f ott ) or at a higher rate (f max ) according to the required cooling rate.
Abstract:
There is described a process for producing printed circuits comprising a laminar support (1), at least one electrically conductive track (7) on the said laminar support, and at least one auxiliary conductive element (21) soldered to the said conductive track (7); there is provision to apply the said auxiliary conductive element by means of an apparatus for applying SMD components.