摘要:
The invention relates to a method for a study of a photon emission source at a site, the method including the steps consisting of: measuring (100) the spectrometric data and the geographic coordinates of the measurement point at a surface point of said site and storing said data in association with said coordinates in a memory; moving (200) the detector to at least one other point of the site and, at each point, repeating the step of measuring and storing; and implementing a deconvolution step (500), using a predetermined detector response function, on all the measured spectrometric surface data, in order to obtain refined spectrometric surface information, said spectrometric surface information enabling the geographic location and the evaluation of the photon emission rate of said source. The invention further relates to a system suitable for implementing the method.
摘要:
The present invention is a method and apparatus for calculating the amount and composition of inorganic material in a sheet material. The apparatus of the present invention is capable of calculating the composition of all the additives at once without requiring multiple cycles. The apparatus uses a combination of two techniques, namely an X-ray fluorescence analysis and a preferential X-ray absorption analysis. X-ray fluorescence is measured by a thermoelectrically cooled solid state detector. The apparatus can measure more than three additives. Measurement of argon in the air is used for compensation of electronic drift. An empirical correction is used to compensate for mutual interaction between X-ray fluorescence radiation and clay or talc. The measurement is compensated for dust accumulation by means of fluorescing the dust.
摘要:
An instrument capable of both X-ray diffraction, XRD, and X-ray fluorescence measurements, XRF, arranges an X-ray source 10 creating an incident X-ray beam directed to a sample on a sample stage. An X-ray detection system is mounted at a fixed angle 2θ for high energy energy dispersive XRD For XRF, an X-ray detection system is used
摘要:
A device for performing both elemental and structural analysis of a crystalline sample, comprising a polychromatic x-ray source (11); a mounting means (15) for mounting the sample so that it is illuminated with x-rays; one or more fluorescence channels (17), able to select x-rays of a particular wavelength and energy and having means (20) for detecting said selected x-ray; a diffraction channel (28) able to select a characteristic x-ray wavelength at said source (11) following diffraction of the x-rays by said sample (14) and having means (33) for detecting a selected characteristic x-ray ; and an actuating means (32) for controlling arcuate movement of said diffraction channel (28) relative to said sample (14) so as to detect x-rays leaving the sample at different diffraction angles.
摘要:
A total reflection X-ray fluorescence apparatus comprises a base material (6) having an optically flat surface for totally reflecting X-rays radiated at a small glancing angle, a first detector (13) such as an SSD for detecting fluorescent X-rays emerging from a specimen (7) located near the optically flat surface of the base material (6) and a second detector (11) such as a scintillation counter for detecting an intensity of an X-rays coming from the base material (6).
摘要:
The X-ray analyzer is arranged for conduction both an X-ray fluorescence analysis and X-ray diffraction comprises an X-ray source (1), an X-ray guide tube (2) for collecting X-ray emitted from said X-ray source (1), a sample table (4) disposed in the vicinity of an end of said X-ray guide tube (2) for placing a sample to be subjected to the application of the above described X-rays thereon, and an X-ray detector (6). Said sample table (4) and said X-ray detector (6) are disposed within the same one vacuum tank (5) and an inside of said X-ray guide tube (2) is opened into said vacuum tank (5). Preferably, the X-ray guide tube (2) comprises at least in the range of an X-ray beam outlet a paraboloid of revolution shape with an essentially cylinder type of an outlet end tube portion (23). With the X-ray analyzer according to the present invention, the X-ray beams are highly parallel to each other, so that is is easy to set the conditions for the total reflection of the beams incident upon the sample, whereby for example, the so-called total reflection XS-ray fluorescence analysis becomes possible.
摘要:
In an apparatus for surface analysis microscopy, a number of analysis devices (5, 11) are mounted on an ultra-high vacuum chamber (1). The devices (5, 11) include a beam source for locally heating a selected region of a specimen and a temperature-detector for monitoring the heating of the selected region, as well as an electron gun (11) and an analyser (5) for detecting emission from a specimen region subjected to electron bombardment. An ion gun may also be provided. The apparatus enables thermal microscopy of a specimen to be carried out in conjunction with other surface analysis techniques including, inter alia, scanning electron microscopy and Auger electron microscopy, within a single apparatus and during a single experimental operation. A novel configuration of cylindrical mirror analyser facilitates mounting a multiplicity of analysis devices on the chamber in a compact manner for studying a specimen at a single position.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are provided for analysing a fluid, especially an oil/water/gas mixture of unknown composition flowing in a pipeline (10). The apparatus can operate remotely, for example on the sea bed. A gamma-ray source (12) and a diametrically arranged scintillator (20) enable the density to be determined; while a fast neutron source (14) and a diametrically arranged germanium gamma spectrometer (22) cooled by a cryo-cooler (26) enable the concentrations of the elements present to be determined. The apparatus enables the weight fractions of oil, water and gas to be derived.