Abstract:
The invention relates to a spectrometer, especially for use in an optical coherence tomograph (1) for detecting parameters of the human eye, said spectrometer having an input for measurement radiation to be analyzed, fanning the measurement radiation spectrally out along a direction in a fan and guiding it onto a detector (8) that extends along the direction and that comprises a plurality of detector pixels that are sensitive to the measurement radiation. The spectrometer (2) has an adjusting element (5) which can be adjusted in a controlled manner to adjust the relative position of the fan and the detector (8), thereby optimizing the incidence position of the fan on the detector (8). The invention is characterized in that the detector (8) has at least two superimposed, adjacent pixel lines and that a control device (9) reads out the superimposed pixels of a plurality of pixel lines in a combined manner for a spectral analysis of the measurement radiation in a pixel binning and evaluates signal differences between superimposed pixels to control the adjusting element (5) and to center the incidence position of the fan at a right angle to the direction of the pixel lines.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method are provided. In particular, at least one first electro-magnetic radiation may be provided to a sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation can be provided to a non-reflective reference. A frequency of the first and/or second radiations varies over time. An interference is detected between at least one third radiation associated with the first radiation and at least one fourth radiation associated with the second radiation. Alternatively, the first electro-magnetic radiation and/or second electro-magnetic radiation have a spectrum which changes over time. The spectrum may contain multiple frequencies at a particular time. In addition, it is possible to detect the interference signal between the third radiation and the fourth radiation in a first polarization state. Further, it may be preferable to detect a further interference signal between the third and fourth radiations in a second polarization state which is different from the first polarization state. The first and/or second electro-magnetic radiations may have a spectrum whose mean frequency changes substantially continuously over time at a tuning speed that is greater than 100 Tera Hertz per millisecond.
Abstract:
The invention features a method including: (i) providing spectrally resolved information about light coming from different spatial locations in a sample comprising deep tissue in response to an illumination of the sample, wherein the light includes contributions from different components in the sample; (ii) decomposing the spectrally resolved information for each of at least some of the different spatial locations into contributions from spectral estimates associated with at least some of the components in the sample; and (iii) constructing a deep tissue image of the sample based on the decomposition to preferentially show a selected one of the components.
Abstract:
There is described a system and method for the in vivo determination of lactate levels in blood using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)and/or Near-infrared Raman Spectroscopy (NIR-RAMAN). The method teaches measuring lactate in vivo comprising: optically coupling a body part (14) with a light source (10) and a light detector (18) the body part having tissues comprising blood vessels; injecting near-infrared (NIR) light at one or a plurality of wavelengths in the body part; detecting, as a function of blood volume variations in the body part, light exiting the body part at at least the plurality of wavelengths to generate an optical signal (20); and processing the optical signal as a function of the blood volume variations to obtain a lactate level in blood.
Abstract:
Anordnung eines optischen Modulators zur schnellen Modulation in einem Interferometerarm einer Interferometeranordnung zur Heterodyndetektion wobei vorteilhaft der Modulator im Meßarm des Interferometers angeordnet ist und gleichzeitig zur Schaltung und/ oder Strahlabschwächung in einem Laser-Scanning- Mikroskop dient, oder der Modulator im Referenzarm des Interferometers angeordnet ist und der Meßarm der Beleuchtungsstrahlengang eines Laser- Scanning - Mikroskopes ist .
Abstract:
Methods and devices are provided for determining the presence and/or concentration of at least one analyte in a sample (24) of low transmissivity. In the subject methods, a forward beam (32) and a backward beam (33) are produced by or introduced into an interferometer (22) from at least one infrared radiation source (21). The forward beam is passed into the sample and then collected to produce a sample beam while the backward beam is passed into a reference and then collected to provide a reference beam. The sample and reference beams are recombined either optically into a null beam (36) which is detected at a single detector (26) or electronically nulled after detection on two separate detectors. The presence, and often amount, of at least one analyte in the sample is then derived from the detected null beam. Also provided are devices for practicing the above methods. The subject methods and devices are suitable for use in a variety of different applications, including the detection of the presence, and amount, of one or more blood analytes in a physiological sample, such as blood, tissue or derivatives thereof.
Abstract:
The invention concerns an interferometric optical block for Fourier Transform spectrometers having three planar nominally surfaces (1, 2, BS/C) with the two outer surfaces (1, 2) adapted to act as beam reflectors for internal light and the third surface (BS/C) in operation acting as a beam splitter and beam combiner, the optical block having an input portion by means of which an input beam (3) of light to be analysed can be input so as partially to pass through said third surface (BS/C) to be internally reflected by one of said outer reflectors, and partially to be reflected by said third surface (BS/C) so as then to be internally reflected by the other of said outer reflectors whereby light internally reflected by said outer reflectors is combined at said third surface (BS/C) to produce an exit beam, and wherein said outer surfaces (1, 2) have an inclination with respect to one another so as to make a variation in path lengths in the light forming the exit beam so as to generate an interference fringe field.