摘要:
A non-resonance photo-neutralizer for negative ion-based neutral beam injectors. The non-resonance photo-neutralizer utilizes a nonresonant photon accumulation, wherein the path of a photon becomes tangled and trapped in a certain space region, i.e., the photon trap. The trap is preferably formed by two smooth mirror surfaces facing each other with at least one of the mirrors being concave. In its simplest form, the trap is elliptical. A confinement region is a region near a family of normals, which are common to both mirror surfaces. The photons with a sufficiently small angle of deviation from the nearest common normal are confined. Depending on specific conditions, the shape of the mirror surface may be one of spherical, elliptical, cylindrical, or toroidal geometry, or a combination thereof.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for producing a deflection of a Neutral Beam derived from a gas-cluster ion-beam deflects the gas-cluster ion-beam prior to dissociation of gas clusters and removal of tons.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for producing a deflection of a Neutral Beam derived from a gas-cluster ion-beam deflects the gas-cluster ion-beam prior to dissociation of gas clusters and removal of tons.
摘要:
A target for generating deuteron which comprises a base film comprising a halogen-containing organic compound as the main component thereof and, provided thereon, an upper film comprising a deuterated organic compound as the main component thereof; and an target apparatus for generating deuteron comprising the target. The target has a structure capable of generating deueron with good efficiency.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for accumulation of hyperpolarized 129X e is disclosed. The method and apparatus of the invention enable the continuous or episodic accumulation of flowing hyperpolarized 129Xe in frozen form. The method also permits the accumulation of hyperpolarized 129Xe. The invention further includes 129Xe accumulation means (17) which is integrated with 129Xe hyperpolarization means in a continuous or pulsed flow arrangement. The method and apparatus enable large scale production, storage, and usage of hyperpolarized 129Xe for numerous purposes, including imaging of human and animal subjects through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.
摘要:
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Strahls von Atomen oder Radikalen durch thermische Dissoziation eines Gases, mit einem Rohr (1), das an seinem einen Ende an eine Gasquelle (2) anschließbar ist und an seinem anderen Ende eine Gasaustrittsöffnung (3) aufweist, und einer Heizvorrichtung (4), um das Rohr (1) zu erwärmen, welche dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Heizvorrichtung (4) wenigstens einen Heizdraht (5) zur Erwärmung des Rohrs (1) durch Wärmestrahlung aufweist und der Heizdraht (5) das Rohr (1) im Bereich der Gasaustrittsöffnung (3) unter Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontakts berührt, im übrigen aber mit Abstand umgibt.
摘要:
An improved ion beam neutralizer (22) is provided for neutralizing the electrical charge of an ion beam (28) output from an extraction aperture (50). The neutralizer comprises a source of water (52); a vaporizer (54) connected to the source of water; a mass flow controller (56) connected to the vaporizer; and an inlet (60) connected to the mass flow controller. The vaporizer (54) converts water from the source (52) from a liquid state to a vapor state. The mass flow controller (56) receives water vapor from the vaporizer (54) and meters the volume of water vapor output by a mass flow controller outlet (66). The inlet (60) is provided with an injection port (68) located proximate the ion beam extraction aperture (50) and receives the metered volume from the outlet (66). The injection port (68) is positioned near the extraction aperture so that the ion beam and the water vapor interact to neutralize the ion beam. The improved ion beam neutralizer (22) is especially effective in low energy (less than ten kilo-electron volts (10 KeV)) beam applications.