摘要:
A method is described to measure the course of enzyme activity when a proteolytic enzyme is generated in a sample of blood or plasma. The activity, like in previous art, is monitored through its action on a substrate that upon action of the enzyme releases a fluorescent product. Contrary to previous art a small fluorescent moiety is made to be present at zero time, either because the substrate itself has native fluorescence or because a small amount of fluorescent product (0.1 - 10 mole % of the concentration of substrate) is added before the reaction starts, giving rise to a small initial signal (Fo). Also, the maximal signal ( F max ), occurring when all substrate has been converted into product is determined. The experimental fluorescent signal ( F exp .t ) is converted into the normalized ratio of the signal ( R t ) according to the formula R t =(F exp.t -F 0 )/(F max - F 0 ). It is demonstrated that the course of enzyme activity ( E t ) can be obtained from: E t = dR t / dt . S 0 + K m / 1 − R t / k cat . The use of this method has the following advantages: • Strong reduction of experimental noise • No external calibration is required, i.e. no second sample with known enzymatic activity has to be used. • No correction for substrate consumption is required. • Thrombin or plasmin generation curves obtained with macromolecular substrates can be calibrated despite the fact that such substrates are insensitive to the action of α2macroglobulin-thrombin complexes.
摘要:
The present invention relates to compounds and methods for inhibition of binding of ICAM-4 to platelet integrin α IIb β 3 . The present invention also relates to a screening method and to a kit to detect or monitor in vitro the effect of a substance, drug or pharmaceutical agent on the ICAM-4/α IIb β 3 interaction in a biological sample, while simulating blood flow conditions existing in vivo. It concerns in particular an anti-ICAM-4 antibody or a fragment thereof capable of blocking ICAM-4 binding to platelet integrin α IIb β 3 , or an ICAM-4 mimetic peptide blocking ICAM-4 binding to platelet integrin α IIb β 3 , or an anti-CD61 antibody or a fragment thereof capable of blocking ICAM-4 binding to platelet integrin α IIb β 3 , for use in the treatment of a thrombotic disease, and for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for such treatment.
摘要:
A process is provided for the assessment of an active proteolytic enzyme in a blood or another biological fluid sample possibly comprising a complex of said proteolytic enzyme and α2-macroglobulin, wherein said sample is contacted with a substrate comprising a molecule of sufficient size coupled to a signal-substrate, said signal-substrate comprising a detectable leaving group, wherein said substrate is hydrolysed by said proteolytic enzyme but not by said complex. The proteolytic enzyme is preferably selected from the group consisting of thrombin, activated clotting factor, activated fibrinolytic factor, and activated component of the complement system. Of these, thrombin is most preferred. The molecules of sufficient size are preferably water soluble and selected from the group consisting of inert protein, preferably ovalbumin, polysaccharide, and synthetic polymer. The size of these molecules is such that they will not fit into the cavity of the α2M molecules.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the simultaneous measurement of proteolylic enzyme generation and clot strength in plasma or whole blood or any appropriate biological sample derived from blood. The measurement method encompasses the use of a detectable substrate which comprises a moiety that can be released upon reaction with the targeted proteolytic enzyme, and means for measurement of an increase in viscosity of clot strength.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for in vitro determining thrombin activity in a sample wherein the sample is a blood sample and thrombin generation is measured by the steps of: - contacting a layer of said sample with a fluorogenic substrate of thrombin, wherein said layer has a thickness within a range of 0.05 to 5 mm and a surface within a range of 10 to 500 mm 2 ; - allowing thrombin to generate in said sample; - measuring the fluorescence emitted from the surface of the layer, by the fluorescent group released from the fluorogenic substrate as a result of enzymatic action of generated thrombin on said fluorogenic substrate.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for measuring thrombin generation in a whole blood sample. The whole blood sample may be applied forthwith, without prior processing. The blood cells and blood plasma in the whole blood sample are separated by (lateral) flow migration. Also disclosed is an assembly of a sample support and a device dedicated to measure thrombin generation in a whole blood sample. Advantageously, the sample support comprises a separator medium allowing separation of whole blood into blood cells and blood plasma by means of (lateral) flow migration.
摘要:
The invention relates to time-course measurement of enzymatic activity corrected for impacts of disturbances relating to the reaction of the enzyme with a substrate. The in vitro method of the invention is especially intended for the measurement of clotting or the fibrinolysis activity in vitro . The invention enables to measure the exact time course of an enzymatic activity that develops and/or disappears in a reaction mixture, especially in a blood sample. The invention thus relates to a method of determination of the course of an enzyme activity that is variable in time, wherein said activity is probed by conversion of a substrate of the enzyme, comprising, in a selected test set up and for a determined substrate of the enzyme, the determination of the velocity of signal production (dF diag /dt) resulting from a time curve of the signal (F diao =f(A)) obtained from splitting said substrate when it is contacted with a determined initially fixed concentration of the enzyme (E) and providing a "diagnostic plot" with the values of (dF diag /dt) against the signal (F diag ) and determining whether said diagnostic plot is either a straight line or a parabola and in the same test conditions, for a given test sample, the determination of the signal production (F exp ) resulting from splitting the substrate by the enzyme generating in and/or disappearing from the sample and providing the time curve of signal F exp =f(t); and transforming the obtained experimental value of the signal (F exp ) into an ideal value (F transf )