Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol by means of two-stage catalytic hydration in the gas phase, comprising the following steps: a) a gas stream of C4-dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof is fed into a first reactor and the gas phase is catalytically hydrated so as to obtain a product mainly containing optionally alkyl-substituted y-butyrolactone; b) the obtained product stream is fed into a second reactor and the gas phase is catalytically hydrated so as to obtain optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol; c) the desired product is separated from intermediate products, by-products, and an optionally unreacted starting material. A catalyst comprising = 95 percent by weight of CuO and = 5 percent by weight of an oxidic carrier is used in each hydration stage. The product mixture obtained in the first hydration step is introduced into the second hydration stage without further cleaning said product mixture.
Abstract:
A porous catalyst monolith for the oxidation of SO 2 to SO 3 , composed of alternating layers of linear spaced-apart parallel strands of catalyst material comprising vanadium, at least one alkali metal and sulfate on a silicon dioxide support material, wherein the strands in alternating layers are oriented at an angle to one another, wherein the distance between inner spaced-apart parallel strands is larger than the distance between outer spaced-apart parallel strands in at least a part of the layers of the monolith.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a shaped catalyst body for the oxidation of SO 2 into SO 3 , containing vanadium, at least one alkali metal, and sulfate on a silicon dioxide substrate material, wherein the shaped body has the shape of a cylinder having 3 or 4 hollow cylindrical protrusions, obtainable by extruding a catalyst precursor mass, comprising vanadium, at least one alkali metal, and sulfate on a silicon dioxide substrate material, through the opening of an extrusion tool, wherein the opening of the extrusion tool has a cross-section that is formed by 3 or 4 rings, the center points of which lie substantially on a circular line having the diameter y and partially overlap each other, wherein the rings are bounded by an outer line lying on a circle having an outer diameter (x1) and an inner line lying on a circle having an inner diameter (x2).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a multi-element oxide material containing the element iron in the oxidised form, in which an aqueous iron nitrate solution is also used as a source of the elementary constituent iron. The invention also relates to the production of the melt of a solid hydrate of iron nitrate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a hollow-cylindrical moulded catalyst body for the gas phase oxidation of an alkene in order to obtain an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and/or an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, comprising a compacted multi-metal oxide and having an outer diameter AD, an inner diameter ID and a height H, where AD is selected in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mm, the ratio of q = ID/AD is selected in the range of 0.4 to 0.55, and the ratio of p = H/AD is selected in the range of 0.5 to 1. The moulded catalyst body is mechanically stable and catalyses the partial oxidation of an alkene so as to produce products of value with high selectivity. It guarantees a sufficiently high catalyst mass density for the pelletised catalyst material, as well as a good degree of long-term stability at an acceptable level of pressure loss.
Abstract translation:中空的圆柱形催化剂成型体用于测试的气相氧化烯烃以α,?不饱和醛和/或α,β-不饱和羧酸包括ED具有外径压实多金属氧化物内直径ID的,并且 的高度H,worin ED是从3.5至4.5毫米的范围内; 的比q = ID / ED是在从0.4至12时55分的范围内; 和比例p = H / ED是在0.5至1的范围的催化剂成型体是机械稳定,并催化烯烃到的以高选择性值的产品的部分氧化。 它提供了一个高催化剂的催化剂床和良好的长期稳定性具有可接受的压力降的足够的质量密度。
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing geometric catalyst molded bodies K, the active mass of which is a multi-element oxide, which contains the element Mo, the elements Bi and/or V, and one or more of the elements Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, and alkali metals, wherein a fine-particle mixture is produced using sources of the various elements, said fine-particle mixture is coarsened into a powder by compression agglomeration, molded bodies V are formed from the coarsened powder by compression agglomeration, said molded bodies are separated into undamaged molded bodies V + and damaged molded bodies V - , the undamaged molded bodies V + are transformed into the catalyst molded bodies K by thermal treatment, and the damaged molded bodies V - are ground and fed back into the production of the fine-particle mixture.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a ring-shaped oxidic molded body by mechanically compacting a powdered aggregate introduced into the cavity of a mold, the peripheral surface of the resulting compressed structure corresponding to that of a truncated cone.