摘要:
The invention concerns a fluorination method for obtaining fluorinated compounds. The method consists in reacting with an ionic fluoride of a monovalent cation a compound of formula (I), wherein: M represents H, an alkaline metal, a quaternary phosphonium group or a quaternary ammonium group; Y represents SO2, and m is 1, or Y is PO and m is 2; Z represents CR2, N or P; R1 represents a carbonaceous and/or electron-attracting group which has a Hammet parameter σ¿P? higher than 0.4; R?2¿ represents a carbonaceous and/or electron-attracting group; X represents a halogen other than a fluorine. The fluorinated compounds obtained are useful in particular as electrolyte in lithium batteries.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for grafting a polymer onto the surface of a carbonate material with carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl functions on its surface. Said material is placed in suspension in a solution including the polymer to be grafted, which has a carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl function, said solution also being comprised of a polymer solvent. A process which stimulates the dehydration into a carboxyl function of an amine and/or hydroxyl function is then performed, and the polymer is grafted onto the carbonate material using ester or amide links. The invention can be used in the cathode or naode of an electrochemical generator, in polymer materials with low polar properties, in ink, and also as a conductive coating on flexible plastic used as an electrical contact, as electromagnetic shielding, or as static protection.
摘要:
The invention concerns cross-linked sulphonated polymers, optionally perfluorinated, and the method for preparing them. When they are moulded in the form of membranes, said polymers are useful in electrochemical cells, in a chlorine-sodium electrolysis process, as separator in en electrochemical preparation of organic and inorganic compounds, as separator between an aqueous phase and an organic phase, or as catalyst for Diels-Alder additions, Friedel-Craft reactions, aldol condensations, cationic polymerisation, esterification, and acetal formation.
摘要:
The invention concerns a fluorination method for obtaining fluorinated compounds. The method consists in reacting with an ionic fluoride of a monovalent cation a compound of formula (I), wherein: M represents H, an alkaline metal, a quaternary phosphonium group or a quaternary ammonium group; Y represents SO2, and m is 1, or Y is PO and m is 2; Z represents CR2, N or P; R1 represents a carbonaceous and/or electron-attracting group which has a Hammet parameter σ¿P? higher than 0.4; R?2¿ represents a carbonaceous and/or electron-attracting group; X represents a halogen other than a fluorine. The fluorinated compounds obtained are useful in particular as electrolyte in lithium batteries.
摘要:
The invention concerns cross-linked sulphonated polymers, optionally perfluorinated, and the method for preparing them. When they are moulded in the form of membranes, said polymers are useful in electrochemical cells, in a chlorine-sodium electrolysis process, as separator in en electrochemical preparation of organic and inorganic compounds, as separator between an aqueous phase and an organic phase, or as catalyst for Diels-Alder additions, Friedel-Craft reactions, aldol condensations, cationic polymerisation, esterification, and acetal formation.
摘要:
The invention concerns novel ion-exchanging membranes, the method for preparing them and their uses. The membranes are made up of a polymer obtained from a monomer or a bifunctional mixture of monomers of general formula [T-SO2-Y-SO2T']- M-+. Moreover said polymers are useful in electrochemical cells, in a chlorine-sodium electrolysis process, as separator in an electrochemical preparation of organic and inorganic compounds, as separator between an aqueous phase and an organic phase, or as catalyst for Diels-Alder additions, Friedel-Craft reactions, aldol condensations, cationic polymerisation, and acetal formation.
摘要:
Disclosed is a proton conductor in liquid form, comprised of a mixture of the following components: (a) a salt combined with a nitrogenated base along with an acid, according to formula (I), wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, whether identical or different, represent a group -N= or -C(Zi)=, wherein Zi represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an oxoalkyl or azaalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as long as at least one and at most two of the groups Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 represent -N=; two adjacent carbon atoms are possibly hydrogenated; the nitrogenated base possibly forms part of a polymeric matrix; and X- represents an anion derivative of an acid selected from the group formed by the sulphonic acids of the formula R?FSO3H, the sulphonimides of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)NH and the methylures of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)CH2 or (RFSO2) (R'FSO2) (R'FSO2)CH, wherein RF, R'F or R'F independently represent a radical F(CF2)n-, n being comprised between 0 and 6, and the acid possibly forming part of a polymeric matrix; and (b) a nitrogenated base according to formula (II), wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 have the above-mentioned significance, and the nitrogenated base is possibly part of a polymeric matrix. The components (a) and (b) are present in proportions allowing for the formation of a composition with a melting point of less than 25 °C. The proton conductor disclosed in the invention can be used as a liquid, gel, or polymer electrolyte in various electrochemical systems.
摘要:
An ionic conducting material, the preparation thereof and uses of said material are disclosed. The material includes at least one solution of at least one ionic compound in an aprotic solvent, which compound is selected from compounds (1/mM)+[(ZY)2N]-, (1/mM)+[(ZY)3C]-, (1/mM)+[(ZY)2CQ]-, Wherein Y is SO¿2? or POZ; Q is -H, -COZ or Z; each substituent Z is independently a fluorine atom or an optionally perfluorinated organic group optionally having at least one polymerisable function, one of substitutents Z being a fluorine atom; and M is a cation. The material is useful in electrochemical generators, supercapacitors, polymer doping and electrochromic devices.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of purifying an ionic electrolyte containing at least one alkaline earth salt, said method comprising at least one contact step involving particles of at least one calcium salt. The inventive method can be used to obtain novel electrolytes which are especially characterised by the particularly-low water content thereof. The corresponding electrochemical generators that contain the electrolyte as a component are characterised by excellent stability and are very secure.