Abstract:
A process for producing high quality lubricants by hydrocracking a high boiling hydrocarbon feed in the presence of hydrogen and a bifunctional hydrocracking catalyst based on an ultra-large pore crystalline material. The crystalline material exhibits unusually large pores of at least 13 Å diameter and a high sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 6.7 kPa (50 Torr) and 25 °C. The crystalline material is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one d-spacing greater than 18 Å and in a particularly preferred form, a hexagonal arrangement of pores of at least 13 Å diameter which can be indexed with a d100 value greater than 18 Å. The hydrocracking catalysts based on these materials are capable of producing hydrocracked lube products of good viscosity index in high yields without the use of fluorine or other promoters. Petroleum waxes may be used as the feed and is hydrocracked and hydroisomerized to form the lube products.
Abstract:
A process for disproportionation of a methylnaphthalene to a product containing naphthalene and a dimethylnaphthalene comprises contacting the methylnaphthalene with a catalyst comprising a zeolite having the X-ray diffraction lines as shown in table (I).
Abstract:
Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurisation followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. A catalytically cracked naphtha from the FCC main column (10) is first hydrotreated in a hydrotreater (11) which it enters through inlet (12). From hydrotreater (11), the desulfurised naphtha passes through line (13) to the second reactor (14) in which it is contacted with ZSM-5 or another acidic catalyst, for example zeolite beta or MCM-22 where a controlled degree of cracking takes place with an octane, which was lost in the hydrotreater, being restored. The effluents from reactor (14) are separated and further processed.
Abstract:
This invention provides a process for producing a distillate boiling-range hydrocarbon product which comprises hydrotreating a hydrodesulfurized aromatic, substantially dealkylated hydrocarbon feed produced by the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon fraction, the feed having an initial boiling point of at least 149 DEG C (300 DEG F), an aromatic content of at least 30 weight percent, a hydrogen content not more than 12 weight percent and a sulfur content of not more than 5000 ppmw, in the presence of a catalyst comprising an inorganic, non-layered, porous, crystalline phase material having pores with diameters of at least 1.3 nm (13 ANGSTROM ), and exhibiting, after calcination, an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak with a relative intensity of 100 at a d-spacing greater than 1.8 nm (18 ANGSTROM ), the material containing at least one Group VIII metal and less than 5000 ppm Na, the process being carried out at a hydrogen partial pressure of not more than 1000 psig to evolve product containing less than 10 weight percent aromatics and less than 300 ppmw sulfur at a 390 DEG F+ feed conversion of less than 30 weight percent.
Abstract:
There is provided a process for demetallizing hydrocarbon feedstocks, such as resids or shale oil. The process uses a catalyst comprising at least one hydrogenation metal, such as nickel and molybdenum, and an ultra-large pore oxide material. This ultra-large pore oxide material may have uniformly large pores, e.g., having a size of 40 nm in diameter.
Abstract:
A process for a shape selective hydrocarbon conversion such as toluene disproportionation, involves contacting a reaction stream under conversion conditions with a catalytic molecular sieve which has been preselectivated by agglomerating with an organosilicon compound.
Abstract:
Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurisation followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. A catalytically cracked naphtha from the FCC main column (10) is first hydrotreated in a hydrotreater (11) which it enters through inlet (12). From hydrotreater (11), the desulfurised naphtha passes through line (13) to the second reactor (14) in which it is contacted with ZSM-5 or another acidic catalyst, for example zeolite beta or MCM-22 where a controlled degree of cracking takes place with an octane, which was lost in the hydrotreater, being restored. The effluents from reactor (14) are separated and further processed.
Abstract:
A catalytic composition comprises a metal hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component supported on a support material comprising an ultra-large pore crystalline material of high surface area and porosity. The crystalline material exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25 °C, and has uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Å. In a preferred form, the support material, which is preferably a metallosilicate such as an aluminosilicate, has the pores in a hexagonal arrangement, giving rise to a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d100 value greater than about 18 Å. The catalytic composition is useful in petroleum refining, e.g. hydrocracking of mineral oil feedstocks.
Abstract:
Long chain alkyl substituted naphthalenes are produced by the alkylation of naphthalene with an olefin or other alkylating agent possessing at least 6 carbon atoms, usually 12 to 20 carbon atoms, in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising a zeolite having rare earths associated with less than 50 % of the exchangeable sites of the zeolite. The zeolite is usually a large pore size zeolite such as zeolite USY. The partial exchange with rare earths increases the selectivity of the catalyst for the production of long chain mono-alkyl substituted naphthalenes in preference to more highly substituted products.