Abstract:
Provided is an aggregate of carbon nanotubes wherein a mixture of 10 mg of aggregate of carbon nanotubes, 30 mg of sodium polystyrene sulfonate and 10 mL of water is subjected to ultrasonic homogenizer treatment, subsequently subjected to centrifugal treatment at 20000 G, then 9 mL of supernatant is sampled, and the content of aggregate of carbon nanotubes in the supernatant is 0.6 mg/mL or more. The aggregate of carbon nanotubes of the present invention can provide a dispersion of an aggregate of carbon nanotubes having a high concentration through very good dispersibility.
Abstract:
It is intended to prepare compositions which contain polysaccharides at a high concentration and yet remain in the state of a liquid having a low viscosity to thereby provide drugs, eyedrops, foods, cosmetics, toiletry products, etc. having a novel texture and/or function. A composition in the state of a liquid having a low viscosity can be obtained by heating polysaccharides (for example, agar) at a high concentration in a water-containing liquid and then cooling under applying a shear force. Thus, the above-described drugs can be provided. Compositions usable as aqueous drug bases, which never undergo gelation due to temperature changes during storage and can be easily applied without pouring down, can be provided. Moreover, eyedrops containing agar have an effect of improving the migration of a drug into the eye. Furthermore, eyedrops containing agar in the form of fine grains can maintain a low viscosity and, in its turn, dry well and impart a favorable feel in dropping.
Abstract:
A method of converting at least one aromatic compound selected among (a) an aromatic compound having three or more substituents, (b) an aromatic compound having two substituents at least one of which is a halogen or has two or more carbon atoms, and (c) a substituted naphthalene or anthracene derivative, characterized by contacting the aromatic compound with a catalyst comprising a zeolite characterized in that (1) the main channels thereof have a minimum inlet diameter larger than 0.65 nm or a maximum inlet diameter larger than 0.70 nm and (2) the main channels each does not intersect a void larger than a ten-membered oxygen ring. By the method, an aromatic compound having a relatively large molecular size can be efficiently converted.
Abstract:
An atmosphere of a carbon source comprising an oxygenic compound is brought into contact with a catalyst with heating to yield single-walled carbon nanotubes. The carbon source comprising an oxygenic compound preferably is an alcohol and/or ether. The catalyst preferably is a metal. The heating temperature is preferably 500 to 1,500°C. The single-walled carbon nanotubes thus yielded contain no foreign substances and have satisfactory quality with few defects.
Abstract:
A method for preparing hollow nanofibers having carbon as a primary component, which comprises contacting a carbon-containing compound with a catalyst at a temperature of 500 to 1200 DEG C, wherein as the catalyst use is made of a catalyst comprising a zeolite exhibiting the thermal resistance at 900 DEG C and, supported thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a metallosilicate zeolite containing a heteroatom except aluminum and silicon in the structural framework thereof and, supported thereon, a metal; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a binding energy of a cobalt 2P3/2 electron of 779.3 to 781.0 eV, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a cobalt atom ratio in the surface of the supporting material of 0.1 to 1.5%, as measured by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under a condition of 10 kV and 18 mA; a catalyst comprising a supporting material and, supported thereon, fine cobalt particles exhibiting a weight ratio of cobalt to a second metal component (weight of cobalt/weight of the second metal component) of 2.5 or more; or a catalyst comprising a zeolite having a film form and, supported on the surface thereof, a metal.
Abstract:
A process for halogenation of benzene or benzene derivatives, by which dihalogenated benzene derivatives having halogen atoms at positions para to each other or trihalogenated derivatives having halogen atoms at the 1-, 2-, and 4-positions can be selectively produced. In halogenating benzene or a benzene derivative by using a zeolite catalyst, a zeolite (such as zeolite L) which either contains fluorine or has a crystallite diameter of 100 nm or below is used as the catalyst. The reaction is preferably conducted in the presence of a solvent, the solvent being preferably a halogen-containing compound.