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公开(公告)号：US5389469A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-14
申请号：US75889
申请日：1993-06-14
摘要： Solid divalent silver oxide is reacted in hot aqueous alkaline reaction medium with a solid bismuth component and a reducing agent. The reaction product comprises a novel compound containing silver, bismuth, and oxygen, which is used in making cathode pellets for use in alkaline electrochemical cells. The cells exhibit low internal impedance and substantially single voltage discharge characteristic of monovalent silver oxide while retaining a significant portion of the coulombic capacity a of divalent silver cathode, without toxicity problems attendant cathodes containing lead and/or cadmium.
摘要翻译： 固体二价氧化银在热水性碱性反应介质中与固体铋组分和还原剂反应。 反应产物包括含有银，铋和氧的新化合物，其用于制备用于碱性电化学电池的阴极颗粒。 电池表现出低的内部阻抗和单一氧化银的基本单电压放电特性，同时保留了二价银阴极的库仑容量a的大部分，而没有含有铅和/或镉的伴随的阴极的毒性问题。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090078568A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US12177312
申请日：2008-07-22
申请人： Karthik Ramaswami , Zhihong Jin , Erik Mortensen , Gregory J. Davidson , Mario DeStephen , Joseph L. Passaniti , Jon Luecke , Jamie L. Ostroha , Tony Rubsam , Juergen Scherer , Viet Vu , William C. Bushong
发明人： Karthik Ramaswami , Zhihong Jin , Erik Mortensen , Gregory J. Davidson , Mario DeStephen , Joseph L. Passaniti , Jon Luecke , Jamie L. Ostroha , Tony Rubsam , Juergen Scherer , Viet Vu , William C. Bushong
IPC分类号： C25B9/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04201 , C01B3/065 , C25B1/10 , H01M8/04216 , H01M8/0606 , H01M8/065 , Y02E60/362 , Y02E60/366
摘要： The present disclosure generally relates to an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device, suitable for use in a fuel cell, which utilizes water electrolysis, and more particularly galvanic cell corrosion, and/or a chemical hydride reaction, to produce hydrogen gas. The present disclosure additionally relates to such a device that comprises a switching mechanism that has an electrical current passing therethrough and that repeatedly and reversibly moves between a first position and a second position when exposed to pressure differential resulting from hydrogen gas generation, in order to (1) alter the rate at which hydrogen gas is generated, such that hydrogen gas is generated on an as-needed basis for a fuel cell connected thereto, and/or (2) ensure a substantially constant flow of hydrogen gas is released therefrom. The present disclosure additionally or alternatively relates to such an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device that comprises a gas management system designed to maximize the release or evolution of hydrogen gas, and in particular dry hydrogen gas, therefrom once it has been formed, thus maximizing hydrogen gas output. The present disclosure is still further directed to a fuel cell comprising such an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device, and in particular a fuel cell designed for small-scale applications.
摘要翻译： 本公开总体上涉及一种适用于燃料电池的按需氢气生成装置，其利用水电解，特别是电化学电池腐蚀和/或化学氢化物反应来产生氢气。 本公开另外涉及这样的装置，其包括切换机构，其具有穿过其中的电流，并且当暴露于由氢气产生产生的压力差时，可以在第一位置和第二位置之间反复和可逆地移动，以便（ 1）改变产生氢气的速率，使得根据需要为与其连接的燃料电池产生氢气，和/或（2）确保从其中释放基本上恒定的氢气流。 本公开另外地或替代地涉及这样一种按需氢气生成装置，其包括气体管理系统，其被设计成使得一旦形成氢气的氢气的释放或释放最大化，特别是干氢气，从而最大化 氢气输出。 本公开还涉及包括这种按需氢气生成装置的燃料电池，特别是为小规模应用而设计的燃料电池。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5650246A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-22
申请号：US542809
申请日：1995-10-13
CPC分类号： H01M4/669 , H01M12/06 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/74 , H01M4/86 , H01M2004/8689 , Y10S428/929 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A metal current collecting substrate for an air cathode in an electrochemical metal air cell is provided for, wherein the substrate is hardened by one of the steps of sandblasting, shotblasting, plastic deformation of the substrate below the recrystallization temperature range of the metal thereof, and heating the substrate to above the transformation temperature of the metal thereof followed by quenching the substrate below the transformation temperature of the metal thereof. Catalytically active materials, most preferably a mixture of carbon and manganese dioxide, are pressed or otherwise disposed upon the hardened substrate. The substrate is capable of being connected to electrical circuitry. Most preferably, the substrate is a metal screen that has been hardened, roughened and pitted by sandblasting before the catalytically active materials are disposed thereupon, and before the substrate is incorporated into an electrochemical metal air cell.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于电化学金属空气电池中的空气阴极的金属集流基板，其中通过喷砂，喷丸，低于其金属的再结晶温度范围的基板的塑性变形中的一个步骤来硬化基板，以及 将基板加热至其金属的转变温度以上，然后使基板在其金属的相变温度以下淬火。 催化活性材料，最优选碳和二氧化锰的混合物被压制或以其它方式设置在硬化的基底上。 基板能够连接到电路。 最优选地，基材是金属筛，其在将催化活性材料置于其之前以及在将基底结合到电化学金属空气电池中之前已通过喷砂而被硬化，粗糙化和凹陷。
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公开(公告)号：US5589109A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US387296
申请日：1995-02-10
摘要： Solid divalent silver oxide is reacted in hot aqueous alkaline reaction medium with a solid bismuth component and a reducing agent. The reaction product comprises a novel compound containing silver, bismuth, and oxygen, which is used in making cathode pellets for use in alkaline electrochemical cells. The cells exhibit low internal impedance and substantially single voltage discharge characteristic of monovalent silver oxide while retaining a significant portion of the coulombic capacity a of divalent silver cathode, without toxicity problems attendant cathodes containing lead and/or cadmium.
摘要翻译： 固体二价氧化银在热水性碱性反应介质中与固体铋组分和还原剂反应。 反应产物包括含有银，铋和氧的新化合物，其用于制备用于碱性电化学电池的阴极颗粒。 电池表现出低的内部阻抗和单一氧化银的基本单电压放电特性，同时保留了二价银阴极的库仑容量a的大部分，而没有含有铅和/或镉的伴随的阴极的毒性问题。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5587259A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US208450
申请日：1994-03-09
CPC分类号： H01M4/669 , H01M12/06 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/74 , H01M4/86 , H01M2004/8689 , Y10S428/929 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： A metal current collecting substrate for an air cathode in an electrochemical metal air cell is provided for, wherein the substrate is hardened by one of the steps of sandblasting, shotblasting, plastic deformation of the substrate below the recrystallization temperature range of the metal thereof, and heating the substrate to above the transformation temperature of the metal thereof followed by quenching the substrate below the transformation temperature of the metal thereof. Catalytically active materials, most preferably a mixture of carbon and manganese dioxide, are pressed or otherwise disposed upon the hardened substrate. The substrate is capable of being connected to electrical circuitry. Most preferably, the substrate is a metal screen that has been hardened, roughened and pitted by sandblasting before the catalytically active materials are disposed thereupon, and before the substrate is incorporated into an electrochemical metal air cell.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于电化学金属空气电池中的空气阴极的金属集流基板，其中通过喷砂，喷丸，低于其金属的再结晶温度范围的基板的塑性变形中的一个步骤来硬化基板，以及 将基板加热至其金属的转变温度以上，然后使基板在其金属的相变温度以下淬火。 催化活性材料，最优选碳和二氧化锰的混合物被压制或以其它方式设置在硬化的基底上。 基板能够连接到电路。 最优选地，基材是金属筛，其在将催化活性材料置于其之前以及在将基底结合到电化学金属空气电池中之前已通过喷砂而被硬化，粗糙化和凹陷。
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6.发明授权Metal-air cathode and cell having catalytically active manganese compounds of valence state +2 失效金属空气阴极和具有催化活性的锰化合物价态的电池+2
公开(公告)号：US5308711A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US15641
申请日：1993-02-09
CPC分类号： H01M4/9016 , H01M12/06 , H01M4/96
摘要： An air cathode for a metal-air cell and methods for making it are provided. In the air cathode of the present invention, manganese compounds of valence state +2 act as catalysts for the reduction of oxygen, and are distributed substantially evenly throughout a carbon matrix. Manganese compounds of valence state +2 form between carbon particles after the carbon particles are added to an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于金属 - 空气电池的空气阴极及其制造方法。 在本发明的空气阴极中，价态为+2的锰化合物作为还原氧的催化剂，并且基本均匀地分布在整个碳基质中。 在将碳粒子加入到高锰酸钾水溶液中之后，碳粒子之间形成的价态化合物为+2的锰化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US20090081501A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US12177285
申请日：2008-07-22
申请人： Viet Vu , Zhihong Jin , Juergen Scherer , Joseph L. Passaniti , Gregory J. Davidson , Craig Rom , Mario DeStephen , Jon Luecke , Erik Mortensen , Jamie L. Ostroha , Karthik Ramaswami , Tony Rubsam , William C. Bushong
发明人： Viet Vu , Zhihong Jin , Juergen Scherer , Joseph L. Passaniti , Gregory J. Davidson , Craig Rom , Mario DeStephen , Jon Luecke , Erik Mortensen , Jamie L. Ostroha , Karthik Ramaswami , Tony Rubsam , William C. Bushong
CPC分类号： H01M8/0606 , C01B3/065 , C25B1/10 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04216 , H01M8/065 , Y02E60/362 , Y02E60/366
摘要： The present disclosure generally relates to an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device, suitable for use in a fuel cell, which utilizes water electrolysis, and more particularly galvanic cell corrosion, and/or a chemical hydride reaction, to produce hydrogen gas. The present disclosure additionally relates to such a device that comprises a switching mechanism that has an electrical current passing therethrough and that repeatedly and reversibly moves between a first position and a second position when exposed to pressure differential resulting from hydrogen gas generation, in order to (1) alter the rate at which hydrogen gas is generated, such that hydrogen gas is generated on an as-needed basis for a fuel cell connected thereto, and/or (2) ensure a substantially constant flow of hydrogen gas is released therefrom. The present disclosure additionally or alternatively relates to such an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device that comprises a gas management system designed to maximize the release or evolution of hydrogen gas, and in particular dry hydrogen gas, therefrom once it has been formed, thus maximizing hydrogen gas output. The present disclosure is still further directed to a fuel cell comprising such an on-demand hydrogen gas generation device, and in particular a fuel cell designed for small-scale applications.
摘要翻译： 本公开总体上涉及一种适用于燃料电池的按需氢气生成装置，其利用水电解，特别是电化学电池腐蚀和/或化学氢化物反应来产生氢气。 本公开另外涉及这样的装置，其包括切换机构，其具有穿过其中的电流，并且当暴露于由氢气产生产生的压力差时，可以在第一位置和第二位置之间反复和可逆地移动，以便（ 1）改变产生氢气的速率，使得根据需要为与其连接的燃料电池产生氢气，和/或（2）确保从其中释放基本上恒定的氢气流。 本公开另外地或替代地涉及这样一种按需氢气生成装置，其包括气体管理系统，其被设计成使得一旦形成氢气的氢气的释放或释放最大化，特别是干氢气，从而最大化 氢气输出。 本公开还涉及包括这种按需氢气生成装置的燃料电池，特别是为小规模应用而设计的燃料电池。
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8.发明授权Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with silicon compounds 失效具有涂层的碱性二氧化锰电化学电池可用硅化合物处理
公开(公告)号：US6153330A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-28
申请号：US127086
申请日：1998-07-31
CPC分类号： H01M4/66 , H01M10/283 , H01M2/0272 , H01M2/0275 , H01M4/62 , H01M6/08 , H01M6/085 , H01M2/0295 , Y02P70/54
摘要： The performance characteristics of alkaline manganese dioxide cells are improved by applying a thin, polymeric coating to the inner surface of an unplated steel positive current collector, and including a silicon compound in the coating. The polymeric coating comprises, in combination, a first film forming binder component and a second component comprising an electrically conductive component such as carbon or a filler. The combination of the coating and the silicon compound reduces the internal resistance of the cell, and may be used on unplated steel.
摘要翻译： 通过将薄的聚合物涂层施加到未镀覆的钢正极集电器的内表面并且在涂层中包括硅化合物来改善碱性二氧化锰电池的性能特性。 聚合物涂层组合包含第一成膜粘合剂组分和包含诸如碳或填料的导电组分的第二组分。 涂层和硅化合物的组合降低了电池的内阻，并可用于未镀层的钢。
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公开(公告)号：US6010802A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-04
申请号：US589610
申请日：1996-01-22
CPC分类号： H01M2/0421 , H01M2/1241
摘要： Collector assemblies and methods of making and using them, and electrochemical cells made with such current collector assemblies, are disclosed. The invention provides a current collector assembly which permits safe, effective venting of pressure in the cell; reduces early activation of venting structures in the current collector assembly; contains fewer piece parts than known structurally-robust current collectors; is easy to implement; and provides superior tolerance to outside impact forces. Current collectors of the invention provide a stiffer, more rigid washer, repositioned closer to the bottom plate at its central region while the washer maintains the traditional function of controlling positioning of the seal body of the current collector assembly. Increasing stiffness, rigidity, and the repositioning of the washer is accomplished by a combination of structurally sculpturing the cross-section of the washer, hardening the temper of the washer, and providing a plateau adjacent the center of the bottom plate. Washer vent holes are relocated away from the central region, the bottom plate being most vulnerable to attack in the central region. Overall, the improved washer provides both support to the seal body against outwardly-directed internal pressures within the cell and support to the bottom plate against inwardly directed impact forces from outside the cell.
摘要翻译： 公开了集电器组件及其制造和使用方法，以及由这种集电器组件制成的电化学电池。 本发明提供一种集电器组件，其允许电池中的压力的安全，有效的排气; 减少集电器组件中通风结构的早期激活; 包含比已知的结构稳健集电器更少的零件; 易于实施; 并且对外部冲击力提供优异的耐受性。 本发明的电流收集器提供了更硬更坚硬的垫圈，其更靠近底板在其中心区域重新定位，同时垫圈保持控制集电器组件的密封体定位的传统功能。 通过结构地雕刻垫圈的横截面，硬化洗衣机的回火并提供邻近底板的中心的平台来实现垫圈的增加刚度，刚性和重新定位。 洗衣机排气孔远离中心区域，底板最容易受到中部地区的袭击。 总体而言，改进的垫圈提供了对密封体的支撑，以抵抗电池内的向外导向的内部压力，并且支撑底板抵抗来自电池外部的向内指向的冲击力。
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10.发明授权Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with sodium silicate 失效具有涂层的碱性二氧化锰电化学电池可用硅酸钠处理
公开(公告)号：US5814419A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US522849
申请日：1995-09-01
CPC分类号： H01M2/0272 , H01M10/283 , H01M2/0275 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/08 , H01M6/085 , H01M2/0295 , Y02P70/54
摘要： The performance characteristics of alkaline manganese dioxide cells are improved by applying a thin, polymeric coating to the inner surface of an unplated steel positive current collector, and treating the current collector with an aqueous solution of sodium silicate before or after the coating is applied to the inner surface. Silicic acid may also be added to the coating before its application to the inner surface of the current collector. In either embodiment of the invention, sodium silicate or silicic acid may also be added to the cathode mixture. The polymeric coating comprises, in combination, a first film forming binder component and a second component comprising an electrically conductive component such as carbon or a filler. The combination of the coating and the sodium silicate or silicic acid treatment of the current collector reduces the internal resistance of the cell, and may even be used on unplated steel.
摘要翻译： 通过将薄的聚合物涂层施加到未镀覆的钢正极集电器的内表面上来改善碱性二氧化锰电池的性能特征，并且在施加涂层之前或之后用硅酸钠水溶液处理集电体 内表面。 在施加到集电器的内表面之前，也可以将硅酸加入到涂层中。 在本发明的任一实施方案中，也可以将硅酸钠或硅酸加入到阴极混合物中。 聚合物涂层组合包含第一成膜粘合剂组分和包含诸如碳或填料的导电组分的第二组分。 涂层和硅酸钠或硅酸处理集电体的组合降低了电池的内阻，甚至可以用于未镀层的钢。
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