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公开(公告)号：US08702910B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US12323191
申请日：2008-11-25
摘要： A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The stream may then be processed through a sorbent bed to effectively remove the sulfur compounds.
摘要翻译： 用于从初级燃料流产生含有低浓度硫化合物的辅助燃料流的系统包括：第一分离阶段，将初级燃料流的一部分分离成第一蒸气渗透物流和第一滞留物流;第一分离段 连接到第一蒸汽渗透物流的部分冷凝器将第一蒸汽渗透物流的一部分冷凝成第一液流流和第一蒸汽级流，以及将第一蒸汽级流的一部分冷凝成第二蒸汽级流的第二分级级部分冷凝器 液态 然后可以通过吸附剂床处理料流以有效地除去硫化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US08372170B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-12
申请号：US12687625
申请日：2010-01-14
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/0005 , B01J2219/00006 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0888 , C01B2203/1294 , C01B2203/1604 , Y02E60/324 , Y02P20/128
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that has a vaporization section receiving and vaporizing fuel along with water and passing the vapor to a reformer catalyst section heated by a combustor section which generates reformate gas and is fueled by off-gas from a H2 purification unit along with a combustion air source. The off-gas outlet feeds the combustor section in the reformer assembly to heat the catalyst section and the vaporization section. An H2 storage unit connected to the H2 purification unit pure H2 outlet receives the pure H2. The storage unit has an outlet selectively connectable to the reformer assembly process inlet during startup without the need for a spark igniter. The startup process includes generating heat in the combustor section of the reformer assembly by passing H2 from the H2 storage unit through the vaporization section, the reformer catalyst section, the H2 purification unit and through the off-gas connection to the combustor section, then introducing water and fuel through the vaporization section and reformer catalyst section to generate reformate gas when the system is warmed, passing the reformate gas through the H2 purification unit to the off-gas connection to the combustor section, and establishing a back pressure on the reformer catalyst section and vaporizer section to decrease the hydrogen flow from the H2 storage unit until the system is fully sustainable without addition of H2 from the H2 storage unit.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种氢气发生系统，其具有蒸发部分，其与水一起接收和蒸发燃料，并将蒸气传递到由燃烧器部分加热的重整器催化剂部分，燃烧器部分产生重整气体，并由来自H 2净化单元的废气燃料连同，以及 燃烧空气源。 废气出口将重整器组件中的燃烧器部分供给到加热催化剂部分和蒸发部分。 连接到H2净化单元纯H2出口的H2储存单元接收纯H2。 存储单元具有在启动期间可选择性地连接到重整器组件过程入口的出口，而不需要火花点火器。 启动过程包括通过使来自H 2存储单元的H 2通过蒸发部分，重整器催化剂部分，H 2纯化单元和通过与燃烧器部分的废气连接而引入重整器组件的燃烧器部分中的热量，然后引入 通过蒸发部分和重整器催化剂部分的水和燃料，当系统被加热时产生重整气体，使重整气体通过H 2净化单元到达与燃烧器部分的废气连接，并在重整器催化剂上建立背压 截面和蒸发器部分，以减少来自H 2存储单元的氢气流，直到系统完全可持续，而不需要从H 2存储单元中添加H 2。
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公开(公告)号：US20090166264A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-02
申请号：US12323191
申请日：2008-11-25
摘要： A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The first vapor permeate stream is preferable sent through a vapor phase reactive desulfurization catalyst reactor to condition any sulfur compounds present into species that can be easily separated from the fuel stream. The process includes isolating a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream from a primary fuel stream by passing a portion of the primary fuel stream through a first membrane separation stage, condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream in a first separation stage partial condenser into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and passing the first vapor stage stream through a desulfurization reactor. The stream may then be processed through a sorbent bed to effectively remove the sulfur compounds.
摘要翻译： 用于从初级燃料流产生含有低浓度硫化合物的辅助燃料流的系统包括：第一分离阶段，将初级燃料流的一部分分离成第一蒸气渗透物流和第一滞留物流;第一分离段 连接到第一蒸汽渗透物流的部分冷凝器将第一蒸汽渗透物流的一部分冷凝成第一液流流和第一蒸汽级流，以及将第一蒸汽级流的一部分冷凝成第二蒸汽级流的第二分级级部分冷凝器 液态 第一蒸气渗透物流优选通过气相反应性脱硫催化剂反应器送出，以使存在的物质中的任何硫化合物能够容易地与燃料流分离。 该方法包括通过使主要燃料流的一部分通过第一膜分离阶段从初级燃料流中分离第一蒸汽渗透物流和第一滞留物流，将第一蒸气渗透物流的一部分在第一分离段中部分 冷凝器进入第一液站流和第一蒸汽级流，并使第一蒸汽级流通过脱硫反应器。 然后可以通过吸附剂床处理料流以有效地除去硫化合物。
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20070012184A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-18
申请号：US11534764
申请日：2006-09-25
IPC分类号： B01D53/22
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , B01D2317/025 , C10G31/11 , H01M8/0675
摘要： A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The first vapor permeate stream is preferable sent through a vapor phase reactive desulfurization catalyst reactor to condition any sulfur compounds present into species that can be easily separated from the fuel stream. The process includes isolating a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream from a primary fuel stream by passing a portion of the primary fuel stream through a first membrane separation stage, condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream in a first separation stage partial condenser into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and passing the first vapor stage stream through a desulfurization reactor. The stream may then be processed through a sorbent bed to effectively remove the sulfur compounds.
摘要翻译： 用于从初级燃料流产生含有低浓度硫化合物的辅助燃料流的系统包括：第一分离阶段，将初级燃料流的一部分分离成第一蒸气渗透物流和第一滞留物流;第一分离段 连接到第一蒸汽渗透物流的部分冷凝器将第一蒸汽渗透物流的一部分冷凝成第一液流流和第一蒸汽级流，以及将第一蒸汽级流的一部分冷凝成第二蒸汽级流的第二分级级部分冷凝器 液态 第一蒸气渗透物流优选通过气相反应性脱硫催化剂反应器送出，以使存在的物质中的任何硫化合物能够容易地与燃料流分离。 该方法包括通过使主要燃料流的一部分通过第一膜分离阶段从初级燃料流中分离出第一蒸气渗透物流和第一滞留物物流，将第一蒸气渗透物流的一部分在第一分离段部分 冷凝器进入第一液站流和第一蒸汽级流，并使第一蒸汽级流通过脱硫反应器。 然后可以通过吸附剂床处理料流以有效地除去硫化合物。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20060169639A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US11345980
申请日：2006-02-01
IPC分类号： B01D61/36
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , C10G31/11 , H01M8/0675
摘要： A process and system for separating a fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream is disclosed. The process includes isolating a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream from the primary fuel stream, evaporating the stage-one permeate stream at a vacuum, and isolating a stage-two permeate stream and a stage-two retentate stream from the stage-one permeate stream. The stage-two retentate stream is a fuel stream containing low concentrations of sulfur compounds. The system includes a fuel supply, a stage-one separator for separating a fuel stream into a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream, a stage-two separator, a first supply line connecting a portion of the fuel supply to the stage-one separator, and a second supply line connecting the stage-one separator permeate stream to the stage-two separator. The stage-two separator isolates the stage-one separator permeate stream into a stage-two permeate stream and a stage-two retentate stream.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从初级燃料流中分离含有低浓度硫化合物的燃料流的方法和系统。 该方法包括从初级燃料流中分离一级渗透物流和一级渗流物流，在真空下蒸发一级渗透物流，并将第二级渗透物流和二级渗余物流从 一阶段渗透流。 二级滞留物流是含有低浓度硫化合物的燃料流。 该系统包括燃料供应器，用于将燃料流分离成一级渗透物流和一级渗流物流的一级分离器，二级分离器，连接燃料供应部分的第一供应管线 一级分离器和将一级分离器渗透物流连接到二级分离器的第二供应管线。 阶段二分离器将一级分离器渗透物流分离成二级渗透物流和二级渗余物流。
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公开(公告)号：US4145274A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-20
申请号：US794136
申请日：1977-05-05
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10B49/20 , Y10S208/951
摘要： In a continuous process for recovery of values contained in a solid carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material is comminuted and then subjected to flash pyrolysis in the presence of a particulate heat source fed over an overflow weir to form a pyrolysis product stream containing a carbon containing solid residue and volatilized hydrocarbons. After the carbon containing solid residue is separated from the pyrolysis product stream, values are obtained by condensing volatilized hydrocarbons. The particulate source of heat is formed by oxidizing carbon in the solid residue.
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公开(公告)号：US4102773A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-25
申请号：US700007
申请日：1976-06-25
CPC分类号： C10B49/20
摘要： In a continuous process for recovery of values contained in a solid carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material is comminuted and then subjected to flash pyrolysis in the presence of a particulate heat source over an overflow weir to form a pyrolysis product stream containing a carbon containing solid residue and volatilized hydrocarbons. After the carbon containing solid residue is separated from the pyrolysis product stream, values are obtained by condensing volatilized hydrocarbons. The particulate source of heat is formed by oxidizing carbon in the solid residue and separating out the fines.
摘要翻译： 在用于回收包含在固体碳质材料中的值的连续方法中，将碳质材料粉碎，然后在溢流堰上的颗粒热源存在下进行快速热解，以形成含有含碳固体残余物的热解产物流 和挥发的碳氢化合物。 将含碳固体残余物与热解产物流分离后，通过将挥发的烃缩合得到值。 颗粒热源通过氧化固体残渣中的碳并分离出细粉来形成。
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公开(公告)号：US07892321B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-22
申请号：US12106834
申请日：2008-04-21
IPC分类号： B01D53/22
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , B01D2311/04 , B01D2313/22 , C10G31/11 , H01M8/0675 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32 , B01D2311/103
摘要： An integrated heating system for adding heat to a feed fuel within a module by way of an integrated heating element within the body or casing of the module. The heat may be selectively added to maintain a selected temperature.
摘要翻译： 一种集成加热系统，用于通过在模块的主体或壳体内的集成加热元件向模块内的进料燃料加热。 可以选择性地添加热量以保持所选择的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US20090220394A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-03
申请号：US12090325
申请日：2006-10-17
申请人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Leonard Weschta , Christian Hulteberg
发明人： Richard Root Woods , Brook Forest Porter , Kandaswamy Duraiswamy , Leonard Weschta , Christian Hulteberg
CPC分类号： C01B3/384 , B01J8/0407 , B01J8/0419 , B01J8/0438 , B01J8/0442 , B01J19/249 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/022 , B01J2219/1943 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2458 , B01J2219/246 , B01J2219/2462 , B01J2219/2464 , B01J2219/2465 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2479 , B01J2219/2481 , B01J2219/2482 , B01J2219/2491 , B01J2219/2493 , B01J2219/2495 , B01J2219/2496 , B01J2219/2498 , C01B3/0005 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/04 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/143 , Y02E60/324 , Y02P20/128
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes an integrated steam reforming reactor. The reactor has an overall cylindrical shape, receives a reformate and separately receiving a combustion gas mixture. The reactor includes a plurality of reforming stages arranged in a stacked series of disc shaped stage configuration, wherein each reforming stage has a disc shaped combustion portion adjacent a disc shaped catalyst pack through which the reformate passes, wherein the reformate is directed axially between stages and radially within each stage; and the combustion mixture is directed radially between groups of stages and circumferentially within each stage.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种氢气生成系统，其包括集成的蒸汽重整反应器。 反应器具有总体圆柱形形状，接收重整产物并分别接收燃烧气体混合物。 反应器包括多个重整级，其布置成堆叠的一系列盘形级结构，其中每个重整级具有邻近重整产品通过的盘形催化剂组件的盘形燃烧部分，其中重整产品在轴向上定向在阶段和 在每个阶段的径向; 并且燃烧混合物在每个阶段内径向地指向阶段组和周向。
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公开(公告)号：US20070212295A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-13
申请号：US11536279
申请日：2006-09-28
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/147 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit. The hydrogen can be further purified by including a secondary purification stage downstream of the PSA unit and the catalytic reactor wherein the secondary purification stage has a water adsorbent material bed that adsorbs the water vapor H2O and a hydrogen absorbent material downstream of the water absorbent material that absorbs hydrogen gas preferentially, thus concentrating the non-hydrogen components, such as CH4, into an exhaust stream that exits the bed, wherein the absorbed hydrogen gas is then desorbed to create an exiting very pure hydrogen stream.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种氢生成系统，其包括在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体的燃料重整反应器，将重整气分离成相对纯的氢气流的变压吸附（PSA）氢气净化单元，以及 以及PSA单元的下游催化反应器，其将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 N 2）转化成甲烷（CH 4） ）和水蒸汽（H 2 O 2）。 纯化方法包括在燃料重整反应器中在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流和变压吸附（PSA）氢气中的废气流 净化单元，并将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 H 2）转化成甲烷（CH 3/4）和水蒸气（H 2 O）在PSA单元的下游催化反应器中。 可以通过在PSA单元和催化反应器的下游包括二级净化级来进一步纯化氢气，其中二次净化级具有吸附水蒸气H 2 O 2的水吸附剂床和氢 吸收材料下游的吸收材料，优先吸收氢气，从而将非氢组分（例如CH 4）浓缩到离开床的排气流中，其中吸收的氢气是 脱附以产生离开的非常纯的氢气流。
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