Partial oxidation high turndown apparatus
    1.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation high turndown apparatus 失效
    部分氧化高调节仪

    公开(公告)号:US4400179A

    公开(公告)日:1983-08-23

    申请号:US272417

    申请日:1981-06-10

    Abstract: A burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. A control system is presented for varying the flow rates of the oxidant and fuel streams and/or for switching the reactant streams through one or both sections of the subject burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown of the burner and in the production of the effluent gas.

    Abstract translation: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 提出了一种控制系统,用于改变氧化剂和燃料流的流速和/或用于通过对象燃烧器的一个或两个部分切换反应物流,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节和废气的生产 。

    Partial oxidation process
    2.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process 失效
    部分氧化工艺

    公开(公告)号:US4394137A

    公开(公告)日:1983-07-19

    申请号:US272420

    申请日:1981-06-10

    Abstract: A partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a differing fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifie and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.

    Abstract translation: 用于连续生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法,其中一个燃料被不同的燃料代替,而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联,并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择,燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器,其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心管和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离,即中心出口的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统,用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂,燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。

    High turndown partial oxidation process
    3.
    发明授权
    High turndown partial oxidation process 失效
    高调整部分氧化过程

    公开(公告)号:US4392869A

    公开(公告)日:1983-07-12

    申请号:US272415

    申请日:1981-06-10

    Abstract: A burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed--up and down--without sacrificing stable operation. A control system is presented for varying the flow rates of the oxidant and fuel streams and/or for switching the reactant streams through one or both sections of the subject burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown of the burner and in the production of the effluent gas.

    Abstract translation: 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 提出了一种控制系统,用于改变氧化剂和燃料流的流速和/或用于通过对象燃烧器的一个或两个部分切换反应物流,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节和废气的生产 。

    Partial oxidation process using a swirl burner
    4.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process using a swirl burner 失效
    使用旋流燃烧器的部分氧化过程

    公开(公告)号:US4371379A

    公开(公告)日:1983-02-01

    申请号:US352444

    申请日:1982-02-25

    Abstract: A partial oxidation process using a swirl burner for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The swirl burner may have pre-mix and/or high turndown features. By means of the burner a first reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a central bundle of helical tubes. Simultaneously a second reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a plurality of related passages formed in the cylindrical space that surrounds said central bundle of helical tubes and/or the interstices between the helical tubes. When the two swirling reactant feed streams impinge, either upstream from the face of the burner in a pre-mix zone or downstream from the face of the burner, in the gas generator, they are intimately mixed together. The combustion efficiency of the burner is thereby improved. In another embodiment, the burner includes a coaxial annular bundle of helical tubes surrounding said first conduit and a plurality of related helical passages formed in the annular space occupied by said annular bundle of helical tubes. Flow through the burner may be turned up or down.

    Abstract translation: 使用旋流燃烧器从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料中生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法。 旋流燃烧器可以具有预混合和/或高调整功能。 借助于燃烧器,第一反应物流通过向下穿过中心的螺旋管束而被分成多个旋流。 同时,第二反应物流通过向下通过形成在围绕所述中心螺旋管束束的圆柱形空间中的多个相关通道和/或螺旋管之间的间隙而分裂成多个旋流。 当两个旋转的反应物进料流在燃烧器的预混合区域或燃烧器的表面的下游从燃烧器的表面上游到气体发生器中时,它们紧密地混合在一起。 从而提高燃烧器的燃烧效率。 在另一个实施例中,燃烧器包括围绕所述第一管道的同轴环形螺旋管束和形成在所述环形螺旋管束所占据的环形空间中的多个相关螺旋通道。 流经燃烧器的流量可能会上升或下降。

    Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures
    5.
    发明授权
    Production of nitrogen-rich gas mixtures 失效
    生产富氮气体混合物

    公开(公告)号:US4218326A

    公开(公告)日:1980-08-19

    申请号:US892225

    申请日:1978-03-31

    CPC classification number: E21B43/18 E21B43/168 Y10S507/936

    Abstract: A nitrogen-rich inert gas mixture is produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed containing substantially no metals nor noncombustible materials with air in a free-flow, unpacked, refractory-lined gas generator at a temperature in the range of about 1300.degree. to 3000.degree. F. and a pressure in the range of about 1 to 250 atmospheres. The product gas will comprise a mixture of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide and may contain small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, depending on the O/C atomic ratio selected. The atomic ratio of free oxygen in said air to carbon in said hydrocarbonaceous fuel is in the range of about 1.7 to stoichiometric, or slightly less than stoichiometric. By operating at this level of O/C atomic ratio, the H.sub.2 +CO content of the product gas may be minimized or deleted, substantially all of the particulate carbon may be oxidized, substantially no NO.sub.x is produced, and the product gas contains substantially no free oxygen. Further, the sensible heat recovered from the product gas may be used to manufacture by-product high pressure steam for export. The nitrogen-rich product gas may be used for oil formation flooding, or as a pressurizing or blanketing gas. Costly gas compressors may be avoided since the product gas may be produced at or above use pressure.

    Abstract translation: 通过在自由流,未包装的耐火材料衬里的气体发生器中在大约1300℃至大约1300℃的温度范围内部分氧化含有基本上不含金属和不可燃材料的空气的含烃原料来生产富氮惰性气体混合物 3000°F,压力范围约为1至250大气压。 产物气体将包含氮气,氩气和二氧化碳的混合物,并且可能含有少量氢气和一氧化碳,这取决于所选择的O / C原子比。 所述烃类燃料中所述空气中的碳与碳之间的游离氧的原子比在约1.7至化学计量的范围内,或略小于化学计量。 通过以这种O / C原子比水平操作,产物气体的H 2 + CO含量可以被最小化或者被消除,基本上所有的颗粒碳都可能被氧化,基本上没有产生NOx,并且产物气体基本上不含 游离氧气。 此外,从产物气体回收的显热可用于制造用于出口的副产物高压蒸汽。 富氮产物气体可用于油层淹没,或用作加压或覆盖气体。 因为可以在或高于使用压力下产生产品气体,所以可以避免成本高的气体压缩机。

    Partial oxidation system
    7.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation system 失效
    部分氧化体系

    公开(公告)号:US4490156A

    公开(公告)日:1984-12-25

    申请号:US422938

    申请日:1982-09-24

    Abstract: A control system for a partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a different fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于连续生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法的控制系统,其中一种燃料被不同的燃料代替,而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联,并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择,燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器,其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口孔的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统,用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂,燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化,从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。

    Partial oxidation process
    9.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process 失效
    部分氧化工艺

    公开(公告)号:US4351647A

    公开(公告)日:1982-09-28

    申请号:US272418

    申请日:1981-06-10

    Abstract: Disclosed is a partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed - up and down - without sacrificing stable operation. Additional mixing of the reactant streams is obtained in one embodiment by providing one or more coaxial cylindrical shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the central conduit and/or one or more annular shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the annular passage.

    Abstract translation: 公开了用于由固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气,燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管,其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离,即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍,并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降,而不会影响稳定运行。 在一个实施方案中,通过在中心管道中串联提供一个或多个同轴圆柱形的预混合室和/或在环形通道中串联的一个或多个环形预混合室来获得反应物流的额外混合。

    Process for the partial oxidation of slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for the partial oxidation of slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels 失效
    固体碳质燃料浆料部分氧化的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4338099A

    公开(公告)日:1982-07-06

    申请号:US107215

    申请日:1979-12-26

    Abstract: A process for the partial oxidation of pumpable slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels in which the pumpable slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel in a liquid carrier is passed in liquid phase through one passage of a burner comprising a retracted central coaxial conduit, an outer coaxial conduit with a converging orifice at the downstream tip of the burner and, optionally, an intermediate coaxial conduit. The downstream tips of the central conduit and the intermediate conduit, if any, are retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of respectively two or more say 3 to 10 for the central conduit, and about 0 to 12 say 1 to 5 for the intermediate conduit times the minimum diameter of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. A pre-mix zone is thereby provided comprising one or more, say 2 to 5 coaxial pre-mix chambers in series. The free-oxygen containing stream is passed through a separate passage of the burner into the pre-mix zone, in which mixing takes place with the slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel and liquid carrier. From 0 to 100, say about 2 to 80, volume % of the liquid carrier may be vaporized in the pre-mix zone. The multiphase mixture of reactants is then discharged into the reaction zone of the free-flow partial oxidation gas generator by way of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is thereby produced.

    Abstract translation: 一种固体碳质燃料的可泵送浆料部分氧化的方法,其中在液体载体中固体碳质燃料的可泵送淤浆通过燃烧器的一个通道通过燃烧器,该燃烧器包括缩回的中心同轴导管, 在燃烧器的下游尖端处的会聚孔口,以及可选的中间同轴导管。 中心导管和中间导管的下游尖端(如果有的话)从燃烧器面的上游缩回,对于中心管道分别为两个或更多的距离,例如3至10,而对于中间管道,约0至12表示1至5 导管乘以燃烧器尖端处的外导管的会聚孔的最小直径。 因此,提供包括一个或多个,例如串联的2至5个同轴预混合室的预混合区。 将含游离氧的料流通过燃烧器的单独通道进入预混合区,其中与固体碳质燃料和液体载体的浆料进行混合。 从0到100,约2至80,液体载体的体积%可能在预混合区中汽化。 然后将反应物的多相混合物通过燃烧器末端处的外导管的会聚孔排出到自由流部分氧化气体发生器的反应区中。 由此制造合成气体,燃料气体或还原性气体。

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