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    HYDROTHERMAL-MECHANICAL CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS TO ETHANOL OR OTHER FERMENTATION PRODUCTS
    2.
    发明申请
    HYDROTHERMAL-MECHANICAL CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS TO ETHANOL OR OTHER FERMENTATION PRODUCTS 审中-公开
    木糖醇生物质对乙醇或其他发酵产品的水力机械转化

    公开(公告)号：US20160244788A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-25

    申请号：US15047608

    申请日：2016-02-18

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Theodora RETSINA ,  Vesa PYLKKANEN ,  Steven R. RUTHERFORD ,  Jean-Pierre MONCLIN

    IPC: C12P7/14 ,  D21C9/00 ,  D21C1/02

    CPC classification number: C12P7/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C12P2203/00 ,  D21C1/02 ,  D21C3/00 ,  D21C9/00 ,  Y02E50/16

    Abstract: A low-cost process is provided to render lignocellulosic biomass accessible to cellulase enzymes, to produce fermentable sugars. Some variations provide a process to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass (such as sugarcane bagasse or corn stover), comprising introducing a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock to a single-stage digestor; exposing the feedstock to a reaction solution comprising steam or liquid hot water within the digestor, to solubilize the hemicellulose in a liquid phase and to provide a cellulose-rich solid phase; refining the cellulose-rich solid phase, together with the liquid phase, in a mechanical refiner, thereby providing a mixture of refined cellulose-rich solids and the liquid phase; enzymatically hydrolyzing the mixture in a hydrolysis reactor with cellulase enzymes, to generate fermentable sugars; and fermenting the fermentable sugars to produce ethanol. Many alternative process configurations are described. The disclosed processes may be employed for other fermentation products.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种低成本的方法来使木质纤维素生物质可获得纤维素酶，以产生可发酵的糖。 一些变型提供了从木质纤维素生物质（例如甘蔗渣或玉米秸秆）生产乙醇的方法，包括将木质纤维素生物质原料引入单级消化器; 将原料暴露于消化器内包含蒸汽或液体热水的反应溶液中，以将半纤维素溶解在液相中并提供富含纤维素的固相; 在机械磨浆机中将富含纤维素的固相与液相一起精炼，从而提供精制富含纤维素的固体和液相的混合物; 在水解反应器中用纤维素酶酶水解水解产生可发酵糖; 并发酵可发酵糖以产生乙醇。 描述了许多替代的工艺配置。 所公开的方法可用于其它发酵产物。

    DRILLING FLUID ADDITIVES AND FRACTURING FLUID ADDITIVES CONTAINING CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS AND/OR NANOCRYSTALS
    3.
    发明申请
    DRILLING FLUID ADDITIVES AND FRACTURING FLUID ADDITIVES CONTAINING CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS AND/OR NANOCRYSTALS 审中-公开
    含有纤维素纳米纤维素和/或纳米晶体的钻井液添加剂和破碎液体添加剂

    公开(公告)号：US20150368540A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-12-24

    申请号：US14743771

    申请日：2015-06-18

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN ,  Kimberly NELSON ,  Theodora RETSINA

    IPC: C09K8/32 ,  C09K8/10 ,  C09K8/035

    CPC classification number: C09K8/32 ,  C09K8/035 ,  C09K8/10 ,  C09K8/64 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/685 ,  C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/82 ,  C09K8/88 ,  C09K8/887 ,  C09K8/90 ,  C09K2208/08 ,  C09K2208/10

    Abstract: This disclosure provides drilling fluids and additives as well as fracturing fluids and additives that contain cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals. In some embodiments, hydrophobic nanocellulose is provided which can be incorporated into oil-based fluids and additives. These water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include lignosulfonates and other biomass-derived components. Also, these water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include enzymes. The drilling and fracturing fluids and additives described herein may be produced using the AVAP® process technology to produce a nanocellulose precursor, followed by low-energy refining to produce nanocellulose for incorporation into a variety of drilling and fracturing fluids and additives.

    Abstract translation: 本公开提供了钻井液和添加剂以及包含纤维素纳米纤维和/或纤维素纳米晶体的压裂流体和添加剂。 在一些实施方案中，提供可以并入油基流体和添加剂中的疏水性纳米纤维素。 这些水基或油基流体和添加剂可以进一步包括木质素磺酸盐和其它生物质衍生的组分。 此外，这些水基或油性流体和添加剂还可以包括酶。 本文所述的钻井和压裂流体和添加剂可以使用AVAP工艺技术来生产，以产生纳米纤维素前体，随后进行低能量精炼以制备纳米纤维，以便结合到各种钻井和压裂流体和添加剂中。

    METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING DISSOLVED GASES FROM FERMENTATION STREAMS
    5.
    发明申请
    METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING DISSOLVED GASES FROM FERMENTATION STREAMS 有权
    从发酵过程中去除溶解气体的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20150218070A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-08-06

    申请号：US14598277

    申请日：2015-01-16

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN

    IPC: C07C29/76 ,  B01D19/00

    CPC classification number: C07C29/76 ,  B01D19/0036 ,  B01D19/0078 ,  C12P7/06 ,  G01N31/22 ,  Y02E50/17 ,  C07C31/08

    Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating a fermentation stream to remove dissolved gases, comprising obtaining a fermentation stream including water, one or more fermentation products, and dissolved gases; continuously sonicating the fermentation stream to generate acoustically cavitated gases from the dissolved gases; and applying vacuum to release the acoustically cavitated gases from the fermentation stream. The dissolved gases may include air, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, or other non-condensables. The release of acoustically cavitated gases may optionally be done simultaneously with sonication. At least 75%, such as up to 95% or more, of the dissolved gases may be released from the fermentation stream. The disclosed method positively impacts downstream operations and product quality by removing dissolved gases.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种处理发酵流以除去溶解气体的方法，包括获得包括水，一种或多种发酵产物和溶解气体的发酵流; 连续超声处理发酵流，以从溶解的气体中产生声气蚀气体; 并施加真空以从发酵流中释放声气蚀气体。 溶解的气体可以包括空气，氧气，氮气，氦气，氩气，二氧化碳，一氧化碳，氢气或其他不可冷凝物。 声气蚀气体的释放可以任选地与超声处理同时进行。 可以从发酵流中释放至少75％，例如高达95％或更多的溶解气体。 所公开的方法通过去除溶解气体积极地影响下游操作和产品质量。

    PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR BIOMASS CLEANING IN LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOREFINERIES
    7.
    发明申请
    PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR BIOMASS CLEANING IN LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOREFINERIES 审中-公开
    生物质清洁在线粒体生物学中的过程和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20160138218A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

    申请号：US14944861

    申请日：2015-11-18

    Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC

    Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN

    IPC: D21B1/02 ,  C08B15/08 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C13K1/02

    CPC classification number: D21B1/023 ,  C08H8/00 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12P2201/00 ,  C13K1/02

    Abstract: A wet process for cleaning biomass is disclosed, comprising: introducing biomass feedstock to a vibrating separator, to generate an overflow stream and an underflow stream, wherein the overflow stream comprises biomass and large grit, and wherein the underflow stream comprises fines and small grit; introducing the overflow stream to a kinetic separator, to generate an intermediate biomass stream and a large-grit stream; introducing the underflow stream and elutriation water to a hydroclone separator, to generate a wet biomass-fines stream and a small-grit stream; separating water contained in the wet biomass-fines stream and recycling it as elutriation water, to generate a biomass fines stream; and combining the biomass fines stream with the intermediate biomass stream, thereby generating clean biomass. An alternative embodiment for a dry process to clean biomass is also disclosed. The clean biomass may be used in a wide variety of biorefining processes.

    Abstract translation: 公开了用于清洁生物质的湿法，其包括：将生物质原料引入到振动分离器中，以产生溢流和底流，其中所述溢流流包括生物质和大砂粒，并且其中所述下溢流包括细粒和小砂粒; 将溢出流引入动力学分离器以产生中间生物质流和大粒子流; 将下溢流和淘析水引入水力旋流分离器，以产生湿生物质 - 细粒料流和小粒料流; 分离湿生物质 - 细粒料流中所含的水并将其再循环作为淘析水，以产生生物质细粒料流; 并将生物质细粒料流与中间生物质流混合，由此产生清洁的生物质。 还公开了用于清洁生物质的干法的替代实施方案。 清洁的生物质可以用于各种各样的生物精制过程。

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