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公开(公告)号：US20190298838A1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-03
申请号：US16272526
申请日：2019-02-11
摘要： In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a microcrystalline cellulose material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; chemically and/or mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form microcrystalline cellulose having an average crystallinity of at least 60%; and recovering the microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient may function as an antiadherent, a binder, a coating, or a disintegrant. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical excipient further comprises a lignin-derived lubricant, glidant, sorbent, preservative, or other component. The pharmaceutical excipient may be present in a pill, tablet, capsule, powder, slurry, or other pharmaceutically effective and acceptable form.
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20170335138A1
公开(公告)日：2017-11-23
申请号：US15609836
申请日：2017-05-31
IPC分类号： C09D197/00 , C08B37/00 , C08H7/00 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C08L5/14 , C08L97/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P19/02 , C12P7/10 , C13K1/02 , C09K8/035 , C08L97/00 , C04B16/02 , D21H17/23 , D21H17/25 , D21H19/34 , D21H19/52
CPC分类号： C09D197/005 , C04B16/02 , C08B37/0057 , C08H6/00 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C08L5/14 , C08L97/005 , C08L97/02 , C09K8/035 , C09K2208/08 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P2203/00 , C13K1/02 , D21H17/23 , D21H17/25 , D21H19/34 , D21H19/52 , Y02E50/16 , Y10T428/2991 , C04B20/1029
摘要： Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.
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3.发明申请METHODS FOR REDUCING CONTAMINATION DURING ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BIOMASS-DERIVED CELLULOSE 审中-公开降低生物质衍生纤维素酶水解过程中污染的方法公开(公告)号：US20160257979A1
公开(公告)日：2016-09-08
申请号：US15062155
申请日：2016-03-06
CPC分类号： C12P19/02 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/14 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , Y02E50/16
摘要： Some variations provide a method of enzymatically converting biomass-derived cellulose to glucose, comprising exposing the biomass-derived cellulose to (i) cellulase enzymes, to hydrolyze the cellulose to glucose; and (ii) an external sulfur-containing compound, to deter bacterial and/or yeast contamination during cellulose hydrolysis. In some embodiments, the sulfur-containing compound includes sulfur dioxide or lignosulfonates. When the sulfur-containing compound includes lignosulfonates, the lignosulfonates may also function as an enzyme surfactant to assist hydrolysis, in addition to deterring bacterial and/or yeast growth/contamination. This method may be applied to cellulose-rich solids obtained from the AVAP® fractionation process, the Green Power+® pretreatment process, or any other source of cellulose-rich solids.
摘要翻译： 一些变型提供了将生物质衍生的纤维素酶转化为葡萄糖的方法，包括将生物质衍生的纤维素暴露于（i）纤维素酶，以将纤维素水解成葡萄糖; 和（ii）外部含硫化合物，以阻止纤维素水解期间的细菌和/或酵母污染。 在一些实施方案中，含硫化合物包括二氧化硫或木质素磺酸盐。 当含硫化合物包括木质素磺酸盐时，除了阻止细菌和/或酵母生长/污染之外，木质素磺酸盐还可以作为酶表面活性剂起辅助水解作用。 该方法可以应用于从AVAP®分馏工艺，Green Power®预处理工艺或任何其他富含纤维素的固体源获得的富含纤维素的固体。
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4.发明申请PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LIGNIN-BASED ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS ENHANCERS, AND COMPOSITIONS PRODUCED THEREFROM 审中-公开生产基于木质素的酶水解增效剂的方法及其制备的组合物公开(公告)号：US20160152779A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-02
申请号：US14951033
申请日：2015-11-24
发明人： Vesa PYLKKANEN , Theodora RETSINA
CPC分类号： C08H8/00 , C08H6/00 , C12N9/2437 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12Y302/01004
摘要： This disclosure provides lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer that includes ethanol-soluble, partially sulfonated lignin. Some embodiments provide a lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer comprising AVAP® lignin. Certain embodiments provide a lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer comprising AVAP® lignin and lignosulfonates. In some variations, a process for producing a lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer comprises fractionating biomass with an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; recovering the lignin; and generating a lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer comprising the lignin. Surprisingly, the lignin-based enzymatic hydrolysis enhancer is experimentally able to enhance glucose yields by 10% or more.
摘要翻译： 本公开提供了基于木质素的酶水解增强剂，其包括乙醇可溶的部分磺化的木质素。 一些实施方案提供了包含木质素的木质素基酶促水解酶。 某些实施方案提供了包含木质素和木素磺酸盐的基于木质素的酶促水解增强剂。 在一些变型中，用于生产基于木质素的酶促水解增强剂的方法包括用酸，木质素和水的溶剂分级生物质，以产生富含纤维素的固体和含有半纤维素和木质素的液体; 回收木质素; 以及产生包含所述木质素的基于木质素的酶水解增强剂。 令人惊奇的是，基于木质素的酶水解增强剂在实验上能够将葡萄糖产量提高10％以上。
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5.发明申请METHODS FOR REMOVING RESIDUAL SOLIDS FROM ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSATE TO MAKE PURIFIED FERMENTABLE SUGAR SYRUP 审中-公开从酶水解产物中除去残留固体的方法制备纯化的可食用糖类SYRUP公开(公告)号：US20150354017A1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-10
申请号：US14718060
申请日：2015-05-20
发明人： Ziyu WANG , Zheng DANG , Mehmet Sefik TUNC , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Theodora RETSINA
IPC分类号： C13K1/04
CPC分类号： C13K1/04
摘要： The invention provides a method for purifying a biomass hydrolysate comprising sugars and suspended particles, comprising centrifuging the biomass hydrolysate, thermally treating the centrifuged hydrolysate to chemically or physically agglomerate the suspended particles, and filtering the thermally treated hydrolysate to remove agglomerated suspended particles, thereby generating a purified hydrolysate (sugar syrup). The sequence of steps may be varied. Biomass hydrolysates may be provided from a wide variety of processes. Surprisingly, a 20-fold improvement in sugar purity (total suspended solids content) is demonstrated experimentally, compared to prior methods.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种净化包含糖和悬浮颗粒的生物质水解产物的方法，包括离心生物质水解产物，热处理离心的水解产物以化学或物理地附聚悬浮颗粒，并过滤热处理的水解产物以除去附聚的悬浮颗粒，从而产生 纯化水解产物（糖浆）。 步骤的顺序可以变化。 可以从各种各样的方法提供生物质水解产物。 令人惊讶的是，与现有方法相比，实验证明糖纯度（总悬浮固体含量）改善20倍。
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6.发明申请PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE BIOMASS SUGARS USING HIGH-SOLIDS ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS 审中-公开使用高固体酶水解生产可食用生物质糖公开(公告)号：US20150275252A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-01
申请号：US14670457
申请日：2015-03-27
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Ryan ZEBROSKI
CPC分类号： C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , C13K1/02 , Y02E50/16
摘要： In some variations, this invention provides a process for producing fermentable sugars from cellulosic biomass, comprising: extracting biomass with steam or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulose oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating and washing the cellulose-rich solids; removing a portion of glucan contained in the washed cellulose-rich solids as glucose oligomers using a liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes; co-hydrolyzing glucose oligomers and hemicellulose oligomers, with enzymes or an acid catalyst, to produce glucose and hemicellulose monomers; and recovering the glucose and hemicellulose monomers as fermentable sugars. The liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes contains endoglucanases and exoglucanases. A rotating unit for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis may be employed, with continuous liquid removal. Optionally, the glucose and the hemicellulose monomers may be recovered as separate streams. The residual cellulose (not hydrolyzed) as well as the lignin may be recovered and combusted, or utilized for other purposes.
摘要翻译： 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种从纤维素生物质生产可发酵糖的方法，其包括：用蒸汽或热水提取生物质以产生含有半纤维素低聚物，溶解的木质素和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 分离和洗涤富含纤维素的固体; 使用液化聚焦的酶将所洗涤的富含纤维素的固体中含有的一部分葡聚糖作为葡萄糖寡聚物除去; 用酶或酸催化剂共同水解葡萄糖低聚物和半纤维素寡聚物以产生葡萄糖和半纤维素单体; 并将葡萄糖和半纤维素单体作为可发酵糖回收。 液化聚焦的混合物含有内切葡聚糖酶和外切葡聚糖酶。 可以使用用于高固体酶水解的旋转单元，其中连续除去液体。 任选地，葡萄糖和半纤维素单体可以作为单独的流回收。 残留的纤维素（未水解）以及木质素可以回收和燃烧，或用于其它目的。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150233057A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-20
申请号：US14606442
申请日：2015-01-27
摘要： A process is provided for producing a lignin-coated cellulose material, comprising: pre-extracting a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of steam or hot water, depositing lignin from the liquid onto a surface of solids to generate a lignin-coated intermediate material; optionally drying the intermediate material; digesting the lignin-coated intermediate material in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, wherein the rate of delignification of surface lignin is lower than the rate of delignification of bulk lignin; and recovering a hydrophobic lignin-coated cellulose material. In some variations, part of the overall process is a combination of Green Power+® and AVAP® technologies. A cellulose-rich composition is provided, containing about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % total lignin, with particles having a higher average surface concentration of lignin compared to an average bulk (internal) concentration of lignin.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于生产木质素涂覆的纤维素材料的方法，其包括：在蒸汽或热水存在的情况下预提取木质纤维素生物质原料，将木质素从液体沉积到固体表面上以产生木质素涂覆的中间体材料; 任选地干燥中间材料; 在酸，木质素和水的溶剂存在下消化木质素包被的中间体材料，其中表面木质素脱木质素的速率低于大块木质素的脱木质素的速率; 并回收疏水性木质素涂覆的纤维素材料。 在一些变化中，整个过程的一部分是Green Power +®和AVAP®技术的组合。 提供富含纤维素的组合物，其含有约5重量％至约15重量％的总木质素，与木质素的平均体积（内部）浓度相比，具有较高木质素平均表面浓度的颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US20150225756A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-13
申请号：US14693495
申请日：2015-04-22
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P2201/00 , D21C3/20 , D21C5/005 , D21C11/0007 , Y02E50/16
摘要： A biorefinery process to fractionate lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin using a pretreatment with mixture of alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Further treatment with enzymes, micro-organisms, and optionally bisulfite ion, are used to convert intermediate products to alcohol and lignin derivatives.
摘要翻译： 将木质纤维素材料分解成纤维素，半纤维素和木质素的生物炼制方法，使用醇，二氧化硫和水的混合物进行预处理。 使用酶，微生物和任选的亚硫酸氢盐离子的进一步处理用于将中间产物转化为醇和木质素衍生物。
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9.发明申请PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE C5 AND C6 SUGARS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS 审中-公开从Lignocelluliosic生物量生产可食用的C5和C6糖公开(公告)号：US20150184260A1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-02
申请号：US14583572
申请日：2014-12-26
发明人： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Ryan ZEBROSKI
CPC分类号： C13K1/02 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , C13K13/002 , Y02E50/16
摘要： In some variations, this invention provides a process for producing fermentable sugars from cellulosic biomass, comprising: extracting biomass with steam or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulose oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating and washing the cellulose-rich solids; removing a portion of glucan contained in the washed cellulose-rich solids as glucose oligomers using a liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes; co-hydrolyzing glucose oligomers and hemicellulose oligomers, with enzymes or chemical catalyst, to produce glucose and hemicellulose monomers; and recovering the glucose and hemicellulose monomers as fermentable sugars. The liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes contains endoglucanases and exoglucanases. Optionally, the glucose and the hemicellulose monomers may be recovered as separate streams. The residual cellulose (not hydrolyzed) as well as the lignin may be recovered and combusted, or utilized for other purposes, such as for energy-dense pellets.
摘要翻译： 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种从纤维素生物质生产可发酵糖的方法，其包括：用蒸汽或热水提取生物质以产生含有半纤维素低聚物，溶解的木质素和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 分离和洗涤富含纤维素的固体; 使用液化聚焦的酶将所洗涤的富含纤维素的固体中含有的一部分葡聚糖作为葡萄糖寡聚物除去; 用酶或化学催化剂共同水解葡萄糖寡聚体和半纤维素寡聚物以产生葡萄糖和半纤维素单体; 并将葡萄糖和半纤维素单体作为可发酵糖回收。 液化聚焦的混合物含有内切葡聚糖酶和外切葡聚糖酶。 任选地，葡萄糖和半纤维素单体可以作为单独的流回收。 残留的纤维素（未水解）以及木质素可以回收和燃烧，或用于其它目的，例如用于能量密度的颗粒。
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10.发明申请PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL, LEVULINIC ACID, AND OTHER SUGAR-DERIVED PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS 审中-公开用于从生物量生产糠醛，橄榄酸和其他衍生产品的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20140186903A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-03
申请号：US14083115
申请日：2013-11-18
IPC分类号： C07C51/09 , C12P17/04 , C07D307/50 , C12P7/40
CPC分类号： C07D307/50 , C07C51/09 , C07C51/16 , C12P7/40 , C12P17/04 , Y02E50/16 , C07C59/76 , C07C53/02
摘要： In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and/or levulinic acid from cellulosic biomass, comprising: fractionating the feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; dehydrating the hemicellulose to convert at least a portion of C5 hemicelluloses to furfural and to convert at least a portion of C6 hemicelluloses to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; converting at least some of the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to levulinic acid and formic acid; and recovering at least one of the furfural, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, or the levulinic acid. Other embodiments provide a process for dehydrating hemicellulose to convert oligomeric C5 hemicelluloses to furfural and to convert oligomeric C6 hemicelluloses to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The furfural may be converted to succinic acid, or to levulinic acid, for example.
摘要翻译： 在一些变型中，本发明提供了一种从纤维素生物质产生糠醛，5-羟甲基糠醛和/或乙酰丙酸的方法，包括：在木素，二氧化硫和水的溶剂存在下，将原料分馏，以产生液体 含有半纤维素，富含纤维素的固体和木质素; 水解液体中所含的半纤维素，以产生半纤维素单体; 使半纤维素脱水以将至少一部分C5半纤维素转化为糠醛并将至少一部分C6半纤维素转化为5-羟甲基糠醛; 将至少一些5-羟甲基糠醛转化成乙酰丙酸和甲酸; 并回收至少一种糠醛，5-羟甲基糠醛或乙酰丙酸。 其它实施方案提供了使半纤维素脱水以将低聚C5半纤维素转化为糠醛并将低聚C6半纤维素转化为5-羟甲基糠醛的方法。 例如，糠醛可以转化为琥珀酸或乙酰丙酸。
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