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公开(公告)号：US07612117B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US11281532
申请日：2005-11-17
CPC分类号： C10G33/04
摘要： The invention pertains to the use of a class of acetylenic surfactants to resolve or break water and oil emulsions. The surfactants are of particular advantage in resolving crude oil emulsions of the type encountered in desalter and similar apparatus designed to extract brines from the crude as they partition to the aqueous phase in the desalter.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用一类炔属表面活性剂来分解或破坏水和油乳液。 表面活性剂特别有利于解决在脱盐剂中遇到的类型的原油乳液和类似的装置，其设计用于在脱盐器中分配至水相时从粗品中提取盐水。
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公开(公告)号：US07771588B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US11443231
申请日：2006-05-30
CPC分类号： C23F11/122 , B01D17/047 , C10G1/04 , C10G33/04
摘要： The invention pertains to the use of a class of acetylenic surfactants to resolve or break water and oil emulsions. The surfactants are of particular advantage in resolving crude oil emulsions of the type encountered in desalter and similar apparatus designed to extract brines from the crude as they partition to the aqueous phase in the desalter. Also, the surfactants may be used to separate oil from oil sands and similar oil/solids matrices.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用一类炔属表面活性剂来分解或破坏水和油乳液。 表面活性剂特别有利于解决在脱盐剂中遇到的类型的原油乳液和类似的装置，其设计用于在脱盐器中分配至水相时从粗品中提取盐水。 此外，表面活性剂可用于将油与油砂和类似的油/固体基质分离。
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公开(公告)号：US07955522B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US12037660
申请日：2008-02-26
CPC分类号： C10G21/16 , C10G21/06 , C10G21/08 , C10G21/22 , C10G21/27 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/201 , C10G2300/205
摘要： An extraction aid has been found which provides for enhanced contaminate removal, such as metals and amines, from crude oils that uses components that are desirable in desalting processes as the components are water soluble, have low toxicity, are highly biodegradeable and exhibit high thermal stability. According to one embodiment of the invention, an extraction aid that provides enhanced extraction properties is comprised of a blend of acids, particularly water soluble acids. More specifically, a combination of two acids chosen from the group consisting of acetic acid, sulfuric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid and methanesulfonic acid.
摘要翻译： 已经发现一种提取助剂，其提供来自原油的增强的污染物去除（例如金属和胺），其使用在脱盐过程中期望的组分，因为组分是水溶性的，具有低毒性，高度可生物降解并且表现出高的热稳定性 。 根据本发明的一个实施方案，提供增强萃取性质的萃取助剂由酸，特别是水溶性酸的共混物组成。 更具体地，选自由乙酸，硫酸，乙醇酸，柠檬酸和甲磺酸组成的组中的两种酸的组合。
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公开(公告)号：US20100015720A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-21
申请号：US12218456
申请日：2008-07-15
申请人： Cato R. McDaniel , Harold J. Eggert , Kevin S. Solomon , Earl E. Siders , Frank Dennison , Alan E. Goliaszewski , David B. Engel , Sherif Eldin , Thomas K. Brow
发明人： Cato R. McDaniel , Harold J. Eggert , Kevin S. Solomon , Earl E. Siders , Frank Dennison , Alan E. Goliaszewski , David B. Engel , Sherif Eldin , Thomas K. Brow
CPC分类号： G01N21/01 , C10G31/08 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/805 , G01N21/5907 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25125 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A small-scale dynamic simulator for crude oil refinery desalters has a pressurized oil deviblis configured to hold a supply of crude oil and a water deviblis configured to hold a supply of wash water. At least one chemical feed pump selectively adds emulsion breaker chemicals to the desalter simulator and a low shear metering pump is configured to pump crude oil and wash water through the desalter simulator. An emulsion forming device forms a crude oil-wash water emulsion that is then received in a desalter vessel. The desalting vessel is fitted with electric grids which simulate those found in electric desalters. The emulsion is resolved within the desalter vessel with the assistance of the emulsion breaker chemicals so the wash water and crude oil form distinct phases, with substantially desalted crude oil removed from an upper portion of the desalter vessel and substantially oil-free wash water removed from a bottom portion of the desalter vessel. A portion of the desalter vessel is substantially transparent to allow visualization of the demulsification process and at least one light source is positioned adjacent to the desalter vessel to aid in visualization of a rag layer formed in the desalter vessel. A heated jacket surrounds the desalter vessel to maintain the desalter vessel at the desired temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于原油炼油脱盐器的小型动态模拟器具有配置成保持原油供应的压力油和配置成保持供应的洗涤水的水分离器。 至少一种化学品进料泵选择性地将破乳剂化学品添加到脱盐器模拟器中，并且低剪切计量泵构造成泵送原油并通过脱盐器模拟器洗涤水。 乳液形成装置形成原油洗涤水乳液，然后将其接收在脱盐容器中。 脱盐船配有电网，模拟电除尘器中的电网。 在破乳剂容器内，在乳化破碎剂化学品的帮助下，乳液被分解，因此洗涤水和原油形成不同的相，基本脱盐的原油从脱盐容器的上部除去并且基本上无油的洗涤水从 脱盐容器的底部。 脱盐容器的一部分基本上是透明的，以允许破乳过程的可视化，并且至少一个光源邻近脱盐器容器定位以帮助形成在脱盐器容器中的碎布层的可视化。 加热的护套围绕脱盐器，以将脱盐器保持在所需温度。
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公开(公告)号：US08226819B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-24
申请号：US13091220
申请日：2011-04-21
CPC分类号： C10G21/16 , C10G21/06 , C10G21/08 , C10G21/22 , C10G21/27 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/201 , C10G2300/205
摘要： An extraction aid has been found which provides for enhanced contaminate removal, such as metals and amines, from crude oils that uses components that are desirable in desalting processes as the components are water soluble, have low toxicity, are highly biodegradeable and exhibit high thermal stability. According to one embodiment of the invention, an extraction aid that provides enhanced extraction properties is comprised of a blend of acids, particularly water soluble acids. More specifically, a combination of two acids chosen from the group consisting of acetic acid, sulfuric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid and methanesulfonic acid.
摘要翻译： 已经发现一种提取助剂，其提供来自原油的增强的污染物去除（例如金属和胺），其使用在脱盐过程中期望的组分，因为组分是水溶性的，具有低毒性，高度可生物降解并且表现出高的热稳定性 。 根据本发明的一个实施方案，提供增强萃取性质的萃取助剂由酸，特别是水溶性酸的共混物组成。 更具体地，选自由乙酸，硫酸，乙醇酸，柠檬酸和甲磺酸组成的组中的两种酸的组合。
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公开(公告)号：US08043858B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US12218456
申请日：2008-07-15
申请人： Cato R. McDaniel , Harold J. Eggert , Kevin S. Solomon , Earl E. Siders , Frank Denison , Alan E. Goliaszewski , David B. Engel , Sherif Eldin , Thomas K. Brow
发明人： Cato R. McDaniel , Harold J. Eggert , Kevin S. Solomon , Earl E. Siders , Frank Denison , Alan E. Goliaszewski , David B. Engel , Sherif Eldin , Thomas K. Brow
CPC分类号： G01N21/01 , C10G31/08 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/805 , G01N21/5907 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25125 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A small-scale dynamic simulator for crude oil refinery desalters has a pressurized oil deviblis configured to hold a supply of crude oil and a water deviblis configured to hold a supply of wash water. At least one chemical feed pump selectively adds emulsion breaker chemicals to the desalter simulator and a low shear metering pump is configured to pump crude oil and wash water through the desalter simulator. An emulsion forming device forms a crude oil-wash water emulsion that is then received in a desalter vessel. The desalting vessel is fitted with electric grids which simulate those found in electric desalters. The emulsion is resolved within the desalter vessel with the assistance of the emulsion breaker chemicals so the wash water and crude oil form distinct phases, with substantially desalted crude oil removed from an upper portion of the desalter vessel and substantially oil-free wash water removed from a bottom portion of the desalter vessel. A portion of the desalter vessel is substantially transparent to allow visualization of the demulsification process and at least one light source is positioned adjacent to the desalter vessel to aid in visualization of a rag layer formed in the desalter vessel. A heated jacket surrounds the desalter vessel to maintain the desalter vessel at the desired temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于原油炼油脱盐器的小型动态模拟器具有配置成保持原油供应的压力油和配置成保持供应的洗涤水的水分离器。 至少一种化学品进料泵选择性地将破乳剂化学品添加到脱盐器模拟器中，并且低剪切计量泵构造成泵送原油并通过脱盐器模拟器洗涤水。 乳液形成装置形成原油洗涤水乳液，然后将其接收在脱盐容器中。 脱盐船配有电网，模拟电除尘器中的电网。 在破乳剂容器内，在乳化破碎剂化学品的帮助下，乳液被分解，因此洗涤水和原油形成不同的相，基本脱盐的原油从脱盐容器的上部除去并且基本上无油的洗涤水从 脱盐容器的底部。 脱盐容器的一部分基本上是透明的，以允许破乳过程的可视化，并且至少一个光源邻近脱盐器容器定位以帮助形成在脱盐器容器中的碎布层的可视化。 加热的护套围绕脱盐器，以将脱盐器保持在所需温度。
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公开(公告)号：US20110192767A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-11
申请号：US13091220
申请日：2011-04-21
IPC分类号： C10G17/02
CPC分类号： C10G21/16 , C10G21/06 , C10G21/08 , C10G21/22 , C10G21/27 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/201 , C10G2300/205
摘要： An extraction aid has been found which provides for enhanced contaminate removal, such as metals and amines, from crude oils that uses components that are desirable in desalting processes as the components are water soluble, have low toxicity, are highly biodegradeable and exhibit high thermal stability. According to one embodiment of the invention, an extraction aid that provides enhanced extraction properties is comprised of a blend of acids, particularly water soluble acids. More specifically, a combination of two acids chosen from the group consisting of acetic acid, sulfuric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid and methanesulfonic acid.
摘要翻译： 已经发现一种提取助剂，其提供来自原油的增强的污染物去除（例如金属和胺），其使用在脱盐过程中期望的组分，因为组分是水溶性的，具有低毒性，高度可生物降解并且表现出高的热稳定性 。 根据本发明的一个实施方案，提供增强萃取性质的萃取助剂由酸，特别是水溶性酸的共混物组成。 更具体地，选自由乙酸，硫酸，乙醇酸，柠檬酸和甲磺酸组成的组中的两种酸的组合。
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公开(公告)号：US20090211946A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12037660
申请日：2008-02-26
CPC分类号： C10G21/16 , C10G21/06 , C10G21/08 , C10G21/22 , C10G21/27 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/201 , C10G2300/205
摘要： An extraction aid has been found which provides for enhanced contaminate removal, such as metals and amines, from crude oils that uses components that are desirable in desalting processes as the components are water soluble, have low toxicity, are highly biodegradeable and exhibit high thermal stability. According to one embodiment of the invention, an extraction aid that provides enhanced extraction properties is comprised of a blend of acids, particularly water soluble acids. More specifically, a combination of two acids chosen from the group consisting of acetic acid, sulfuric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid and methanesulfonic acid.
摘要翻译： 已经发现一种提取助剂，其提供来自原油的增强的污染物去除（例如金属和胺），其使用在脱盐过程中期望的组分，因为组分是水溶性的，具有低毒性，高度可生物降解并且表现出高的热稳定性 。 根据本发明的一个实施方案，提供增强萃取性质的萃取助剂由酸，特别是水溶性酸的共混物组成。 更具体地，选自由乙酸，硫酸，乙醇酸，柠檬酸和甲磺酸组成的组中的两种酸的组合。
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090194480A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-06
申请号：US12026648
申请日：2008-02-06
摘要： A method for identifying contaminants within a liquid hydrocarbon media containing contaminants includes adding an optical tag to a water wash, adding the tagged water wash to the liquid hydrocarbon media, emulsifying the liquid hydrocarbon media and analyzing the contaminants in the hydrocarbon media with a microscope. Methods for removing contaminants and evaluating treatment are also provided.
摘要翻译： 用于识别含有污染物的液体烃介质中的污染物的方法包括向水洗添加光学标签，向液体烃介质中加入标记的水洗液，乳化液体烃介质并用显微镜分析烃介质中的污染物。 还提供了去除污染物和评估处理的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4822475A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US165653
申请日：1988-03-08
CPC分类号： G01N33/2805 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/16 , Y10T436/21
摘要： This invention relates to a process for determining the fouling tendency of a crude petroleum oil feed, comprising the steps of:(a) mixing a selected volume of crude petroleum oil sample with a selected volume of a solvent medium,(b) agitating the resulting mixture to solubilize fouling-determining materials in the solvent medium,(c) removing a sample of the resulting solvent medium,(d) determining absorbance of the resulting solvent medium at 230-270 nm and subtracting from the absorbance that of control solvent medium to obtain corrected absorbance of the resulting solvent medium and(e) determining the fouling tendency of the crude petroleum oil sample by correlating the corrected absorbance of the resulting solvent medium with calibration data specific for the solvent medium used, the ratio of oil sample to polar solvent and the wavelength at which absorbance is determined.The thus-determined fouling tendency can be used to predict the amount of antifouling agent, required to prevent fouling during downstream processing.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种确定原油石油进料污染趋势的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）将选定体积的原油石油样品与选定体积的溶剂介质混合，（b）搅拌所得的 混合物以溶解在溶剂介质中的结垢确定材料，（c）除去所得溶剂介质的样品，（d）测定所得溶剂介质在230-270nm的吸光度，并从对照溶剂介质的吸光度中减去 获得所得溶剂介质的校正吸光度，（e）通过将所得溶剂介质的校正吸光度与所使用的溶剂介质特异的校准数据相关联，确定原油石油样品的结垢趋势，油样与极性溶剂的比例 和确定吸光度的波长。 这样确定的结垢趋势可以用于预测在下游加工期间防止结垢所需的防污剂的量。
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