摘要:
The present invention relates to the discovery in eukaryotic cells, particularly mammalian cells, of a novel family of cell-cycle regulatory proteins ("CCR-proteins"). As described herein, these family of proteins includes a polypeptide having an apparent molecular weight of 16 kDa (hereinafter "p16.sup.INK4 " OR "p16") and which can function as an inhibitor of cell-cycle progression, and therefore ultimately of cell growth, and that similar to role of p21 and p53, the p16 protein may function coordinately with the cell cycle regulatory protein, retinoblastoma (Rb). Furthermore, the CCR-protein family includes a protein having an apparent molecular weight of 13.5 kDa (hereinafter "p13.5"). The presumptive role of p13.5, like p16, is in the regulation of the cell-cycle.
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest.
摘要翻译:INK4A(MTS1,CDKN2)基因编码细胞周期蛋白D-依赖性激酶CDK4和CDK6的特异性抑制剂(InK4a-p16)。 InK4a-p16可以阻断这些激酶磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb),从而阻止细胞周期的G1期退出。 涉及编码InK4a-p16,INK4A的基因的缺失和突变频繁发生在癌细胞中,意味着像pRb一样的INK4a-p16抑制了肿瘤的制备。 然而,完全不相关的蛋白质(ARF-p19)主要来自小鼠INK4A基因的替代阅读框架。 ARF-p19 cDNA(SEQ ID NO:1)在啮齿动物成纤维细胞中的表达诱导G1期和G2期停滞。
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest.
摘要翻译:INK4A(MTS1,CDKN2)基因编码细胞周期蛋白D-依赖性激酶CDK4和CDK6的特异性抑制剂(InK4a-p16)。 InK4a-p16可以阻断这些激酶磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb),从而阻止细胞周期的G1期退出。 涉及编码InK4a-p16,INK4A的基因的缺失和突变频繁发生在癌细胞中,意味着像pRb一样的INK4a-p16抑制了肿瘤的制备。 然而,完全不相关的蛋白质(ARF-p19)主要来自小鼠INK4A基因的替代阅读框架。 ARF-p19 cDNA(SEQ ID NO:1)在啮齿动物成纤维细胞中的表达诱导G1期和G2期停滞。
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest.
摘要翻译:INK4A(MTS1,CDKN2)基因编码细胞周期蛋白D-依赖性激酶CDK4和CDK6的特异性抑制剂(InK4a-p16)。 InK4a-p16可以阻断这些激酶磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb),从而阻止细胞周期的G1期退出。 涉及编码InK4a-p16,INK4A的基因的缺失和突变频繁发生在癌细胞中,这意味着像pRb一样的INK4a-p16抑制肿瘤制剂。 然而,完全不相关的蛋白质(ARF-p19)主要来自小鼠INK4A基因的替代阅读框架。 ARF-p19 cDNA(SEQ ID NO:1)在啮齿动物成纤维细胞中的表达诱导G1期和G2期停滞。
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest.
摘要翻译:INK4A(MTS1,CDKN2)基因编码细胞周期蛋白D-依赖性激酶CDK4和CDK6的特异性抑制剂(InK4a-p16)。 InK4a-p16可以阻断这些激酶磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb),从而阻止细胞周期的G1期退出。 涉及编码InK4a-p16,INK4A的基因的缺失和突变频繁发生在癌细胞中,意味着像pRb一样的INK4a-p16抑制了肿瘤的制备。 然而,完全不相关的蛋白质(ARF-p19)主要来自小鼠INK4A基因的替代阅读框架。 ARF-p19 cDNA(SEQ ID NO:1)在啮齿动物成纤维细胞中的表达诱导G1期和G2期停滞。
摘要:
Members of the InK4 (Inhibitors of CDK4) family inhibit the activities of specific cyclin D-dependent kinases (CDK4 and/or CDK6), thereby arresting cell cycle progression in G1 phase and preventing chromosomal DNA replication. Disclosed herein are novel mammalian InK4 family members, having apparent molecular masses of 18,000 and 19,000 daltons, designated "InK4c-p18" and "InK4d-p19," respectively, or simply "p18" and "p19." In particular, the invention provides p19 genes and proteins isolated from murine or human cells and p18 genes and proteins from murine cells. When constitutively expressed in cells, p19 inhibits cyclin D-dependent kinase activity in vivo and induces G1 phase arrest. Materials and methods disclosed herein include (1) nucleic acids that encode p18 or p19; (2) methods for detecting nucleic acids encoding p18 or p19 proteins; (3) methods for producing p18 or p19 proteins using nucleic acids that encode p18 or p19, respectively; (4) purified pl8 or p19 proteins and peptide fragments, oligopeptides, or fusion proteins derived therefrom; (5) methods of inhibiting cells from replicating their chromosomal DNA using purified p18 or p19 proteins or derivatives thereof; (6) antibodies that specifically bind p18 or p19; (7) methods for detecting p18 and p19 proteins; (8) methods of stimulating cell growth by blocking p18 or p19 expression via antisense oligonucleotides; (9) methods of gene therapy using nucleic acids that encode p18 or p19; and (10) methods of making transgenic non-human animals that have alterations in the gene encoding p18 or p19, or in both genes.
摘要:
The invention discloses a direct interaction between D-type cyclins and a novel myb-like transcription factor, DMP1, which specifically interacts with cyclin D2. The present invention also provides evidence that D-type cyclins regulate gene expression in an RB-independent manner. Also included is DMP1, the transcription factor composed of a central DNA-binding domain containing three atypical myb repeats flanked by highly acidic segments located at its amino- and carboxyterminal ends. The invention includes amino acid sequences coding for DMP1, and DNA and RNA nucleotide sequences that encode the amino acid sequences. A use of DMP1 as a transcription factor is disclosed due to its specificity in binding to oligonucleotides containing the nonamer consensus sequence CCCG(G/T)ATGT. In this aspect of the invention, DMP1 when transfected into mammalian cells, activates the transcription of a reporter gene driven by a minimal promoter containing concatamerized DMP1 binding sites.
摘要:
The invention discloses a direct interaction between D-type cyclins and a novel myb-like transcription factor, DMP1, which specifically interacts with cyclin D2. The present invention also provides evidence that D-type cyclins regulate gene expression in an RB-independent manner. Also included is DMP1, the transcription factor composed of a central DNA-binding domain containing three atypical myb repeats flanked by highly acidic segments located at its amino- and carboxyterminal ends. The invention includes amino acid sequences coding for DMP1, and DNA and RNA nucleotide sequences that encode the amino acid sequences. A use of DMP1 as a transcription factor is disclosed due to its specificity in binding to oligonucleotides containing the nonamer consensus sequence CCCG(G/T)ATGT. In this aspect of the invention, DMP1 when transfected into mammalian cells, activates the transcription of a reporter gene driven by a minimal promoter containing concatamerized DMP1 binding sites.
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest. Economical reutilization of protein coding sequences in this manner is without precedent in mammalian genomes, and the unitary inheritance of INK4a-p16 and ARF-p19 may reflect a dual requirement for both proteins in cell cycle control.
摘要:
The INK4A (MTS1, CDKN2) gene encodes a specific inhibitor (InK4a-p16) of the cyclin D-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. InK4a-p16 can block these kinase from phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), preventing exit from the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Deletions and mutations involving the gene encoding InK4a-p16, INK4A, occur frequently in cancer cells, implying that INK4a-p16, like pRb, suppresses tumor formulation. However, a completely unrelated protein (ARF-p19) arises in major part from an alternative reading frame of the mouse INK4A gene. Expression of an ARF-p19 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:1) in rodent fibroblasts induces both G1 and G2 phase arrest. Economical reutilization of protein coding sequences in this manner is without precedent in mammalian genomes, and the unitary inheritance of INK4a-p16 and ARF-p19 may reflect a dual requirement for both proteins in cell cycle control.
摘要翻译:INK4A(MTS1,CDKN2)基因编码细胞周期蛋白D-依赖性激酶CDK4和CDK6的特异性抑制剂(InK4a-p16)。 InK4a-p16可以阻断这些激酶磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(pRb),从而阻止细胞周期的G1期退出。 涉及编码InK4a-p16,INK4A的基因的缺失和突变频繁发生在癌细胞中,意味着像pRb一样的INK4a-p16抑制了肿瘤的制备。 然而,完全不相关的蛋白质(ARF-p19)主要来自小鼠INK4A基因的替代阅读框架。 ARF-p19 cDNA(SEQ ID NO:1)在啮齿动物成纤维细胞中的表达诱导G1期和G2期停滞。 蛋白质编码序列的经济再利用在哺乳动物基因组中是没有先例的,INK4a-p16和ARF-p19的单位遗传可能反映了细胞周期控制中两种蛋白质的双重要求。