摘要:
A gas injection type plasma X-ray source has a gas plenum for storing a discharging gas at a pressure in the range of 150 Torr and 1000 Torr, the stored gas being injected between a pair of electrodes through a gas valve. The electrodes are opposed to each other in a vacuum vessel, so that a gas jet for the production of a plasma is formed. A voltage is applied between the electrodes, so that a discharge plasma is produced between said electrodes. A linear plasma with a high temperature and a high density is produced by the pinch of the plasma due to its own magnetic field produced by the current flowing through the plasma, so that X-rays are emitted from the linear plasma. The X-ray source has a high conversion efficiency and a high discharge timing margin, and accordingly the stability and reproducibility of discharges are improved and the X-ray output is increased.
摘要:
In a gas injection type plasma X-ray source, a through hole communicated with vacuum is provided in each one of a pair of plasma-forming electrodes. This leads to a decrease in the dose of charged particles, a high temperature gas, etc. reflected from the upper electrode and inflicting damage on an X-ray extraction window. Accordingly, the thickness of the X-ray extraction window can be so decreased as to raise the X-ray extraction efficiency. Besides, evacuation of a space between the electrodes can be quickened. Accordingly, X-ray emission can be effected at a high repetition frequency. When the normal line direction of the electrode is inclined relative to the direction of the X-ray extraction, the effects mentioned above are enhanced.
摘要:
There is disclosed a soft x-ray source comprising (a) a substrate formed of a thermally conductive material, such as copper or a copper alloy, which tends to generate predominantly hard x-rays upon the collision of an electron beam, (b) an intermediate layer formed on the substrate, the intermediate layer being at least one of rhodium, silver, palladium, and molybdenum, and (c) a silicon film formed on the intermediate layer. There is also disclosed an x-ray lithographic apparatus comprising (a) an electron beam source, (b) the soft x-ray source described above, and (c) means for irradiating an object with the emitted soft x-rays. The method for manufacturing the soft x-ray source comprises (a) preparing a substrate, (b) setting the substrate in a vacuum chamber, (c) introducing a gas or vapor-containing silicon in a vacuum chamber, and (d) forming a silicon film on the intermediate layer by generating a plasma within the vacuum chamber.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus having a housing that includes a front face, a rear wall, a pair of side walls, a bottom surface, and a top surface with a discharge surface formed therein. A cover, having a planar upper surface, is mounted on protrusions extending along each side of the top surface. The discharge surface is formed between the protrusions and has a depth proximate the rear wall that is greater than a depth proximate the front face. A cutout is formed between the cover and the front face, the cutout being in either the cover or the front face which allows discharge of the printed material. The printed material when discharged onto the discharge surface extends beyond the front face.
摘要:
A photosensitive drum 25 is rotated counterclockwise by a predetermined angle upon completion of printing. A release belt 44 is caused to rotate in the same direction by surface friction between a nip release belt 49 and a surface of the photosensitive drum 25. At this time, a pitch roller 47 provided at both ends of a developing roller 27 is rotated clockwise while guided along a roller guide hole 61 of the release belt 44, runs onto an upper plane of the nip release belt 49, and releases the developing roller 27 from the photosensitive drum 25 with a clearance which is substantially equal to the thickness of the nip release belt 49.
摘要:
A low-voltage power source circuit board is provided downstream in relation to the flow of air introduced through an intake hole and exhausted by a power source fan. Heat sinks are provided on the low-voltage power source circuit board on electronic parts that generate a large amount of heat, the plate surfaces of the heat sinks being arranged along the direction of airflow, thereby minimizing their resistance to the airflow. Air including heat generated from these electronic parts is exhausted by the power source fan without the air heating the high-voltage power source circuit board or engine circuit board that are disposed upstream in relation to the direction of airflow.
摘要:
A laser beam printer including a front face. The front face defines an opening for allowing attaching/detaching a paper feed cassette, an opening for allowing attaching/detaching a process unit, and an opening allowing manual paper feed. Accordingly, the laser beam printer has excellent operability since it allows the user to perform any operation from its side. At the same time, valuable space at the lateral and upper sides of the laser beam printer is available for effective use.
摘要:
In a color image copying apparatus, a light-path change-over reflector is movable into and out of a light path extending from a light source to an exposing station where a color latent image is to be formed on a photosensitive recording medium according to color image information of an original image. When the change-over reflector is disposed in the light path, the light from the light source is oriented or shifted so as to display the color image information of the original on a monitoring screen. Filters are used for color correction. When monitoring the original image on the screen, the filters are moved away from the light path. Further, the filters can be superposed together for minute color control with respect to the photosensitive sheet.
摘要:
A plasma deposition apparatus having a plasma formation chamber and a specimen chamber which are arranged separately. Gaseous material and microwave power are introduced to the plasma formation chamber to generate plasma by a microwave discharge through electron cyclotron resonance. The plasma is extracted to the specimen chamber from the plasma extracting orifice. In the specimen chamber, the plasma is accelerated by the effect of divergent magnetic field to irradiate the surface of the specimen so as to deposit a thin film on the specimen substrate. A high-quality thin film is formed with a high efficiency at a low temperature. Accordingly, a thin film can be deposited on a specimen substrate having a low heat resistivity. The plasma deposition apparatus is useful for manufacturing various kinds of electronic devices.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus having a housing that includes a front face, a rear wall, a pair of side walls, a bottom surface, and a top surface with a discharge surface formed therein. A cover, having a planar upper surface, is mounted on protrusions extending along each side of the top surface. The discharge surface is formed between the protrusions and has a depth proximate the rear wall that is greater than a depth proximate the front face. A cutout is formed between the cover and the front face, the cutout being in either the cover or the front face which allows discharge of the printed material. The printed material when discharged onto the discharge surface extends beyond the front face.