摘要:
A process for continuous production of copolyamides based on a lactam (I), a diamine (II) and a dicarboxylic acid (III) comprises reacting a mixture (IV) comprising a diamine (II), a dicarboxylic acid (III) and water in a first reaction zone at a pressure in the range from 1.3*105 to 2.5*105 Pa in the entry zone of the reaction zone and at a temperature above the melting point of polymer (V) to a conversion, based on the molar amounts of diamine (II) and dicarboxylic acid (III), of at least 80% to form a polymer (V), reacting a mixture (VI) comprising lactam (I) and water in a second reaction zone at a pressure in the range from 5*105 to 40*105 Pa and at a temperature above the melting point of polymer (VII) to a conversion, based on the molar amount of lactam (I), of at least 80% to form a polymer (VII), then reacting polymer (V) and polymer (VII) with each other in a third reaction zone at a pressure in the range from 1*105 to 1.5*105 Pa in the entry zone of the reaction zone at temperatures above the melting point of polymer (VIII) to form a polymer (VIII), said polymer (VIII) having a 95° C. water extractables content, based on lactam (I), diamine (II) and dicarboxylic acid (III), of not more than 10% by weight, and then extracting the polymer (VIII) with water to obtain the copolyamide.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for working up particulate crude polyoxymethylene, which comprises the following steps: (a) introduction of the particulate crude polyoxymethylene into an extraction column (13) operated at a pressure in the range from 1 to 6 bar, (b) introduction of a polar extractant into the extraction column (13) with a temperature in the range from 95 to 140° C. and a pressure in the range from 1 to 6 bar, wherein from 10 to 1000 ppm, based on the amount of polar extractant introduced, of a buffer substance which buffers in the pH range from 7.5 to 11.5 are introduced into the extraction column (13).
摘要:
Polyamide, whose main chain contains a chemically bound amine selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane and 1-amino-2-R-cyclopent-1-ene, where R is a functional group capable of combining with an amino group to form an amide group,and processes for preparing such a polyamide and fibers, films and moldings comprising such a polyamide.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for working up particulate crude polyoxymethylene, which comprises the following steps: (a) introduction of the particulate crude polyoxymethylene into an extraction column (13) operated at a pressure in the range from 1 to 6 bar, (b) introduction of a polar extractant into the extraction column (13) with a temperature in the range from 95 to 140° C. and a pressure in the range from 1 to 6 bar, wherein from 10 to 1000 ppm, based on the amount of polar extractant introduced, of a buffer substance which buffers in the pH range from 7.5 to 11.5 are introduced into the extraction column (13).
摘要:
The present relates to nylon-5,10 molding compositions comprising A) from 40 to 90% by weight of a nylon-5,10, B) from 10 to 60% by weight of fiber-containing or mineral-containing fillers, C) from 0 to 20% by weight of further additives, where the total of the percentages by weight of components A) to C) is 100%. The present invention moreover relates to a process for the preparation of these molding compositions, to the use of these molding compositions for the production of moldings of any type, and to the resultant moldings, preferably motor vehicle bodywork parts or electronics components of any type, foils, and fibers.
摘要:
A continuous process for producing polyamides, their oligomers or mixtures thereof, if appropriate with further reaction products, comprises reaction of aminonitriles or dinitriles and diamines or mixtures thereof, if appropriate together with further polyamide-forming monomers and/or oligomers, with an aqueous medium composed of aqueous monomer and oligomer extracts obtained from polyamide production by extraction of the polymer with water in a reactor which has a vertical longitudinal axis and through which there is a flow substantially in the longitudinal direction wherein water and/or the aqueous medium are introduced into the reactor at two or more different locations along the vertical longitudinal axis, wherein the aqueous medium is introduced at one or more locations.
摘要:
Polyamides, oligomers thereof or mixtures thereof, if required with further reaction products, are prepared by reacting aminonitriles or dinitriles and diamines or a mixture containing aminonitrile, dinitrile and diamine, and, if required, further polyamide-forming monomers and/oligomers with water in a reactor (1) having a vertically oriented longitudinal axis, by a process in which, in the reactor (1), the reaction product is removed from the bottom and ammonia formed and any further low molecular weight compounds formed and water are taken off via the top (2), wherein the reactor (1) has at least two chambers (4) arranged one on top of the other in the longitudinal direction, the chambers (4) being separated from one another by liquid-tight trays (5), each chamber (4) being connected by a liquid overflow (6) to the chamber (4) directly underneath and a liquid product stream being taken off by the liquid overflow (6) of the lowermost chamber (4), the gas space (7) above the liquid level in each chamber (4) being connected to the chamber (4) arranged directly above in each case by one or more conduit pipes (8) which in each case opens or open into a gas distributor (9) having orifices (11) for gas exit below the liquid level, and comprising in each case at least one baffle plate (12) which is arranged vertically around each gas distributor (9) and whose upper end terminates below the liquid level and whose lower end terminates above the liquid-tight tray (5) of the chamber (4) and which separates each chamber (4) into one or more gassed (13) and into one or more ungassed (14) spaces.
摘要:
An apparatus for making polyamides oligomers thereof mixtures thereof, the apparatus comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a) an austenitic steel comprising from 15 to 25% by weight of chromium, from 3 to 35% by weight of nickel and from 0 to 10% by weight of molybdenum, and iron, b) a duplex steel comprising from 20 to 30% by weight of chromium, from 3 to 10% by weight of nickel and from 0 to 5% by weight of molybdenum, and iron, and c) a nickel-based alloy comprising from 12 to 25% by weight of chromium and from 12 to 20% by weight of molybdenum, and nickel
摘要:
The thermoplastic molding composition comprises a) as component A, from 3 to 79% by weight of one or more styrene copolymers which have no units derived from maleic anhydride, b) as component B, from 15 to 91% by weight of one or more polyamides having, based on the entire component B, from 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of triacetonediamine (TAD) end groups, c) as component C, from 5 to 50% by weight of one or more impact-modifying rubbers, d) as component D, from 1 to 25% by weight of a styrene copolymer which, based on the entire component D, has from 1.9 to 2.3% by weight of units derived from maleic anhydride, e) as component E, from 0 to 40% by weight of further rubbers, f) as component F, from 0 to 50% by weight of one or more fibrous or particulate fillers, g) as component G, from 0 to 40% by weight of further additives, where the molding composition comprises less than 0.1% by weight of phthalic anhydride and the total amount of components A to D and, if appropriate, E to G is 100% by weight.
摘要:
The present relates to nylon-5,10 molding compositions comprising A) from 40 to 90% by weight of a nylon-5,10, B) from 10 to 60% by weight of fiber-containing or mineral-containing fillers, C) from 0 to 20% by weight of further additives, where the total of the percentages by weight of components A) to C) is 100%. The present invention moreover relates to a process for the preparation of these molding compositions, to the use of these molding compositions for the production of moldings of any type, and to the resultant moldings, preferably motor vehicle bodywork parts or electronics components of any type, foils, and fibers.