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    Preparation of 3-aminopropionitriles
    2.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 3-aminopropionitriles 失效
    3-氨基丙腈的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5334745A

    公开(公告)日：1994-08-02

    申请号：US69129

    申请日：1993-05-28

    申请人： Martin Brudermueller ,  Tom Witzel ,  Franz Merger

    发明人： Martin Brudermueller ,  Tom Witzel ,  Franz Merger

    IPC分类号： C07C253/30

    CPC分类号： C07C253/30

    摘要： 3-Aminopropionitriles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -aminoalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -cyanoalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -aralkyl or aryl,are prepared by a process in which an amine of the general formula II ##STR2## is reacted with an acrylonitrile of the general formula III ##STR3## where the substituents have the abovementioned meanings, in a molar ratio of from 0.9:1 to 100:1 over a heterogeneous catalyst at from 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. and from 1 to 350 bar.

    摘要翻译： 其中R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4和R 5彼此独立地是通式I的化合物，其中R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4和R 5彼此独立地是氢，C 1 -C 20 - 烷基，C 1 -C 8 - 氨基烷基，C 1 -C 8 - 氰基烷基， C 3 -C 20 - 环烷基，C 7 -C 20 - 芳烷基或芳基，其中通式II的胺（II）与通式III的丙烯腈（III）反应的方法制备， 其中取代基具有上述含义，摩尔比为0.9:1至100:1，在多元催化剂中，在40至200℃和1至350巴。

    Preparation of cyclopentanones
    4.
    发明授权
    Preparation of cyclopentanones 失效
    环戊酮的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5166447A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

    申请号：US776688

    申请日：1991-10-15

    申请人： Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel

    发明人： Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel

    IPC分类号： C07C45/60 ,  C07C49/395 ,  C07C49/523

    CPC分类号： C07C49/395 ,  C07C45/60 ,  C07C49/523 ,  Y02P20/582

    摘要： Cyclopentanones of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each an organic radical or R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 may be hydrogen and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or formyl, are prepared by a process in which a 2-formyl-3,4-dihydropyran of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the abovementioned meanings, a) where R.sup.3 is formyl, is converted in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at from 50.degree. to 500.degree. C., andb) where R.sup.3 is hydrogen,b.sub.1) is reacted with water or an alcohol in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at from 100.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the gas phase orb.sub.2) a compound II or an acrolein of the general formula III ##STR3## is reacted with water or with water in the presence of an acid or with an alcohol in the presence of an acid at from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C. in the liquid phase. Novel 2-formylcyclopentanones are obtained.

    摘要翻译： 其中R 1和R 2各自为有机基团或R 1或R 2可以是氢并且R 3为氢或甲酰基的通式I（I）的环戊烷酮通过其中2-甲酰基-3,4 - 二氢吡喃，其中R 1和R 2具有上述含义，a）其中R 3是甲酰基，在酸性多相催化剂存在下在50-500℃下转化，和 b）其中R3是氢，b1）在酸性非均相催化剂存在下，在气相中在100-500℃下与水或醇反应，或b2）化合物II或通式为的丙烯醛 在酸的存在下，在酸的存在下，在液相中，在150℃至400℃的条件下，将III（III）化合物与水或水在酸或醇的存在下反应。 得到新的2-甲酰基环戊烷酮。

    Preparation of 2-substituted but-2-ene-1,4-dial-4-acetals and novel hemiacetals of glyoxal monoacetals
    5.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 2-substituted but-2-ene-1,4-dial-4-acetals and novel hemiacetals of glyoxal monoacetals 失效
    2-取代的丁-2-烯-1,4-表面-4-缩醛的制备和乙二醛单缩醛的新半缩醛

    公开(公告)号：US5576449A

    公开(公告)日：1996-11-19

    申请号：US314955

    申请日：1994-09-29

    申请人： J urgen Frank ,  Johann-Peter Melder ,  Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel

    发明人： J urgen Frank ,  Johann-Peter Melder ,  Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel

    IPC分类号： C07D319/06

    CPC分类号： C07D319/06

    摘要： The preparation of 2-substituted but-2-ene-1,4-dial-4-acetals of the formula I ##STR1## in which the substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 stand for hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 aliphatic radicals, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are in each case common members of an aliphatic 4-membered to 7-membered ring, which can contain a hetero atom, and R.sup.5 denotes an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl radical having from 1 to 12 C atoms, which can be substituted by cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radicals or by hydroxy, ether, thioether, acyl, alkylamino, carboxy, or carbalkoxy groups, an optionally substituted aryl radical or an alkoxy, alkylthio, or acyloxy group, whereina) glyoxal is caused to react with a 1,3-propanediol of the formula II ##STR2## in aqueous solution in the presence of an acid to form a monoacetal of the formula III ##STR3## is neutralized, and if necessary the components more readily volatile than the monoacetal III are distilled off,b) the monoacetal III obtained is caused to react with an aldehyde R.sup.5 CH.sub.2 --CHO in the presence of from 0.01 to 10 mol %, based on glyoxal, of a catalyst mixture of a secondary amine and an acid to form an aldol of the formula IV ##STR4## the components which are more volatile than the aldol IV being distilled off if necessary, andc) the aldol IV is dehydrated in the presence of a water-eliminating agent to form the product I,and novel hemiacetals of glyoxal monoacetals.

    摘要翻译： 制备其中取代基R 1至R 4代表氢或C 1 -C 6脂族基团的式I I 2的2-取代的丁-2-烯-1,4-二甲氧基-4-缩醛，以及R 2和R 3 或者R 1和R 2各自为可以含有杂原子的脂肪族4元〜7元环的共同成员，R 5表示具有1〜12个C原子的烷基，烯基或炔基，其可以 被脂环族，芳族或杂环基取代，或被羟基，醚，硫醚，酰基，烷基氨基，羧基或烷氧基取代，任选取代的芳基或烷氧基，烷硫基或酰氧基，其中a）使乙二醛反应 与式II II的1,3-丙二醇在酸存在下在水溶液中形成式III的单缩醛中和，如果需要，组分比单缩醛更容易挥发 III蒸馏掉，b）使获得的单缩醛III与醛反应 在基于乙二醛的0.01至10mol％的存在下，将仲胺和酸的催化剂混合物形成式IV的醛醇，得到更具挥发性的组分 如果需要，醛醇IV被蒸馏，和c）醛醇IV在除水剂存在下脱水以形成产物I，和乙二醛单缩醛的新型半缩醛。

    Preparaion of 3.cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanone
    6.
    发明授权
    Preparaion of 3.cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanone 失效
    3.氰基-3,5,5-三甲基环己酮的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5516928A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

    申请号：US395322

    申请日：1995-02-28

    申请人： Klaus Mundinger ,  Gerhard Laqua ,  Tom Witzel ,  Franz Merger

    发明人： Klaus Mundinger ,  Gerhard Laqua ,  Tom Witzel ,  Franz Merger

    IPC分类号： C07C253/10 ,  C07C255/46

    CPC分类号： C07C253/10 ,  C07C2101/14

    摘要： A process for the preparation of 3-cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanone by the reaction of isophorone with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of quaternary ammonium catalysts at temperatures ranging from 80.degree. to 180.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 0.5 to 20 bar, in which the ammonium catalysts used are salts of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.18 aralkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 hydroxyalkyl andX denotes HCO.sub.3 or ##STR2## with the proviso that R.sup.4 stands for C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl when X is ##STR3##

    摘要翻译： 在季铵催化剂存在下，通过异佛尔酮与氰化氢反应制备3-氰基-3,5,5-三甲基环己酮的方法，温度范围为80-180℃，压力范围为0.5-20 其中使用的铵催化剂是通式I的盐，其中R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4表示C 1 -C 18烷基，C 5 -C 8环烷基，芳基，C 7 -C 18芳烷基或C 2-8芳烷基， C18羟烷基，X表示HCO3或者“IMAGE”，条件是当X为时，R4代表C1-C8烷基，

    Selective preparation of linear pentane-1,5-diamines in increased yields
    7.
    发明授权
    Selective preparation of linear pentane-1,5-diamines in increased yields 失效
    线性戊烷-1,5-二胺的选择性制备

    公开(公告)号：US5344983A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-06

    申请号：US936084

    申请日：1992-08-26

    申请人： Tom Witzel ,  Eberhard Fuchs ,  Franz Merger ,  Claus-Ulrich Priester

    发明人： Tom Witzel ,  Eberhard Fuchs ,  Franz Merger ,  Claus-Ulrich Priester

    IPC分类号： B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/755 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/125 ,  B01J27/18 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C209/48 ,  C07C211/09 ,  C07C209/00

    CPC分类号： C07C209/48

    摘要： Process for preparing a pentane-1,5-diamine of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents a variety of organic radicals including alkyl which can bear substituents such as hydroxyl, halogen, alkoxy, carbalkoxy, carboxyl, alkylamino, cycloalkyl or aryl, andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another, represent hydrogen or have the same meanings as R.sup.1 or together are a C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 -alkylene chain which is unsubstituted or substituted by one to five C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups,which comprises:(a) reacting a .gamma.-cyanoketone of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meanings given above, with excess ammonia in a first reaction space on an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at 20.degree.-150.degree. C. and 15-500 bar, and(b) hydrogenating the resulting reaction product in a second separate reaction space in the presence of excess ammonia on a cobalt, nickel or noble metal catalyst at 50.degree.-180.degree. C. and 30-500 bar.Novel pentane-1,5-diamines are obtained, in which R.sup.1 must contain at least two carbon atoms if R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are both hydrogen. These new compounds containing two primary amine groups possess advantageous properties of lower volatility and also greater asymmetry (with different reactivity of the two amine functions). They provide useful curing agents for epoxides and act as improved components of polyamides.

    摘要翻译： 制备式（I）的戊烷-1,5-二胺的方法，其中R 1表示各种有机基团，包括可以带有取代基的烷基，例如羟基，卤素，烷氧基，烷氧基，羧基，烷基氨基，环烷基或 芳基和R 2和R 3彼此独立地表示氢或具有与R 1相同的含义或一起是未被取代或被一至五个C 1 -C 4 - 烷基取代的C 4 -C 7亚烷基链，其包含：（ a）在20-150℃的酸性非均相催化剂的第一反应空间中使具有上述含义的式（Ia）的式（II）的γ-氰基酮与过量的氨反应，其中R1，R2和R3具有上述含义， 15-500巴，（b）在钴，镍或贵金属催化剂的存在下，在50-180℃和30-500巴下，在第二分开的反应空间中，使得到的反应产物氢化。 得到新的戊烷-1,5-二胺，如果R2和R3都是氢，其中R1必须含有至少两个碳原子。 这些含有两个伯胺基团的新化合物具有较低的挥发性和更大的不对称性（两种胺官能团的不同反应性）的有利特性。 它们为环氧化物提供有用的固化剂，并且作为聚酰胺的改进组分。

    Preparation of 2,2-disubstituted pentane-1,5-diamines
    8.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 2,2-disubstituted pentane-1,5-diamines 失效
    2,2-取代的戊烷-1,5-二胺的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5166443A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

    申请号：US676086

    申请日：1991-03-17

    申请人： Franz Merger ,  Claus-Ulrich Priester ,  Tom Witzel ,  Gerhard Koppenhoefer ,  Ludwig Schuster

    发明人： Franz Merger ,  Claus-Ulrich Priester ,  Tom Witzel ,  Gerhard Koppenhoefer ,  Ludwig Schuster

    IPC分类号： B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J29/06 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C209/48 ,  C07C211/09

    CPC分类号： C07C209/48 ,  C07C211/09

    摘要： A process for the preparation of a 2,2-disubstituted pentane-1,5-diamine of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, are C.sub.1 - to C.sub.10 -alkyl or C.sub.2 - to C.sub.10 -alkenyl or together are a C.sub.4 - to C.sub.7 -alkylene chain which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted to pentasubstituted by C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl, from a 2,2-disubstituted 4-cyanobutanal of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined above, comprises, in two spatially separate reaction spaces,a) reacting the 4-cyanobutanal of the formula II, in a first reaction space, with excess ammonia on an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at from 20.degree. to 150.degree. C. and at from 15 to 500 bar, andb) hydrogenating the resultant reaction product, in a second reaction space, using excess hydrogen in the presence of excess ammonia on a catalyst containing cobalt, nickel, ruthenium and/or another noble metal, if desired with a basic component or on a basic or neutral carrier, at from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. and at from 50 to 500 bar.

    摘要翻译： 制备式I（I）的2,2-二取代戊烷-1,5-二胺的方法，其中R 1和R 2彼此独立地为C 1至C 10烷基或C 2至 C10链烯基或一起是未被取代或被C1至C4-烷基单取代至五取代的C 4 -C 7亚烷基链，其由式II（II）的2,2-二取代4-氰基丁醛代替，其中 R1和R2如上定义，在两个空间上分开的反应空间中包含a）在第一反应空间中使式II的4-氰基丁醛与过量的氨在20-150℃的酸性多相催化剂上反应 和b）在第二反应空间中，在过量的氨存在下，使用过量的氢在含有钴，镍，钌和/或其它贵金属的催化剂上氢化所得反应产物， 如果需要，可以使用碱性组分或碱性或中性载体，在60至150℃和50至50℃ 500吧。

    Preparation of cyclopentenones
    10.
    发明授权
    Preparation of cyclopentenones 失效
    环戊二烯的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5118864A

    公开(公告)日：1992-06-02

    申请号：US664382

    申请日：1991-03-04

    申请人： Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel ,  Hans Horler ,  Helmut Lermer

    发明人： Franz Merger ,  Tom Witzel ,  Hans Horler ,  Helmut Lermer

    IPC分类号： B01J21/12 ,  B01J29/06 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C45/45 ,  C07C45/54 ,  C07C49/597

    CPC分类号： C07C45/455 ,  Y02P20/582

    摘要： Cyclopentenones of the formula I ##STR1## where each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is independently of the others hydrogen or an organic radical, are prepared by converting a carboxylic ester of the formula IIa, IIb or IIcR.sup.1 CH.dbd.CR.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5 (IIa) and/orR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5(IIb) and/orR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 --CHR.sup.2 --CR.sup.3 .dbd.CR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5(IIc),where each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is as defined above and R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, over an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at 50.degree.-800.degree. C. and 0.001-50 bar.

    摘要翻译： 通过将式IIa，IIb或IIc的羧酸酯R1CH = CR2-CHR3-CHR4转化成其中R 1至R 4各自独立地为氢或有机基团的式I（I）的环戊烯酮 -CO 2 R 5（IIa）和/或R 1 CH 2 -CR 2 = CR 3 -CHR 4 -CO 2 R 5（IIb）和/或R 1 CH 2 -CHR 2 -CR 3 = CR 4 -CO 2 R 5（IIc），其中R 1至R 4各自如上所定义， -C 1-8 - 烷基，在50-800℃和0.001-50巴的酸性非均相催化剂上。