Preparation of cyclopentenones
    1.
    发明授权
    Preparation of cyclopentenones 失效
    环戊二烯的制备

    公开(公告)号:US5118864A

    公开(公告)日:1992-06-02

    申请号:US664382

    申请日:1991-03-04

    CPC分类号: C07C45/455 Y02P20/582

    摘要: Cyclopentenones of the formula I ##STR1## where each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is independently of the others hydrogen or an organic radical, are prepared by converting a carboxylic ester of the formula IIa, IIb or IIcR.sup.1 CH.dbd.CR.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5 (IIa) and/orR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 --CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5(IIb) and/orR.sup.1 CH.sub.2 --CHR.sup.2 --CR.sup.3 .dbd.CR.sup.4 --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5(IIc),where each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is as defined above and R.sup.5 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, over an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at 50.degree.-800.degree. C. and 0.001-50 bar.

    摘要翻译: 通过将式IIa,IIb或IIc的羧酸酯R1CH = CR2-CHR3-CHR4转化成其中R 1至R 4各自独立地为氢或有机基团的式I(I)的环戊烯酮 -CO 2 R 5(IIa)和/或R 1 CH 2 -CR 2 = CR 3 -CHR 4 -CO 2 R 5(IIb)和/或R 1 CH 2 -CHR 2 -CR 3 = CR 4 -CO 2 R 5(IIc),其中R 1至R 4各自如上所定义, -C 1-8 - 烷基,在50-800℃和0.001-50巴的酸性非均相催化剂上。

    Preparation of 2-(3-aminopropyl)-cycloalkylamines
    2.
    发明授权
    Preparation of 2-(3-aminopropyl)-cycloalkylamines 失效
    2-(3-氨基丙基) - 环丙基胺的制备

    公开(公告)号:US5239120A

    公开(公告)日:1993-08-24

    申请号:US676087

    申请日:1991-03-27

    摘要: A process for the preparation of a 2-(3-aminopropyl)-cycloalkylamine of the general formula I ##STR1## in which the subscript n is an integer from 1 to 4, from a 2-(2-cyanoethyl)-cycloalkanone of the general formula II ##STR2## in which the subscript n has the meaning stated, wherein the following stages are carried out in discrete reaction chambers:a) the 2-(2-cyanoethyl)-cycloalkanone of formula II is reacted in a first reaction chamber with excess ammonia over an acidic heterogeneous catalyst at a temperature from 20.degree. to 150.degree. C. and a pressure of from 15 to 500 bar, andb) in a second reaction chamber, the reaction product from stage a) is hydrogenated at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. and a pressure of from 50 to 300 bar in the presence of excess ammonia over a catalyst containing cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, and/or some other noble metal, which catalyst optionally contains a basic component or is supported on neutral or basic supporting material.

    摘要翻译: 2-(2-氰基乙基) - (2-氨基丙基) - 环烷基胺的制备方法,其中下标n为1至4的整数,通式I(I) 通式II(II)的环烷酮,其中下标n具有所述的含义,其中以下步骤在离散的反应室中进行:a)式II的2-(2-氰基乙基) - 环烷酮是 在酸性多相催化剂的第一反应室中,在第二反应室中,在20至150℃的温度和15至500巴的压力下,在第一反应室中与过量的氨反应,和b)在第二反应室中,反应产物从步骤a )在过量氨的存在下在含有钴,镍,钌和/或一些其它贵金属的催化剂的温度下在60至150℃的温度和50至300巴的压力下氢化,该催化剂 可选地含有基本组分或者在中性或基础支撑材料上支撑。

    Conversion of 1,3-dioxanes to 4-oxaaldehydes
    3.
    发明授权
    Conversion of 1,3-dioxanes to 4-oxaaldehydes 失效
    1,3-二恶烷转化为4-氧杂醛

    公开(公告)号:US4939280A

    公开(公告)日:1990-07-03

    申请号:US188416

    申请日:1988-04-29

    摘要: 4-Oxaaldehydes of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by catalytic isomerization of 1,3-dioxanes by a process in which a 1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and are each hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical of not more than 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl or alkenylaryl radical of 5 to 16 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic radical, and furthermore R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may form a cycloalkane, a cycloalkene or a heterocyclic structure, and the stated radicals may furthermore carry substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl, is isomerized using a phosphate as a catalyst.

    摘要翻译: 通过其中R1,R2,R4和R5相同或不同的式“IMAGE”的1,3-二恶烷的方法,通过1,3-二恶烷的催化异构化制备式“IMAGE”的4-氧代醛, 各自为氢,不超过18个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,烯基或炔基,5至8个碳原子的环烷基或环烯基,5至16个碳的芳基,烷基芳基,芳烷基或烯基芳基 原子或杂环基团,此外,R 1和R 2和/或R 4和R 5与它们所键合的碳原子一起可以形成环烷烃,环烯烃或杂环结构,并且所述基团还可以携带惰性的取代基 在反应条件下,R 3为氢或直链或支链烷基,使用磷酸酯作为催化剂异构化。

    Separation of ortho-, meta- and para-tolunitrile from ternary mixtures
of the isomers
    6.
    发明授权
    Separation of ortho-, meta- and para-tolunitrile from ternary mixtures of the isomers 失效
    从异构体的三元混合物中分离出邻位,间位和对 - 甲苯腈

    公开(公告)号:US5002639A

    公开(公告)日:1991-03-26

    申请号:US566677

    申请日:1990-08-13

    IPC分类号: C07C253/34

    CPC分类号: C07C253/34

    摘要: A process for the separation of ortho-, meta- and para-tolunitrile from ternary mixtures of isomers entails removing ortho-tolunitrile from these mixtures by distillation under pressures of from 10.sup.2 and 10.sup.5 Pa and with a reflux ratio of from 1:1 to 200:1, and distilling the remaining binary mixture of meta- and para-tolunitrile to concentrate to more than 75 mol-% para-tolunitrile, and freezing out the paratolunitrile at below 26.degree. C., and a process for the preparation of suitable ternary mixtures of isomers entails isomerization of pure ortho-, meta- or para-tolunitrile or mixtures thereof at from 380.degree. to 580.degree. C. on zeolite catalysts.

    摘要翻译: 从异构体的三元混合物中分离原始,间位和对 - 仲腈的方法需要通过在102和105Pa的压力下回流,从1:1至200的回流比从这些混合物中除去邻 - :1,并蒸馏剩余的元 - 和对 - 仲腈的二元混合物以浓缩至大于75mol%的对 - 仲腈,并在低于26℃下冷冻副产物腈,以及制备合适的三元 异构体的混合物需要在380-580℃下对沸石催化剂上的纯邻位,间位或对 - 甲苯腈或其混合物异构化。

    Separation of a diester of (meth)acrylic acid with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.6
-alkanediol
    10.
    发明授权
    Separation of a diester of (meth)acrylic acid with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkanediol 失效
    (甲基)丙烯酸的二酯与C4-C6-链烷二醇的分离

    公开(公告)号:US5663421A

    公开(公告)日:1997-09-02

    申请号:US541703

    申请日:1995-10-10

    CPC分类号: C07C67/58

    摘要: A diester of (meth)acrylic acid with a C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkanediol is separated from a mixture which essentially consists of the C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkanediol, the monoester of (meth)acrylic acid with the C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkanediol and the diester of (meth)acrylic acid with the C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 -alkanediol by extraction with an organic solvent in the presence of water, by a process in which the diester-containing mixture is added continuously in the middle section of an extraction column and in addition water and the organic extracting agent are passed continuously countercurrent in the extraction column.

    摘要翻译: (甲基)丙烯酸与C4-C6-链烷二醇的二酯与C4-C6-链烷二醇,(甲基)丙烯酸与C4-C6-链烷二醇的单酯和 (甲基)丙烯酸与C4-C6-链烷二醇的有机溶剂在水的存在下萃取,其中将含二酯的混合物连续加入萃取塔的中间部分,另外加入水和 有机提取剂在提取塔中持续逆流通过。