摘要:
A method for measuring an absorption characteristic of a sample comprises: providing a microstrip waveguide comprising a ground plane, an elongate conductive strip having a first end and a second end, and a dielectric substrate separating the ground plane from the elongate strip such that the strip extends from its first end to its second end in a plane substantially parallel to the ground plane; emitting electromagnetic radiation from a first intermediate position along the microstrip waveguide, said first intermediate position being a position between the first and second ends of the strip, such that said radiation propagates along the waveguide in a direction towards the second end; positioning a sample at a position external to the microstrip waveguide and between the first intermediate position and a second intermediate position along the microstrip waveguide, the second intermediate position being a position between the first intermediate position and the second end, such that at least a portion of the sample is exposed to the evanescent electric field of the propagating radiation; and detecting at least one characteristic of the propagating radiation at said second intermediate position. Corresponding apparatus is also disclosed.
摘要:
A method of generating radiation comprises: manufacturing a structure comprising a substrate supporting a layer of InGaAs, InGaAsP, or InGaAlAs material doped with a dopant, said manufacturing comprising growing said layer such that said dopant is incorporated in said layer during growth of the layer; illuminating a portion of a surface of the structure with radiation having photon energies greater than or equal to a band gap of the doped InGaAs, InGaAsP, or InGaAlAs material so as to create electron-hole pairs in the layer of doped material; and accelerating the electrons and holes of said pairs with an electric field so as to generate radiation. In certain embodiments the dopant is Fe. Corresponding radiation detecting apparatus, spectroscopy systems, and antennas are described.
摘要:
A method of generating radiation comprises: manufacturing a structure comprising a substrate supporting a layer of InGaAs, InGaAsP, or InGaAlAs material doped with a dopant, said manufacturing comprising growing said layer such that said dopant is incorporated in said layer during growth of the layer; illuminating a portion of a surface of the structure with radiation having photon energies greater than or equal to a band gap of the doped InGaAs, InGaAsP, or InGaAlAs material so as to create electron-hole pairs in the layer of doped material; and accelerating the electrons and holes of said pairs with an electric field so as to generate radiation. In certain embodiments the dopant is Fe. Corresponding radiation detecting apparatus, spectroscopy systems, and antennas are described.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus comprising a base for affixing structures thereto, a drive wheel, a polishing wheel assembly, a polishing belt, and at least one routing wheel engaged with the polishing belt. The polishing wheel assembly includes an elongated arm including a distal end, and a rotatable polishing wheel supported at the distal end of the elongated arm. The polishing belt is made with an abrasive outer surface to perform the polishing, and an inner surface for engagement with the perimeters of the drive wheel and the polishing wheel. The routing wheel is engaged with the outer surface of the polishing belt, such that the contact arc of the polishing belt with the polishing wheel differs from an arc of the polishing wheel perimeter extending from a first tangent line between the drive wheel and the polishing wheel to a second tangent line between the drive wheel and the polishing wheel.
摘要:
A method for facilitating the detection of misuse of an identity during an electronic transaction. The invention comprises at least five embodiments. In a first embodiment, the method comprises the step of: receiving a notification to authenticate the use of an identity at a first location, wherein the identity is associated with a first wireless terminal; determining an approximate location of the first wireless terminal based on cached position information, the approximate location of the first wireless terminal being a second location; determining whether the first and second locations match in geographical proximity; and generating an alert if the first and second locations do not match in geographical proximity. In a second embodiment, an approximate location of the first wireless terminal is determined based on cached position information stored on a GPS position database.
摘要:
In one embodiment the fastening of a detachable panel can be seen in, an assembly comprising a fastener 28, a panel 10 and a supporting structure 12. The panel 10 and a flange 14 of the supporting structure 12 are formed with respective tapered holes 22,24 which receive the fastener 28, the taper of one hole being a continuation of the taper of the other. The fastener 28 is secured to the flange 12 and urges a tapered surface 32 of the fastener 28 into the tapered holes 22, 24 in a non-jamming manner thereby locating the panel 10 with respect to the flange 12 and hence with respect to the supporting structure 14.
摘要:
A method and system and calibration technique for power measurement and management over multiple time frames provides responsive power control while meeting global system power consumption and power dissipation limits. Power output of one or more system power supplies is measured and processed to produce power values over multiple differing time frames. The measurements from the differing time frames are used to determine whether or not system power consumption should be adjusted and then one or more devices is power-managed in response to the determination. The determination may compare a set of maximum and/or minimum thresholds to each of the measurements from the differing time frames. A calibration technique uses a precision reference resistor and voltage reference controlled current source to introduce a voltage drop from the input side of a power supply sense resistor calibration is made at the common mode voltage of the power supply output.
摘要:
A fire resistant composition comprising: a silicone polymer; mica in an amount of from 5% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; and a limited amount of glass additive sufficient to enable the formation of a self supporting ceramic material at temperatures above the decomposition temperature of the silicone polymer and below the fire rating temperature of the composition. The glass additive addition required to produce the self supporting ceramic material has been found to be preferably from 0.3% to 8% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The composition is applicable to products formed for fire wall linings, fire partitions, screens, ceilings or linings, structural fire protection, fire door inserts, window or door seals, intumescent seals, in electrical switchboard cabinets or cables. In one cable application, the composition may be used as the extruded intermediate material (2) between the conductor (3) and extruded sheath (4).
摘要:
A wireless communication system and method that can operate without relying on fixed infrastructure, such as fixed base stations and mobile terminal switching offices (MTSOs), of prior art cellular communication systems. In one embodiment of the invention, a SOWC protocol is used based on de novo creation of communication pathways (cps) to transfer messages between mobile terminals (MTs). In another embodiment, nearest neighbor methodology (NNM) is used to transfer messages between MTs. In a further embodiment, MTs comprise memory loaded with SOWC and/or NNM communication algorithms. In a further embodiment, SOCC and/or NNM enabled MTs are loaded with CDMA and/or GSM to enable MTs so equipped to operate independently of fixed infrastructure or in cooperation with fixed infrastructure such as fixed base stations.
摘要:
A vane pump, having an inlet for receiving fuel and an outlet from which fuel is supplied, comprising a generally cylindrical member, a driven rotor arranged within the cylindrical member and a closure member. The cylindrical member and the closure member co-operate to define a recirculation passage interconnecting the outlet and the inlet, the output pressure of fuel discharged from the pump being regulated by a resiliently biased valve means controlling the flow of fuel through said recirculation passage.