公开(公告)号：US20040142244A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-22

申请号：US10731771

申请日：2003-12-05

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Bruce D. Katz

IPC: H01M002/16

CPC classification number: C03C4/18 ,  C03C10/00 ,  H01M2/16 ,  H01M2/1673 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M6/18 ,  H01M6/181 ,  H01M6/182 ,  H01M6/185 ,  H01M6/187 ,  H01M6/188 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/056 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0565 ,  H01M10/0583 ,  H01M2004/021 ,  H01M2300/0065 ,  H01M2300/0094

Abstract: Disclosed are ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The composites may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the properties of different ionic conductors are combined in a composite material that has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The composite is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the composite is incorporated.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于保护活性金属阳极的离子导电复合材料及其制造方法。 复合材料可以结合在活性金属负极（阳极）结构和电池单元中。 根据本发明，将不同离子导体的性质组合成复合材料，其具有对电池制造中遇到的对阳极，阴极和环境条件的高总离子导电性和化学稳定性的期望性质。 该复合材料能够保护活性金属阳极免受与其它电池组分或环境条件的有害反应，同时提供高水平的离子导电性以促进其中掺入复合材料的电池单元的制造和/或增强性能。

公开(公告)号：US20040197641A1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-07

申请号：US10772157

申请日：2004-02-03

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon

IPC: H01M014/00 ,  H01M002/16 ,  H01M016/00 ,  H01M004/86 ,  H01M004/90

CPC classification number: H01M4/628 ,  H01M2/1646 ,  H01M2/1653 ,  H01M2/1686 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M6/04 ,  H01M6/34 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/058 ,  H01M10/24 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M10/38 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M12/08 ,  H01M16/00 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2300/0071 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y02E60/124 ,  Y02P70/54 ,  Y10T29/49108 ,  Y10T29/4911 ,  Y10T29/49115

Abstract: Alkali (or other active) metal battery and other electrochemical cells incorporating active metal anodes together with aqueous cathode/electrolyte systems. The battery cells have a highly ionically conductive protective membrane adjacent to the alkali metal anode that effectively isolates (de-couples) the alkali metal electrode from solvent, electrolyte processing and/or cathode environments, and at the same time allows ion transport in and out of these environments. Isolation of the anode from other components of a battery cell or other electrochemical cell in this way allows the use of virtually any solvent, electrolyte and/or cathode material in conjunction with the anode. Also, optimization of electrolytes or cathode-side solvent systems may be done without impacting anode stability or performance. In particular, Li/water, Li/air and Li/metal hydride cells, components, configurations and fabrication techniques are provided.

Abstract translation: 碱（或其他活性）金属电池和其他电化学电池，其中加入活性金属阳极以及含水阴极/电解质体系。 电池单元具有与碱金属阳极相邻的高离子导电保护膜，其有效地将碱金属电极与溶剂，电解质处理和/或阴极环境隔离（去耦合），并且同时允许离子输入和输出 的这些环境。 以这种方式将阳极与电池单元或其它电化学电池的其它组件隔离允许使用与阳极结合的实际上任何溶剂，电解质和/或阴极材料。 此外，电解质或阴极侧溶剂体系的优化可以在不影响阳极稳定性或性能的情况下进行。 特别地，提供了Li /水，Li /空气和Li /金属氢化物电池，组件，构造和制造技术。

公开(公告)号：US20040126653A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-01

申请号：US10686189

申请日：2003-10-14

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Bruce D. Katz

IPC: H01M002/16 ,  H01M002/18

CPC classification number: H01M4/134 ,  C03C4/18 ,  C03C10/00 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0583 ,  H01M2004/021 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y10T29/49112 ,  Y10T29/49115

Abstract: Disclosed are ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The composites may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the properties of different ionic conductors are combined in a composite material that has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The composite is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the composite is incorporated.

公开(公告)号：US20030088971A1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-15

申请号：US10189908

申请日：2002-07-03

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Bruce D. Katz

IPC: H01L021/00

CPC classification number: H01M10/052 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/0402 ,  H01M4/0404 ,  H01M4/0423 ,  H01M4/0428 ,  H01M4/0471 ,  H01M4/0488 ,  H01M4/0495 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/1395 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/387 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M6/40 ,  Y10T29/413 ,  Y10T29/435 ,  Y10T29/49108 ,  Y10T29/49114 ,  Y10T29/49115

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for forming active metal battery alloy electrodes having protective layers (nullencapsulated electrodesnull). Charged and uncharged encapsulated alloy electrodes and methods for their fabrication are provided.

Abstract translation: 公开了形成具有保护层（“封装电极”）的有源金属电池合金电极的方法。 提供带电和不带电的封装合金电极及其制造方法。

公开(公告)号：US20040248009A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-09

申请号：US10455259

申请日：2003-06-04

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Lutgard De Jonghe ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Steven J. Visco

IPC: H01M004/58 ,  H01M006/00 ,  H01M006/18 ,  H01M010/00

CPC classification number: H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/0402 ,  H01M4/368 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M6/14 ,  H01M10/0563 ,  H01M10/4235

Abstract: Voltage delay in an active metal anode/liquid cathode battery cell can be significantly reduced or completely alleviated by coating the active metal anode (e.g., Li) surface with a thin layer of an inorganic compound with Li-ion conductivity using chemical treatment of Li surface. Particularly, preferred examples of such compounds include lithium phosphate, lithium metaphosphate, and/or their mixtures or solid solutions with lithium sulphate. These compounds can be formed on the Li surface by treatment with diluted solutions of the following individual acids: H3PO4, HPO3 and H2SO4, their acidic salts, or their binary or ternary mixtures in a dry organic solvent compatible with Li, for instance in 1,2-DME; by various deposition techniques. Such chemical protection of the Li or other active metal electrode significantly reduces the voltage delay due to protected anode's improved stability toward the electrolyte.

Abstract translation: 通过使用Li表面的化学处理，用具有Li离子传导性的无机化合物的薄层涂覆活性金属阳极（例如Li）表面，可以显着降低或完全减轻活性金属阳极/液体阴极电池单元中的电压延迟 。 特别地，这些化合物的优选实例包括磷酸锂，偏磷酸锂和/或其与硫酸锂的混合物或固溶体。 这些化合物可以在Li表面上通过用与Li相容的干燥有机溶剂中的以下各种酸：H 3 PO 4，HPO 3和H 2 SO 4，它们的酸性盐或其二元或三元混合物的稀释溶液，例如1， 2-DME; 通过各种沉积技术。 Li或其他活性金属电极的这种化学保护显着地降低了由于被保护的阳极提高了对电解质的稳定性的电压延迟。

公开(公告)号：US20040191617A1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-30

申请号：US10772228

申请日：2004-02-03

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Bruce D. Katz

IPC: H01M002/16 ,  H01M010/36

CPC classification number: H01M4/13 ,  H01M2/1673 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M2300/0065 ,  H01M2300/0094

Abstract: Disclosed are ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The membranes may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the membrane has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The membrane is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the membrane is incorporated.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于保护活性金属阳极的离子导电膜及其制造方法。 膜可以结合在活性金属负极（阳极）结构和电池单元中。 根据本发明，膜具有对电池制造中遇到的阳极总体离子导电性和化学稳定性，阴极和环境条件的期望性质。 该膜能够保护活性金属阳极免受与其他电池组分或环境条件的有害反应，同时提供高水平的离子导电性以促进制造和/或增强其中掺入膜的电池单元的性能。

公开(公告)号：US20040081894A1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-29

申请号：US10645193

申请日：2003-08-20

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  May-Ying Chu ,  Steven J. Visco

IPC: H01M010/40

CPC classification number: H01M4/06 ,  H01M4/12 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M6/162 ,  H01M6/168 ,  H01M6/18

Abstract: Disclosed are oxidizer-treated lithium electrodes, battery cells containing such oxidizer-treated lithium electrodes, battery cell electrolytes containing oxidizing additives, and methods of treating lithium electrodes with oxidizing agents and battery cells containing such oxidizer-treated lithium electrodes. Battery cells containing SO2 as an electrolyte additive in accordance with the present invention exhibit higher discharge capacities after cell storage over cells not containing SO2. Pre-treating the lithium electrode with SO2 gas prior to battery assembly prevented cell polarization. Moreover, the SO2 treatment does not negatively impact sulfur utilization and improves the lithium's electrochemical function as the negative electrode in the battery cell.

Abstract translation: 公开了氧化剂处理的锂电极，含有这种氧化剂处理的锂电极的电池单元，含有氧化剂的电池单体电解质，以及用氧化剂处理锂电极的方法和含有氧化剂处理过的锂电极的电池单元。 含有根据本发明的电解质添加剂的SO 2的电池在不含SO 2的电池上存储电池后，放电容量较高。 在电池组装之前用SO2气预处理锂电极可防止电池极化。 此外，SO2处理不会对硫利用产生负面影响，并且提高锂作为电池单元中的负极的电化学功能。

公开(公告)号：US20040253510A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-16

申请号：US10861336

申请日：2004-06-03

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Lutgard C. De Jonghe ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Steven J. Visco

IPC: H01M002/16 ,  H01M004/38 ,  H01M004/46 ,  H01M004/40

CPC classification number: H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/136 ,  H01M4/139 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M4/54 ,  H01M4/5825 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M6/16 ,  H01M6/162 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/0568 ,  H01M10/0569 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M2004/027

Abstract: Active metal anodes can be protected from deleterious reaction and voltage delay in an active metal anode-solid cathode battery cell can be significantly reduced or completely alleviated by coating the active metal anode (e.g., Li) surface with a thin layer of a chemical protective layer incorporating aliovalent (multivalent) anions on the lithium metal surface. Such an aliovalent surface layer is conductive to Li-ions but can protect lithium metal from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen or moisture in ambient atmosphere thereby allowing the lithium material to be handled outside of a controlled atmosphere, such as a dry room. Particularly, preferred examples of such protective layers include mixtures or solid solutions of lithium phosphate, lithium metaphosphate, and/or lithium sulphate. These protective layers can be formed on the Li surface by treatment with diluted solutions of the following acids: H3PO4, HPO3 and H2SO4 or their acidic salts in a dry organic solvent compatible with Li by various techniques. Such chemical protection of the Li or other active metal electrode significantly enhances active metal electrode protection and reduces the voltage delay due to protected anode's improved stability toward the electrolyte.

Abstract translation: 可以保护活性金属阳极免受有害反应，并且通过用化学保护层的薄层涂覆活性金属阳极（例如Li）表面，可以显着降低或完全减轻活性金属阳极固体阴极电池电池中的电压延迟 在锂金属表面上引入了二价（多价）阴离子。 这种二价表面层对Li离子是导电的，但是可以保护锂金属在环境气氛中与氧，氮或水分的反应，从而允许锂材料在诸如干燥室的受控气氛之外处理。 特别地，这种保护层的优选实例包括磷酸锂，偏磷酸锂和/或硫酸锂的混合物或固溶体。 这些保护层可以通过各种技术在与Li相容的干燥有机溶剂中用以下酸：H 3 PO 4，HPO 3和H 2 SO 4或它们的酸性盐的稀释溶液处理，在Li表面上形成。 Li或其他活性金属电极的这种化学保护显着增强了活性金属电极保护，并降低了由于保护的阳极对电解质的稳定性的改善引起的电压延迟。

公开(公告)号：US20040131944A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-08

申请号：US10686041

申请日：2003-10-14

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Steven J. Visco ,  Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  Bruce D. Katz

IPC: H01M002/16 ,  H01M010/40

CPC classification number: H01M4/134 ,  C03C4/18 ,  C03C10/00 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M4/405 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0583 ,  H01M2004/021 ,  H01M2300/0094 ,  Y10T29/49112 ,  Y10T29/49115

Abstract: Electrochemical structures with a protective interlayer for prevention of deleterious reactions between an active metal electrode and polymer electrolytes, and methods for their fabrication. The structures may be incorporated in battery cells. The interlayer is capable of protecting an active metal anode and a polymer electrolyte from deleterious reaction with one another while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to enhance performance of a battery cell in which the structure is incorporated. The interlayer has a high ionic conductivity, at least 10null7 S/cm, generally at least 10null6 S/cm, and as high as 10null3 S/cm or higher. The interlayer may be composed, in whole or in part, of active metal nitrides, active metal phosphides or active metal halides. These materials may be applied preformed, or they may be formed in situ by conversion of applied precursors on contact with the active metal anode material.

Abstract translation: 具有用于防止活性金属电极和聚合物电解质之间的有害反应的保护性中间层的电化学结构及其制造方法。 该结构可以结合在电池单体中。 中间层能够保护活性金属阳极和聚合物电解质彼此之间的有害反应，同时提供高水平的离子导电性以增强其中结合结构的电池单元的性能。 中间层具有高离子电导率，至少10 -7 S / cm，通常至少10 -6 S / cm，高达10 -3 S / cm或更高。 全部或部分中间层可以由活性金属氮化物，活性金属磷化物或活性金属卤化物组成。 这些材料可以预先施加，或者它们可以通过在与活性金属阳极材料接触时转化所施加的前体而原位形成。

公开(公告)号：US20020182508A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

申请号：US10189881

申请日：2002-07-03

Applicant: PolyPlus Battery Company

Inventor： Yevgeniy S. Nimon ,  May-Ying Chu ,  Steven J. Visco

IPC: C25C007/00 ,  C25B009/00 ,  H01M004/40 ,  H01M004/58

CPC classification number: H01M4/0495 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/0402 ,  H01M4/0404 ,  H01M4/0426 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/386 ,  H01M4/387 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M4/581 ,  H01M4/5815 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0569

Abstract: Batteries including a lithium anode stabilized with a metal-lithium alloy and battery cells comprising such anodes are provided. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell having an anode and a sulfur electrode including at least one of elemental sulfur, lithium sulfide, and a lithium polysulfide is provided. The anode includes a lithium core and a ternary alloy layer over the lithium core where the ternary alloy comprises lithium and two other metals. The ternary alloy layer is effective to increase cycle life and storageability of the electrochemical cell. In a more particular embodiment, the ternary alloy layer is comprised of lithium, copper and tin.

Abstract translation: 提供了包括用金属锂合金稳定的锂阳极的电池和包括这种阳极的电池单元。 在一个实施方案中，提供了具有包含元素硫，硫化锂和多硫化锂中的至少一种的阳极和硫电极的电化学电池。 阳极包括在锂芯上的锂芯和三元合金层，其中三元合金包含锂和另外两种金属。 三元合金层有效地提高了电化学电池的循环寿命和可储存性。 在更具体的实施方案中，三元合金层由锂，铜和锡组成。