摘要:
Methods of forming electrical interconnects include forming a copper pattern on a semiconductor substrate and then forming an electrically insulating capping layer on the copper pattern and an interlayer insulating layer on the electrically insulating capping layer. A contact hole is then formed, which extends through the interlayer insulating layer and the electrically insulating capping layer and exposes an upper surface of the copper pattern. An electroless plating step is then performed to form a copper pattern extension onto the exposed upper surface of the copper pattern. The copper pattern extension may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the electrically insulating capping layer, which may be formed as a SiCN layer.
摘要:
Methods of forming a contact pad include forming a copper pattern on a semiconductor substrate and forming a passivation layer on the copper pattern. The passivation layer is defined to have an opening therein that exposes at least a portion of an upper surface of the copper pattern. A diffusion barrier layer is formed in the opening by electroless plating the diffusion barrier layer onto the exposed portion of the upper surface of the copper pattern. This diffusion barrier layer operates as a barrier to copper out-diffusion from the copper pattern. These methods further include conformally depositing an underbump metallization layer onto at least a sidewall of the opening in the passivation layer and onto an upper surface of the diffusion barrier layer. A step is then performed to plate a contact bump (e.g., solder bump) onto a portion of the underbump metallization layer extending opposite the diffusion barrier layer.
摘要:
Methods of forming electrical interconnects include forming a copper pattern on a semiconductor substrate and then forming an electrically insulating capping layer on the copper pattern and an interlayer insulating layer on the electrically insulating capping layer. A contact hole is then formed, which extends through the interlayer insulating layer and the electrically insulating capping layer and exposes an upper surface of the copper pattern. An electroless plating step is then performed to form a copper pattern extension onto the exposed upper surface of the copper pattern. The copper pattern extension may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the electrically insulating capping layer, which may be formed as a SiCN layer.
摘要:
A preamble acquisition apparatus includes a first PN code generation unit for generating a first PN code having a bit string, a first correlation calculation unit for correlating a received frequency domain preamble signal with the first PN code within a first correlation range to generate a first correlation value, a first correlation value comparison unit for comparing the first correlation value with a first threshold value, a second PN code generation unit for generating a second PN code, a second correlation calculation unit for correlating the received frequency domain preamble signal with the second PN code within a second correlation range to generate a second correlation value, and a preamble acquisition determination unit for comparing the second correlation value with a second threshold value to determine whether to acquire the preamble. The bit values of the first PN code are located in the second PN code.
摘要:
Provided are an apparatus and a method for acquiring a code group that is used for a mobile communication terminal to acquire a scrambling code for identification of a base station. The present invention compares a part of slot values in code groups of the secondary synchronization channel transmitted to a mobile communication terminal from a base station with a part of code groups already known and, when there is a code group having a value higher than a predetermined value, reads code groups having the same pattern as that of the code group having a value higher than the predetermined value, which are previously stored in a predetermined storage. Then, the present invention excludes the read code groups from operations to reduce the quantity of unnecessary operations.
摘要:
Provided is a home-bar door and a method of manufacturing the home-bar door. The home-bar door includes a first case, an insulating plate, and a second case. The first case forms a portion of an exterior of the home-bar door, and the insulating plate is disposed in the first case as a separate component. The second case is configured to be coupled to the first case to cover the insulating plate and form the exterior of the home-bar door. Therefore, since the first and second cases can be coupled to each other after disposing the insulating plate between the first and second cases, the home-bar door can be efficiently manufactured and have good quality.
摘要:
A wireless broadband Internet (WiBro) terminal and a method of determining a sleep mode of a WiBro terminal, which can measure a strength of a preamble signal and determine an effective sleep interval are provided. A WiBro terminal, which can measure a strength of a preamble signal in the listening mode during an L frame after operating in a sleep mode during an N1 frame, and operate in a sleep mode during either an N1 or 2*N1 frames, or perform a normal operation when MOB_TRF_IND is positive, resulting from the comparing the strength with a threshold value, is provided.