摘要:
This invention relates to a process and system for cracking hydrocarbon feedstock containing vacuum resid comprising: (a) subjecting a vacuum resid to a first thermal conversion in a thermal conversion reactor (such as delayed coker, fluid coker, Flexicoker™, visbreaker and catalytic hydrovisbreaker) where at least 30 wt % of the vacuum resid is converted to material boiling below 1050° F. (566° C.); (b) introducing said thermally converted resid to a vapor/liquid separator, said separator being integrated into a steam cracking furnace, to form a vapor phase and liquid phase; (c) passing said vapor phase to the radiant furnace in said steam cracking furnace; and (d) recovering at least 30 wt % olefins from the material exiting the radiant furnace (based upon the weight of the total hydrocarbon material exiting the radiant furnace).
摘要:
Biomass is used as a co-feed for a heavy petroleum oil coking process to improve the operation of the coking process and to utilize biomaterial for the production of transportation fuels. The coking process may be a delayed coking process or a fluidized bed coking process and in each case, the presence of the biomass will decrease the coke drying time so reducing coke handling problems in the unit besides forming a superior coke product. In the case of a fluidized bed coking process using a gasifier for the coke, the addition of an alkali metal salt improves the operation of the gasifier.
摘要:
A process and apparatus for cracking a hydrocarbon feed containing resid, comprising: heating a hydrocarbon feedstock containing resid; passing said heated hydrocarbon feedstock to a vapor/liquid separator; flashing said heated hydrocarbon feedstock in said vapor/liquid separator to form a vapor phase and a liquid phase containing said resid; passing at least a portion of said resid-containing liquid phase from said vapor/liquid separator to a thermal conversion reactor operating at 649° C. or more, wherein the thermal conversion reactor contains coke particles; and converting at least a portion of said resid into olefins.
摘要:
An improved fluidized coking process wherein an effective amount of a basic material, preferably an alkali or alkaline-earth metal-containing compound, is added to the coking zone to mitigate agglomeration of the coke during the coking of a heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to produce lower boiling products.
摘要:
Biomass is used as a co-feed for a heavy petroleum oil coking process to improve the operation of the coking process and to utilize biomaterial for the production of transportation fuels. The coking process may be a delayed coking process or a fluidized bed coking process and in each case, the presence of the biomass will decrease the coke drying time so reducing coke handling problems in the unit besides forming a superior coke product. In the case of a fluidized bed coking process using a gasifier for the coke, the addition of an alkali metal salt improves the operation of the gasifier.
摘要:
An improved, fouling-resistant configuration for the stripper sheds of fluid coking units comprises an inverted, open-bottomed channel with apertures spaced along the length of the channel and spaced from the apex of the channel. Preferably, the channels are of an inverted-V configuration with a downwardly extending lip provided on each side of the channel, extending from the bottom edge of each side of the channel. The stripper sheds may be positioned parallel to one another in the stripper section of the reactor vessel or, alternatively, the sheds in different tiers in the stripper section may be disposed so that the longitudinal axes of the sheds are rotated angularly relative to the sheds in other rows.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for determining the source of fouling in petroleum thermal conversion process units. More particularly, the invention distinguishes whether fouling occurs due to feed entrainment of small feed droplets or vapor phase condensation.
摘要:
A process wherein a residuum feedstock is upgraded in a short vapor contact time thermal process unit comprised of a horizontal moving bed of fluidized hot particles, then fed to a fluid catalytic cracking process unit. Hot flue gases from the fluid catalytic cracking unit is used to circulate solid particles and to provide process heat to the thermal process unit.
摘要:
An improved coking process for normally solid carbonaceous materials wherein the yield of liquid product from the coker is increased by adding ammonia or an ammonia precursor to the coker. The invention is particularly useful in a process wherein coal liquefaction bottoms are coked to produce both a liquid and a gaseous product. Broadly, ammonia or an ammonia precursor is added to the coker ranging from about 1 to about 60 weight percent based on normally solid carbonaceous material and is preferably added in an amount from about 2 to about 15 weight percent.
摘要:
The invention relates to an improvement in an integrated, two stage coking and steam cracking process for the production of unsaturated light hydrocarbons. A heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil is first coked in a fluidized bed coking zone. The vaporous conversion product is passed to a dilute phase. High temperature cracking in the presence of steam is carried out on the vaporous coker conversion product by injecting into the vapors a stream of hot coke particles at a sufficient temperature and in sufficient amount to raise the coker vapors to steam cracking temperature and supply the endothermic heat of reaction. Solids are separated from product gas in a gas-solids separation zone such as one or more cyclones and sent to the fluid coking zone and the gas is quenched to stop olefin degradation reactions. According to the improvement, relatively low temperature steam is introduced into contact with the separated solids to superheat the steam and cool the solids. Suitably this is effected in a riser on the cyclone dipleg. The solids, after having given up heat to the steam, pass into the coking zone and the superheated steam passes into the dilute phase and serves as part of the dilution steam therefor. Conservation of fuel and mitigation of coke on reactor walls and equipment are advantages of the process.