摘要:
Provided is an erbium doped optical fiber (EDF) for amplification which allows an easy estimation of the amplification performance and high production stability. The fiber includes a core and a cladding. The core is mainly made of silica glass and doped with erbium at a concentration of 500 wtppm or more and 2500 wtppm or less. In the fiber, the cutoff wavelength is 850 nm or more and 1450 nm or less, the mode field diameter is 4.5 μm or more and 6.5 μm or less, the polarization mode dispersion is not more than 0.1 ps per 10 m, the coordination number of oxygen elements around an erbium element in the core is one or more and eight or less, and the bond length between erbium and oxygen is 0.225 nm or more and 0.235 or less.
摘要:
An oscillator circuit comprises a piezoelectric vibrator, an amplifier device including inverters provided in a plurality of stages, and an inverter control device. The inverters provided in the plurality of stages includes a performance-variable inverter configured which is operational in both of an initial phase of oscillation startup and a post-startup phase where the oscillation is stabilized and capable of a variable performance depending on whether the initial phase of oscillation startup or the post-startup phase where the oscillation is stabilized, and an ON/OFF inverter which is operational in the initial phase of oscillation startup and disconnected in the post-startup phase where the oscillation is stabilized. The inverter control device have the performance-variable inverter and the ON/OFF inverter both operational and lowers the performance of the performance-variable inverter in the initial phase of oscillation startup, and the inverter control device disconnects the ON/OFF inverter and increases the performance of the performance-variable inverter in the post-startup phase where the oscillation is stabilized.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an optical fiber preform fabricating method that makes it possible to implement a reduction in iron impurities at a low cost. The optical fiber preform fabricating method comprises a glass synthesis step for forming a glass region constituting at least a part of the core area of the optical fiber. The glass synthesis step includes a deposition step of depositing glass particles containing the Al-element inside the glass pipe by means of chemical vapor deposition, and a consolidation step of obtaining a transparent glass body from the glass soot body thus obtained. In other words, the deposition step synthesizes glass particles on the inside wall of a glass pipe by feeding raw material gas, in which the content ratio (O/Al) of the O-element and Al-element is 20 or less, into the glass pipe. Furthermore, the consolidation step obtains a transparent glass body from the glass soot body by heating the glass soot body. The transparent glass body that is formed in the consolidation step constitutes part of the core region.
摘要:
Provided is an erbium doped optical fiber (EDF) for amplification which allows an easy estimation of the amplification performance and high production stability. The fiber includes a core and a cladding. The core is mainly made of silica glass and doped with erbium at a concentration of 500 wtppm or more and 2500 wtppm or less. In the fiber, the cutoff wavelength is 850 nm or more and 1450 nm or less, the mode field diameter is 4.5 μm or more and 6.5 μm or less, the polarization mode dispersion is not more than 0.1 ps per 10 m, the coordination number of oxygen elements around an erbium element in the core is one or more and eight or less, and the bond length between erbium and oxygen is 0.225 nm or more and 0.235 or less.
摘要:
An optical fiber bundle that has better ultraviolet resistance characteristics at a wavelength range of 150 to 250 nm and that can be readily and cheaply manufactured with no risk of, for example, explosion during manufacturing and its manufacturing method are provided. In the optical fiber bundle, optical fibers including a core mainly containing silica glass and a cladding containing silica glass and fluorine are bundled and accommodated in a container. This container has optically transparent ends, accommodates hydrogen or deuterium as well as the optical fibers, and is sealed. The capacity of the container is 10 times or less as large as the volume of glass of the optical fibers. The method of manufacturing the optical fiber bundle includes the steps of impregnating the optical fibers with hydrogen or deuterium by keeping the optical fibers in a hydrogen or deuterium atmosphere; bundling the optical fibers and accommodating the bundled optical fibers in the container before the hydrogen or deuterium desorbs from the optical fibers; and sealing the container so that hydrogen or deuterium that has desorbed from the optical fibers can be kept in the container.
摘要:
An optical fiber bundle that has better ultraviolet resistance characteristics at a wavelength range of 150 to 250 nm and that can be readily and cheaply manufactured with no risk of, for example, explosion during manufacturing and its manufacturing method are provided. In the optical fiber bundle, optical fibers including a core mainly containing silica glass and a cladding containing silica glass and fluorine are bundled and accommodated in a container. This container has optically transparent ends, accommodates hydrogen or deuterium as well as the optical fibers, and is sealed. The capacity of the container is 10 times or less as large as the volume of glass of the optical fibers. The method of manufacturing the optical fiber bundle includes the steps of impregnating the optical fibers with hydrogen or deuterium by keeping the optical fibers in a hydrogen or deuterium atmosphere; bundling the optical fibers and accommodating the bundled optical fibers in the container before the hydrogen or deuterium desorbs from the optical fibers; and sealing the container so that hydrogen or deuterium that has desorbed from the optical fibers can be kept in the container.
摘要:
A method produces a glass body that contains a reduced amount of OH groups in the metallic-oxide-containing glass layer and that has a reduced amount of transmission loss due to OH groups when the glass body is transformed into an optical fiber. The production method produces an optical glass body. An optical fiber contains the optical glass body in at least one part of its region for guiding a lightwave. The production method includes the following steps: (a) introducing into a glass pipe a gas containing an organometallic compound and a glass-forming material; (b) decomposing the organometallic compound into an organic constituent and a metallic constituent; (c) heating and oxidizing the metallic constituent so that produced glass particles containing a metallic oxide are deposited on the inner surface of the glass pipe to form a glass-particle-deposited layer; and (d) consolidating the deposited layer to form a metallic-oxide-containing glass layer.
摘要:
A haptic feedback input device includes a pair of driving levers journaled at a frame such that rotary shafts thereof are perpendicular to each other, an operating lever coupled to an intersection of the two driving levers such that it can rock, and a pair of rotary motors that apply feedback force to the operating lever via the two driving levers. In the haptic feedback input device, a pair of rotary encoders detect the relative dislocation amount of the operating level, and an absolute position detecting unit is composed of swing arms fixed to the two driving levers and photo interrupters that detect the existence of blocking portions formed at the swing arms and that output ON/OFF signals. A control unit calculates a reference position of the operating lever based on ON/OFF switching signals of the photo interrupters.
摘要:
A cosmetic comprising (A) a phosphoric triester represented by the general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X, Y and Z are independently an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, l and m are independently a number of 1 to 10, and n is a number of 0 to 10, and (B) a skin activating component.
摘要翻译:一种化妆品,其包含(A)由通式(1)表示的磷酸三酯:其中R 1和R 2独立地为具有1至8个碳原子的烷基, R 3是具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,X,Y和Z独立地是具有2或3个碳原子的亚烷基,l和m独立地是1至10的数,以及 n为0〜10的数,(B)皮肤活化成分。
摘要:
The present invention relates to an optical amplification fiber and others capable of effectively reducing nonlinear interaction between signal channels even in transmission of multiplexed signal light containing multiple signal channels arranged in high density and also effectively reducing bending loss. An optical amplification module has an optical isolator, a WDM coupler, an Er-doped optical fiber (EDF) as an optical amplification fiber, a WDM coupler, and an optical isolator, which are arranged in order on a signal light propagation path from an input connector to an output connector, and further has a pumping light source connected to the WDM coupler and a pumping light source connected to the other WDM coupler. The EDF, at the wavelength of 1607 nm, has a mode field diameter (MFD) of 10 μm or more to the fundamental mode and a MAC number (=MFD/cutoff wavelength) of 6.8 or less to the fundamental mode.