Abstract:
Provided are a message processing method and apparatus for allowing information to be transmitted by time designation without the influence of a time differential between the locations of sending and receiving parties. A preferred embodiment is such that when a transmission cannot be made at a designated time, the sending party is so notified. Another preferred embodiment is such that when transmission time is set in the form of standard time, information is transmitted at the set standard time.
Abstract:
An image display device of the present invention includes: a display element having pixels which are arranged in columns and rows and are grouped into a plurality of right eye pixel groups and a plurality of left eye pixel groups, each of the right eye pixel groups and the left eye pixel groups including at least one pixel; a driver which supplies driving signals to the right eye pixel groups and the left eye pixel groups independently; an optical member for making a polarization state of light exiting from the right eye pixel groups different from a polarization state of light exiting from the left eye pixel groups; and an array of microlenses which is disposed in the vicinity of the optical member, wherein each of the microlenses collimates light exiting from a corresponding one group of the right eye pixel groups and the left eye pixel groups.
Abstract:
A microlens array of high converging efficiency is provided, independently of the array and lens filling rate of microlens arrays, with a method of manufacturing microlens arrays using the diffusion process. A multitude of refractive-index distribution type microlenses formed by diffusing in a planar transparent substrate a substance contributing to increasing the refractive index of the substrate are two-dimensionally and regularly arranged on the surface of the substrate. The microlenses are densely arranged on the surface of the substrate, and diffusion fronts of the microlenses form regions where the diffusion fronts are fused with those of the adjoining microlenses. The length of a region where certain two adjoining microlenses are fused together, in the direction of a straight line connecting the centers of the two microlenses is less than 20% of the array pitch of the microlenses in the above-mentioned direction.
Abstract:
An image display apparatus is disclosed which includes: an optical system including a light source and at least one projection lens; a display means for forming a display image, the display means including a non-luminescent display panel and a microlens array disposed on the light-incidence side of the display panel; and at least one projection lens for projecting the display image; wherein the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive made of a transparent material. In cases where the microlens array is provided with color filters which are arranged so as to correspond to the microlenses of this array, the image display apparatus can provide a bright display of color images with an improved contrast. Moreover, when the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive containing spacers, the image display apparatus has a high thermal reliability.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device which comprises first and second transparent substrates disposed one above the other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween and having pixels. The second transparent substrate includes a microlens array therein, which has microlenses for converging light on the respective pixels. The microlenses are so positioned that their focal points are located in the vicinity of the inner surface of the second transparent substrate, which is the surface on the side provided with the liquid crystal layer. Since the microlens array is included in one of the two transparent substrates, the focal length of each microlens can be made shorter, resulting in an improved effective aperture ratio.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a polymerization process toner for developing an electrostatic image which comprises the polymerization of a polymerizable monomer containing finely divided magnetic grains dispersed therein, a compound represented by formula R--(COOM).sub.n being used as a dispersant, wherein n represents an integer 1 to 4, R represents an alkyl group (including phenyl-substituted alkyl group), an alkylene group (including a phenyl-substituted alkylene group), or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and M represents a hydrogen atom, alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal. The process provides an enhancement of pigment dispersability in a toner, giving a toner that provides a high image quality.
Abstract:
A microlens array is disclosed which comprises a supporting substrate, a light condensing layer having a plurality of microlenses, and a shading layer having a plurality of openings, each of the microlenses being formed so as to condense light through the corresponding opening of the shading layer, wherein the light condensing layer is formed by exposing a photosensitive resin layer to light with the use of the shading layer as a mask, the photosensitive resin layer being formed on the supporting substrate together with the shading layer.
Abstract:
A projection-type image display device includes a transmissive image display panel having a matrix of pixels arranged at different pitches in different directions perpendicular to each other, and a planar microlens array for converging light emitted by a light source onto the transmissive image display panel. The planar microlens array comprises a substrate and a matrix of microlenses disposed on the substrate for converging the light onto the pixels, respectively, each of the microlenses being of an oblong shape. Each of the microlenses may have a longitudinal axis inclined with respect to an axis of the matrix of pixels to cover the pixel aperture of one of the pixels. The oblong shape of each of the microlenses may be composed of a pair of spaced identical semicircles and a rectangle interconnecting the identical semicircles and having sides of the same length as the diameter of the semicircles. Since the oblong microlenses are shaped to fully cover the pixel apertures of the corresponding pixels, the light from the light source is efficiently converged onto the pixels by the microlenses to produce light display images.
Abstract:
In an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) module, a light-guide plate is arranged on a side opposite to a display surface of an LCD panel, and cold-cathode tubes are provided to two sides of the light-guide plate Light generated by the cold-cathode tube is uniformly radiated on the LCD panel through the light-guide plate. The cold-cathode tubes generate heat together with light A panel cover is arranged to prevent heat from dissipating to the outside. Heat is conducted to part or an entire portion of the light-guide plate by using a heat conducting plate or the like
Abstract:
A color liquid crystal display device is provided with a light protection system for rendering a plurality of beams in mutually different wavelength ranges incident upon a common liquid crystal display element from mutually different directions. The liquid crystal display element includes a liquid crystal driving device for light modulating the respective beams transmitting therethrough at mutually different angles. Further, on the surface of the liquid crystal display element upon which the beams are incident, an optical system is provided for focusing the respective beams of different wavelength ranges from different angles and for converging light beams of similar wavelength ranges for transmission through the liquid crystal display element so that combined color images can be subsequently formed on a display screen. Moreover, with the use of a micro-lens array, when transmitting through the micro-lens array in accordance with angles of incidence, the beams incident upon the liquid crystal display element are distributively projected upon liquid crystal portions to which corresponding color signals are applied.