公开(公告)号：US20070172418A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

申请号：US11339060

申请日：2006-01-25

申请人： Terry Slager ,  Diwakar Garg ,  Xiang-Dong Peng ,  Bryan Clair Hoke

发明人： Terry Slager ,  Diwakar Garg ,  Xiang-Dong Peng ,  Bryan Clair Hoke

IPC分类号： C01B3/38

CPC分类号： C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/46 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0425 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： In a process for producing a hydrogen-containing gas, a hydrocarbon feed gas and steam are introduced into a reaction vessel containing a complex metal oxide and steam-hydrocarbon reforming catalyst thereby forming a combustible gas mixture comprising hydrogen. A regeneration gas comprising greater than 0.1 volume % oxygen up to and including 2 volume % oxygen is introduced into the reaction vessel to displace at least a portion of the combustible gas mixture from the reaction vessel. Subsequently, additional regeneration gases may be introduced into the reaction vessel. Numerous means for providing various regeneration gases are presented.

摘要翻译： 在制造含氢气体的方法中，将烃进料气体和蒸汽引入含有复合金属氧化物和蒸汽 - 烃重整催化剂的反应容器中，从而形成包含氢气的可燃气体混合物。 将包括大于0.1体积％氧气的再生气体引入反应容器中以将至少一部分可燃气体混合物从反应容器中置换。 随后，可以向反应容器中引入另外的再生气体。 提出了许多用于提供各种再生气体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20070116986A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-24

申请号：US11284193

申请日：2005-11-21

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Philip Henderson ,  Daniel Tempel ,  Thomas Jackson ,  Jie Sun

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Philip Henderson ,  Daniel Tempel ,  Thomas Jackson ,  Jie Sun

IPC分类号： C23C16/00 ,  H05H1/24 ,  B32B9/00

CPC分类号： C03C17/245 ,  C03C2217/216 ,  C03C2217/24 ,  C03C2217/241 ,  C03C2218/153 ,  C23C16/407

摘要： The present invention discloses plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process for depositing n-type and p-type zinc oxide-based transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) at low temperatures with excellent optical and electrical properties on glass and temperature sensitive materials such as plastics and polymers. Specifically, it discloses PECVD process for depositing n-type ZnO by doping it with B or F and p-type ZnO by doping it with nitrogen excellent optical and electrical properties on glass and temperature sensitive materials such as plastics and polymers for TCO application. The process utilizes a mixture of volatile zinc compound, argon and/or helium as a diluent gas, carbon dioxide as an oxidant, and a dopant or reactant to deposit the desired ZnO-based TCOs.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于在低温下沉积n型和p型氧化锌基透明导电氧化物（TCO）的等离子体增强化学气相沉积（PECVD）工艺，在玻璃和温度敏感材料如塑料上具有优异的光学和电学性能 和聚合物。 具体地说，它公开了用于通过用B或F和p型ZnO掺杂以将氮掺杂在玻璃上的优异的光学和电学性质以及用于TCO应用的诸如塑料和聚合物的温度敏感材料来沉积n型ZnO的PECVD工艺。 该方法利用挥发性锌化合物，氩和/或氦气作为稀释气体，二氧化碳作为氧化剂和掺杂剂或反应物的混合物以沉积所需的ZnO基TCO。

公开(公告)号：US20070008605A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

申请号：US11518802

申请日：2006-09-11

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Philip Henderson

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Philip Henderson

IPC分类号： G02F1/15

CPC分类号： G02F1/1523 ,  G02F1/153

摘要： A method of producing an electrochromic device, includes the steps of: providing a first electron conducting layer on a substrate, providing a working electrode in communication with the first electron conducting layer, providing an ion conducting layer in communication with the working electrode, providing an ion storage electrode in communication with the ion conducting layer, and providing a second electron conducting layer in communication with the ion storage electrode, wherein at least one and less than all of the providing steps include(s) plasma chemical vapor deposition. An electrochromic device produced by the method of the invention is disclosed, as is an apparatus adapted to perform the method of the invention, including plasma CVD devices and vacuum sputtering devices.

摘要翻译： 一种制造电致变色器件的方法，包括以下步骤：在衬底上提供第一电子传导层，提供与第一电子传导层连通的工作电极，提供与工作电极连通的离子传导层， 离子存储电极与离子传导层连通，并提供与离子存储电极连通的第二电子传导层，其中至少一个并且小于所有提供步骤包括等离子体化学气相沉积。 公开了通过本发明的方法制造的电致变色装置，以及适于执行本发明方法的装置，包括等离子体CVD装置和真空溅射装置。

公开(公告)号：US20060060818A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-23

申请号：US11208723

申请日：2005-08-23

申请人： Daniel Tempel ,  Philip Henderson ,  Jeffrey Brzozowski ,  Ronald Pearlstein ,  Diwakar Garg

发明人： Daniel Tempel ,  Philip Henderson ,  Jeffrey Brzozowski ,  Ronald Pearlstein ,  Diwakar Garg

IPC分类号： H01J7/18

CPC分类号： C01B3/001 ,  C01B9/08 ,  C01B13/0285 ,  C01B25/06 ,  C01B32/80 ,  F17C11/00 ,  F17C11/005 ,  F17C11/007 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/324

摘要： A mixture and method for the storage and delivery of a gas are disclosed herein. In one aspect, there is provided a mixture comprising: an ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation, at least a portion of the gas that is disposed within and reversibly chemically reacted with the ionic liquid, and optionally an unreacted gas. In another aspect, there is provided a method for delivering a gas from a mixture comprising an ionic liquid and one or more gases comprising: reacting at least a portion of the gas with the ionic liquid to provide the mixture comprising a chemically reacted gas and an ionic liquid and separating the chemically reacted gas from the mixture wherein the chemically reacted gas after the separating step has substantially the same chemical identity as the chemically reacted gas prior to the reacting step.

公开(公告)号：US20050101160A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-12

申请号：US10984107

申请日：2004-11-09

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Wendelyn Graham

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Wendelyn Graham

IPC分类号： H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/268 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L21/26 ,  H01L21/00

CPC分类号： H01L21/02686 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/0262 ,  H01L21/2026 ,  H01L21/268 ,  H01L31/03921 ,  H01L31/1872 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02P70/521

摘要： Method for fabricating a silicon-containing film which comprises depositing a thin film of amorphous silicon on a substrate by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process in a reaction chamber and converting at least a portion of the amorphous silicon to crystalline silicon by irradiating the film with pulsed laser energy in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere.

摘要翻译： 一种制造含硅膜的方法，该方法包括在反应室中通过等离子体增强化学气相沉积工艺在衬底上沉积非晶硅薄膜，并通过照射薄膜将至少一部分非晶硅转化为晶体硅 在含氢气氛中具有脉冲激光能量。

公开(公告)号：US06846959B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-25

申请号：US10266958

申请日：2002-10-07

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Shashank Navin Shah ,  Matthew Joseph Okasinski ,  Ava S. Drayton-Elder

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Shashank Navin Shah ,  Matthew Joseph Okasinski ,  Ava S. Drayton-Elder

IPC分类号： C07C213/04 ,  C07C215/08 ,  C07C215/12

CPC分类号： C07C213/04 ,  Y02P20/127 ,  C07C215/08 ,  C07C215/12

摘要： A process for producing an alkanolamine includes supplying a reactive distillation apparatus having an inner contacting surface which simultaneously facilitates a reaction process and a distillation process, feeding a first reactant including an amine represented by R′3-XNHX, wherein R′ is a hydrocarbon group, and X is 1, 2, or 3, feeding a second reactant including an akylene oxide represented by R″O, wherein R″ is a C2-C10-alkylene, feeding a catalyst in an amount from 0% to about 15% by weight of a mixture of the first reactant, the second reactant and the catalyst; recycling an overhead output from an overhead portion including an unreacted portion of the amine and the catalyst to achieve a substantially total reflux of the amine and the catalyst, and collecting a product output including an alkanolamine, the alkanolamine being a member selected from the group consisting of a monoalkanolamine, a dialkanolamine, and a trialkanolamine.

摘要翻译： 一种制备链烷醇胺的方法包括提供具有内接触表面的反应性蒸馏装置，其同时促进反应过程和蒸馏过程，供给包含由R'3-XNHX表示的胺的第一反应物，其中R'为烃基 ，X为1,2或3，供给包含由R'O表示的环氧烷的第二反应物，其中R“为C 2 -C 10 - 亚烷基，进料量为0％至约15的催化剂 重量％的第一反应物，第二反应物和催化剂的混合物; 从包括胺和催化剂的未反应部分的塔顶部分回收塔顶馏出物，以实现胺和催化剂的基本上全部回流，并收集包含链烷醇胺的产物产物，所述链烷醇胺是选自以下的成员： 的单烷醇胺，二链烷醇胺和三烷醇胺。

公开(公告)号：US6123324A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US137632

申请日：1998-08-21

申请人： Robert Bruce Swan ,  Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry Renard Berger ,  David Lee Mitchell, Jr.

发明人： Robert Bruce Swan ,  Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry Renard Berger ,  David Lee Mitchell, Jr.

IPC分类号： B01F3/02 ,  B01F3/04

CPC分类号： B01F3/022 ,  Y10S261/34

摘要： An improved process for humidifying a gas stream with a precise amount of moisture used in a variety of heat treating processes including annealing, brazing, and sintering of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, reflow soldering of electronic components, glass-to-metal sealing, chemical processes, chemical vapor deposition of metal oxides, laser processing, fuel cells, etc. The gaseous stream is humidified by introducing a controlled amount of water through a precision metering device and a known and precise flow rate of a gas stream into a gas-liquid contactor, and shearing and vaporizing the water stream in the gas-liquid contactor with the gas stream.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在各种热处理过程中使用的精确量的湿气加湿气流的改进方法，包括退火，钎焊和黑色金属和有色金属和合金的烧结，电子部件的回流焊接，玻璃 - 金属 密封，化学过程，金属氧化物的化学气相沉积，激光加工，燃料电池等。气流通过将受控量的水通过精密计量装置引入并被加湿，并将气流的已知和精确的流速引入 气 - 液接触器，并用气流剪切和汽化气 - 液接触器中的水流。

公开(公告)号：US5777247A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-07

申请号：US820737

申请日：1997-03-19

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry Renard Berger ,  James Garfield Marsden

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry Renard Berger ,  James Garfield Marsden

IPC分类号： B22F3/10 ,  C22C33/02 ,  B22F3/12

CPC分类号： C22C33/0264 ,  B22F3/1007 ,  C22C33/02 ,  B22F2003/023 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00

摘要： Fine powders of iron with less than 5% by weight graphite, copper, and an organic binder can be formed into shapes having a green density of up to about 7.4 g/cc and sintered in a hydrogen containing atmosphere to yield parts having minimum variations in physical properties. Incorporation of small quantities of copper, e.g. 1% or less by weight, negates variations in physical properties of sintered parts that were subjected to variations in the hydrogen content of the sintering atmosphere.

公开(公告)号：US5401451A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US91485

申请日：1993-07-13

申请人： Donald L. Meixner ,  John P. Hobbs ,  Diwakar Garg

发明人： Donald L. Meixner ,  John P. Hobbs ,  Diwakar Garg

IPC分类号： B29C49/04 ,  B29C49/46 ,  C08J7/12 ,  B29C49/18

CPC分类号： B29C49/46 ,  C08J7/126 ,  B29C49/04 ,  B29K2023/065 ,  B29K2995/0067 ,  B29K2995/0069 ,  B29L2031/7172 ,  Y10T428/1352 ,  Y10T428/1379 ,  Y10T428/139 ,  Y10T428/1397 ,  Y10T428/3154

摘要： The present invention discloses an improved process for producing plastic containers with excellent resistance to permeation by solvents such as hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon fuels, and hydrocarbon fuels with organic additives including lower alkanols and ethers consistently and reliably. The process is related to a multi-step treatment of plastic containers in a controlled manner with fluorine containing gases while blow molding them. In the process of the present invention, a parison is formed from a pre-heated thermoplastic material, expanded within a closed mold by means of an inflating gas for conforming the parison to the shape of the mold, and subjected to multiple fluorination treatment steps to effect fluorination of the interior surface of the parison. In the first step of the multi-step fluorination treatment the parison is pressurized with a reactive gas containing from about 0.05 to about 0.54% fluorine by volume while the parison is at a temperature above its self supporting temperature and for a time sufficient to effect fluorination of the interior surface of the parison. Subsequently, the interior surface of the pre-fluorinated parison is pressurized with a reactive gas containing fluorine in a concentration that is greater than that used in the initial fluorination step for a time sufficient to form said fluorinated parison with excellent resistance to solvent permeation. The parison is purged with an inert gas, vented and the container recovered. The key requirements for producing containers with excellent resistance to solvent permeation consistently and reliably include (1) minimizing and/or eliminating the molecular oxygen contaminant in the parison while treating it with fluorine containing reactive gas and (2) selecting the concentration of fluorine in the reactive gas for the first and subsequent fluorination treatment steps in such a way that it eliminates both under and over fluorination of the inside surface of the parison.

公开(公告)号：US5333776A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-02

申请号：US129896

申请日：1993-09-30

申请人： Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry R. Berger ,  Donald P. Eichelberger

发明人： Diwakar Garg ,  Kerry R. Berger ,  Donald P. Eichelberger

IPC分类号： B23K35/36 ,  B23K35/38 ,  B23K1/008

CPC分类号： B23K35/383 ,  B23K1/00 ,  B23K2203/10 ,  B23K35/3605

摘要： Aluminum or aluminum alloys are brazed in the presence of a non-corrosive flux using a low-cost, substantially dry nitrogen atmosphere produced by a non-cryogenic air separation technique such as a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or a selective permeation (membrane). The use of a substantially dry, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen atmosphere brazed aluminum or aluminum alloy components with consistent good brazed joint quality and appearance while utilizing low loading of the flux.

摘要翻译： 使用非低温空气分离技术（例如变压吸附（PSA））或选择性渗透（膜）产生的低成本，基本干燥的氮气氛，在存在非腐蚀性助焊剂的情况下将铝或铝合金钎焊， 。 使用基本干燥，非低温生产的氮气气氛钎焊的铝或铝合金部件，同时具有良好的钎焊接头质量和外观，同时利用焊剂的低负荷。