公开(公告)号：US4161436B1

公开(公告)日：1988-04-26

申请号：US84005077

申请日：1977-10-06

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  H01S3/091

CPC分类号： H01S3/091 ,  B01J19/121

公开(公告)号：US4686022A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-11

申请号：US779826

申请日：1985-09-25

申请人： Raymond D. Rempt

发明人： Raymond D. Rempt

IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  C01B3/00 ,  C01B13/02 ,  B01D53/32 ,  H01J49/20

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/08 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C01B3/0094

摘要： A specimen of molecules containing the desired element is contained in a low-pressure environment and is exposed to a beam of electrons of predetermined energy, causing the electrons to be captured by the molecules. The reaction is chosen so that there is a natural dissociation into an ion containing the desired element. The reaction region is subjected to an electrical field that accelerates the ions and removes them from the reaction region, at which time the ions are exposed to a laser beam of a wavelength sufficient to photodetach a substantial number of electrons from the ions, producing neutral atoms of the desired element. The entire particle stream exiting the interaction region is subjected to a magnetic field that bends the charged ions away from the neutral atoms so that the neutral atoms can then be directed to a test specimen or collection device, as the case may be. The apparatus for carrying out the method includes a pressure vessel for maintaining the environment in which the reactions take place at a pressure in the neighborhood of 10.sup.-4 Torr and, typically, the same magnetic field that is used to separate the ions from the neutral atoms is also used to collimate the electron beam for better localization, to interact with the molecules.

摘要翻译： 含有所需元素的分子样本被包含在低压环境中并暴露于预定能量的电子束，导致电子被分子俘获。 选择该反应使得存在天然离解成含有所需元素的离子。 反应区域受到加速离子并将其从反应区域中除去的电场，此时离子暴露于足以从离子中吸收大量电子的波长的激光束，产生中性原子 的所需元素。 离开相互作用区域的整个颗粒物流受到使带电离子偏离中性原子的磁场，使得中性原子随后可被引导到测试样本或收集装置，视情况而定。 用于实施该方法的装置包括用于保持反应发生在10-4托附近的压力下的环境的压力容器，通常用于将离子与中性离子分离的磁场通常相同的磁场 原子也用于准直电子束以获得更好的定位，以与分子相互作用。

公开(公告)号：US4671848A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-09

申请号：US682710

申请日：1984-12-17

申请人： Richard T. Miller ,  Yefim P. Sukhman

发明人： Richard T. Miller ,  Yefim P. Sukhman

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  B23K26/40 ,  H02G1/12 ,  B44C1/22 ,  B23K26/00

CPC分类号： H02G1/128 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B23K26/40 ,  B23K26/402 ,  B23K2201/35 ,  B23K2203/42 ,  B23K2203/52

摘要： In order to remove a dielectric coating from a conducting material, a high energy radiation source, such as a laser source, is focused in a region having a predefined relationship with the coating of the conducting material. The focused radiation results in a plasma or ionized region being formed. The coating in the vicinity of the plasma region is removed. The region of the focusing of the radiation is varied spatially to remove the dielectric coating in a pre-selected region of the conducting material. According to one embodiment, the radiation is focused in a region spatially removed from the conducting material in order that the direct radiation does not directly impact the conducting material.

摘要翻译： 为了从导电材料去除电介质涂层，诸如激光源的高能量辐射源被聚焦在与导电材料的涂层具有预定关系的区域中。 聚焦辐射导致形成等离子体或电离区域。 除去等离子体区域附近的涂层。 辐射聚焦的区域在空间上变化以去除导电材料的预选区域中的电介质涂层。 根据一个实施例，辐射被聚焦在从导电材料空间上去除的区域中，以便直接辐射不直接影响导电材料。

公开(公告)号：US4637938A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-20

申请号：US524923

申请日：1983-08-19

申请人： Henry Lee ,  John P. deNeufville ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

发明人： Henry Lee ,  John P. deNeufville ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

IPC分类号： B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/14 ,  C01B33/107 ,  C01G17/04 ,  C23C16/24 ,  C23C16/48 ,  C23C16/52 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G03G5/08 ,  G03G5/082 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： C23C16/52 ,  B01J12/002 ,  B01J19/121 ,  C01B33/107 ,  C01G17/04 ,  C23C16/24 ,  C23C16/483 ,  C23C16/488 ,  G01N21/6402

摘要： The present invention generally relates to the use of fluorescence signals obtained by selective optical excitation to detect and monitor a species present during a flow reaction or decomposition of various reactants. These reactions were analyzed in situ using a tunable laser as a selective excitation source in combination with a reactor inducing such reactions with a diffusion flame or a plasma. The resultant spectra and analysis presented herein demonstrates the detection of new compositions like SiHF in the gas phase. The invention allows for pinpoint spatial probing of the reactor without perturbing the reaction. Thus, a deposition process can be controlled by monitoring a selected species and adjusting the deposition reaction parameters in response to the species' mere detection or relative concentration. The invention also contemplates perturbing deposition reactions by selectively exciting a species present in the deposition reaction to modify the deposited material so that the quality of the deposited material improves. Specifically, improved photovoltaic devices which include photoconductive material made in accordance with the present invention are disclosed herein.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及使用通过选择性光学激发获得的荧光信号来检测和监测在各种反应物的流动反应或分解过程中存在的物质。 使用可调激光器作为选择性激发源与与扩散火焰或等离子体引起这种反应的反应器组合的现场分析这些反应。 本文提出的所得光谱和分析证明了在气相中检测新的组成如SiHF。 本发明允许反应器的精确的空间探测，而不扰乱反应。 因此，可以通过监测所选择的物种并响应于物种的纯粹检测或相对浓度来调节沉积反应参数来控制沉积过程。 本发明还考虑通过选择性地激发沉积反应中存在的物质来改变沉积的材料来扰乱沉积反应，从而改善沉积材料的质量。 具体地，本文公开了包括根据本发明制造的光电导材料的改进的光伏器件。

公开(公告)号：US4479859A

公开(公告)日：1984-10-30

申请号：US565807

申请日：1983-12-27

申请人： Joseph K. McDonald ,  James A. Merritt

发明人： Joseph K. McDonald ,  James A. Merritt

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C07C1/26

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  C07C1/26

摘要： A cw CO.sub.2 tunable laser is employed to irradiate an allyl halide selected from allyl chloride, allyl bromide, allyl fluoride, 2-methyl-3-chloropropene, and 2,3-dichloropropene and contained in one or more reaction cells at a predetermined pressure. A predetermined power level from about 25 to 150 watts, an irradiating time from about 0.2 second to about 60 seconds, and a selected radiation line for example P(36), P(32), P(28), P(26), or P(22) (that is resonant with an absorption band of the selected allyl halide) are employed to achieve dissociation of the selected allyl halide and to achieve a laser-induced photochemical synthesis of benzene and substituted benzenes.

摘要翻译： 采用cw CO2可调谐激光器以预定压力照射选自烯丙基氯，烯丙基溴，烯丙基氟化物，2-甲基-3-氯丙烯和2,3-二氯丙烯的烯丙基卤，并包含在一个或多个反应池中。 约25至150瓦的预定功率水平，约0.2秒至约60秒的照射时间，以及例如P（36），P（32），P（28），P（26）， 或P（22）（与选择的烯丙基卤化物的吸收带共振）来实现选择的烯丙基卤化物的解离，并实现苯和取代的苯的激光诱导的光化学合成。

公开(公告)号：US4469574A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-04

申请号：US380631

申请日：1982-05-21

申请人： Philip M. Keehn ,  Robert M. Serino

发明人： Philip M. Keehn ,  Robert M. Serino

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C07C1/213 ,  C07C45/51 ,  C07C45/59 ,  C07C45/60 ,  C07C53/08 ,  B01J19/08

CPC分类号： C07C53/08 ,  B01J19/121 ,  C07C1/213 ,  C07C45/513 ,  C07C45/59 ,  C07C45/60

摘要： This invention relates to an automated apparatus for use with electromagnetic radiation, such as a laser beam, to promote chemical reactions. The reaction chamber apparatus comprises a cylinder equipped with a reciprocating piston and with one or more windows. The invention also comprises an automated system which utilizes said chamber, and a method for utilizing the chamber and system. A laser beam enters the cylinder through one window, activates the reagents therein, and exits the chamber through a second window. After a mixture has been reacted, the laser is placed on standby, and the piston reciprocates, filling the cylinder with fresh reagent. Various embodiments are described which improve the efficiency of this invention.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于电磁辐射的自动化装置，例如激光束，以促进化学反应。 反应室装置包括装有往复活塞和一个或多个窗口的缸。 本发明还包括利用所述室的自动化系统以及利用所述室和系统的方法。 激光束通过一个窗口进入气缸，激活其中的试剂，并通过第二窗口离开室。 混合物反应后，将激光置于待机状态，活塞往复运动，用新鲜的试剂填充圆筒。 描述了提高本发明的效率的各种实施例。

公开(公告)号：US4437958A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-20

申请号：US868586

申请日：1978-01-11

申请人： Stephen D. Rockwood ,  Robert K. Sander

发明人： Stephen D. Rockwood ,  Robert K. Sander

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C01B13/02

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  C01B13/0233 ,  C01B2210/0026

摘要： A device and method for separating oxygen isotopes with an ArF laser which produces coherent radiation at approximately 193 nm. The output of the ArF laser is filtered in natural air and applied to an irradiation cell where it preferentially photodissociates molecules of oxygen gas containing .sup.17 O or .sup.18 O oxygen nuclides. A scavenger such as O.sub.2, CO or ethylene is used to collect the preferentially dissociated oxygen atoms and recycled to produce isotopically enriched molecular oxygen gas. Other embodiments utilize an ArF laser which is narrowly tuned with a prism or diffraction grating to preferentially photodissociate desired isotopes. Similarly, desired mixtures of isotopic gas can be used as a filter to photodissociate enriched preselected isotopes of oxygen.

摘要翻译： 用于在约193nm处产生相干辐射的ArF激光器分离氧同位素的装置和方法。 ArF激光器的输出在自然空气中过滤并施加到照射电池，其中其优先地使包含17O或18O氧化核素的氧气分子分解。 使用诸如O 2，CO或乙烯的清除剂来收集优先离解的氧原子并再循环以产生同位素富集的分子氧气体。 其他实施例利用与棱镜或衍射光栅进行狭窄调谐的ArF激光器，以优先光解所需同位素。 类似地，期望的同位素气体混合物可用作过滤器以使富氧预选的氧同位素光解离。

公开(公告)号：US4364870A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-21

申请号：US137440

申请日：1980-05-05

申请人： Tobin J. Marks ,  Edward A. Cuellar ,  Steven S. Miller ,  Eric Weitz

发明人： Tobin J. Marks ,  Edward A. Cuellar ,  Steven S. Miller ,  Eric Weitz

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C07F5/00 ,  B01J19/08

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  C07F5/003

摘要： The invention relates to an improved method for synthesizing uranium hexamethoxide and new mixed methoxy uranium (VI) fluorides from uranium hexafluorides. Irradiation of the products of the invention in the vapor phase, with a pulsed CO.sub.2 gas laser leads to enrichment in the U-235 content of the isotopic mixture containing U-235 and U-238, the degree of enrichment depending upon the laser frequency employed.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及六氟化铀合成六甲基铀和新的混合甲氧铀（Ⅵ）的改进方法。 在气相中用脉冲CO 2气体激光照射本发明的产物导致含有U-235和U-238的同位素混合物的U-235含量的富集，其浓度取决于所用的激光频率 。

公开(公告)号：US4144151A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-13

申请号：US914698

申请日：1978-06-12

申请人： James A. Merritt

发明人： James A. Merritt

IPC分类号： B01J19/12 ,  C01B35/02 ,  B01J1/10

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  C01B35/026

摘要： A method for the production of B.sub.10 H.sub.14 by laser induced chemistry is disclosed. A DF laser is used to irradiate a laser reaction cell containing diborane (B.sub.2 H.sub.6). The P.sub.12 (2611 cm.sup.-1) frequency of the 1-0 band of the DF laser is resonant with the .nu..sub.8 (2614 cm.sup.-1) vibrational fundamental of B.sub.2 H.sub.6 and starts a chain reaction producing solid white crystals of B.sub.10 H.sub.14 that condense on the walls of the laser reaction cell. The method is carried out at room temperature. Thus, the chemical engineering is very simple. The B.sub.10 H.sub.14 produced is of high purity and high yield. The production of decaborane-14 from diborane by DF laser induced chemistry (LIC) represents an efficient synthesis of a large polyatomic molecule of high purity by LIC.

摘要翻译： 公开了通过激光诱导化学生产B10H14的方法。 DF激光器用于照射含有乙硼烷（B2H6）的激光反应池。 DF激光器的1-0频带的P12（2611cm-1）频率与B2H6的nu8（2614cm-1）振动基波共振，并开始产生链式反应，产生B10H14的固体白色晶体，其在 激光反应池的墙壁。 该方法在室温下进行。 因此，化学工程非常简单。 所生产的B10H14纯度高，产量高。 通过DF激光诱导化学（LIC）从乙硼烷生产十硼烷-14代表了LIC的高纯度大型多原子分子的有效合成。

公开(公告)号：US4120767A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-17

申请号：US811217

申请日：1977-06-29

申请人： Steven N. Bittenson ,  Paul L. Houston

发明人： Steven N. Bittenson ,  Paul L. Houston

IPC分类号： B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J1/10

CPC分类号： B01J19/121 ,  B01D59/34

摘要： In the process of the invention an isotopic starting material comprising at least two isotopic forms of CF.sub.3 I and particularly a mixture of carbon-12 and carbon-13 isotopic species of CF.sub.3 I is selectively isotopically enriched by means of a laser-induced photochemical dissociation followed by chemical combination to form a compound, such as an ethylenically unsaturated compound other than CF.sub.3 I. The chemical combination takes the form of recombination of dissociation fragments or the combination of the CF.sub.3 radical with a scavenger compound. The separation is carried out by irradiating a gaseous mixture of the starting materials at a reduced pressure with laser radiation, until a significant enrichment in isotopic CF.sub.3 I is achieved. The wavelength of the radiation is selected so as to selectively excite one of the CF.sub.3 I isotopes, thereby causing the excited species to dissociate and form at least one chemical species other than CF.sub.3 I. The resulting mixture is enriched in selectively unexcited isotopic CF.sub.3 I which can be separated from the reaction product mixture by conventional techniques.

摘要翻译： 在本发明的方法中，包含CF 3 I的至少两种同位素形式的同位素起始材料，特别是CF 3 I的碳-12和碳-13同位素物质的混合物的同位素起始材料通过激光诱导的光化学解离随后化学 组合形成化合物，例如除CF 3 I以外的烯属不饱和化合物。 化学组合采用解离片段的重组或CF3基团与清除剂化合物的组合的形式。 通过用激光辐射在减压下照射起始原料的气体混合物进行分离，直到实现同位素CF 3 I的显着富集。 选择辐射的波长以选择性地激发CF 3 I同位素之一，从而使激发的物质解离并形成除CF 3 I以外的至少一种化学物质。 所得混合物富集有选择性地不同的同位素CF 3 I，其可以通过常规技术与反应产物混合物分离。